Used Wohlhaupter Multibore Digital for sale (6,818)

Condition: like new (used), This listing is for a second-hand plotter/large-format printer, the ‘Epson SureColor S9100’ Item for sale: 1 x Epson SureColor S9100 Meter readings: Credjy Dfdispfx Al Noc Total: Approx. 350m² Condition: This is a second-hand device, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or discolouration). The device has been tested for functionality A test print can be seen in the photo Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please arrange an appointment for this! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A functional test will be recorded on video for you prior to dispatch or collection. For further information, you are of course welcome to contact us directly.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, This offer is for a used ‘Xerox iGen 5 Press’ colour production system Items for sale: 1 x Xerox iGen 5 Press with the following specifications: Includes FreeFlow Print Server Includes 2 x YVC-2 paper decks Includes YVC-3 finisher Includes 5th colour (orange) Not the right configuration? It is no problem to configure the machine to your requirements. Please feel free to contact us! Meter readings: Total: Approx. 15,719,744 pages Condition: This offer is for a used machine, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or yellowing). The device has been tested for functionality Cedpfx Aloy Dfclj Nsrc A test printout can be seen in the photo Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please arrange an appointment for this! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A functional test will be recorded on video for you prior to dispatch or collection. For further information, you are of course welcome to contact us directly.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, With this offer, you are purchasing a used black-and-white production system, the Konica Minolta Bizhub PRESS 2250P. Item for sale: 1 x Konica Minolta Bizhub PRESS 2250P with the following equipment: Includes 2x paper decks Includes LS-505 stacker Not the right equipment for you? We can easily configure the machine to your requirements. Please feel free to contact us! Meter readings: Total: Approx. 34,784,268 pages Condition: This offer is for a used device, which may show signs of wear Crodoyamw Ujpfx Al Njc (minor scratches or yellowing). The device has been tested for functionality. A test printout can be seen in the photo. Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please make an appointment! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A functional test will be recorded on video for you before shipping or collection. For more information, please feel free to contact us personally.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, With this offer, you are purchasing a used large format printer/plotter ‘Roland TrueVIS SG2-300’. Item for sale: 1 x Roland TrueVIS SG2-300 with the following features: Includes cutting function Condition: This offer is for a used device, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or yellowing). The device has been tested for functionality. A test print can be seen in the photo. Cedpfxexwmtie Al Njrc Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please make an appointment! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A function test will be recorded on video for you before shipping or collection. For more information, please feel free to contact us personally.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, With this offer, you are purchasing a used plotter/large format printer ‘Roland TrueVis SG2-540’. Item for sale: 1 x Roland TrueVis SG2-540 with the following equipment: Crjdsxwmiwepfx Al Nec Condition: This offer is for a used device, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or yellowing). The device has been tested for functionality. Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please make an appointment! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A functionality test will be recorded on video for you before shipping or collection. For more information, please feel free to contact us personally.

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, With this offer, you are purchasing a Canon imagePRESS C165 colour production system in mint condition. Item for sale: Cedpfexzp D Eex Al Nsrc 1 x Canon imagePRESS C165 with the following features: Includes booklet finisher + jogger Not the right configuration for you? We can easily configure the machine to your specifications. Please feel free to contact us! Meter readings: Total: approx. 33,610 pages Colour: approx. 14,158 pages Black: approx. 19,452 pages Condition: This offer is for a used device, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or yellowing). The device has been tested for functionality. A test printout can be seen in the photo. Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please make an appointment! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A functional test will be recorded on video for you before shipping or collection. For more information, please feel free to contact us personally.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, With this offer, you are purchasing a used Ricoh Pro C5300s colour production system. Item for sale: 1 x Ricoh Pro C5300s with the following features: Includes SR5100 booklet finisher. Counter readings: Total: approx. 118,014 pages Colour: approx. 88,410 pages Black: approx. 29,604 pages Condition: Csdpfx Aoylugnel Nsrc This offer is for a used device, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or yellowing). The device has been tested for functionality. A test print can be seen in the photo. Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please make an appointment! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A function test will be recorded on video for you before shipping or collection. For more information, please feel free to contact us personally.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, With this offer, you are purchasing a used ‘Xerox Versant 280 Press’ colour production system. Item for sale: 1 x Xerox Versant 280 Press with the following equipment: Includes Fiery Pro Server Includes Paper Deck A-CF03 Includes Booklet Finisher A-FN13 Includes side trimmer Includes front trimmer with SquareFold Not the right equipment? It is no problem to configure the machine according to your requirements. Please feel free to contact us! Meter readings: Total: Approx. 2,161,667 pages Colour: Approx. 1,846,661 pages Black: Approx. 315,006 pages Condition: This offer is for a used device, which may show signs of wear Codpfsxnihkjx Al Njrc (minor scratches or yellowing). The device has been tested for functionality. A test print can be seen in the photo. Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please make an appointment! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A function test will be recorded on video for you before shipping or collection. For more information, please feel free to contact us personally.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, With this offer, you are purchasing a used black-and-white production system, the Canon/Océ VarioPrint 6330 Titan. Item for sale: 1 x Canon VarioPrint 6330 Titan with the following features: Includes 2x paper decks Includes large-capacity stacker Meter readings: Total: approx. 35,187,549 pages Condition: This offer is for a used device, which may show signs of wear Crodpfoylt U Dox Al Nec (minor scratches or yellowing). The device has been tested for functionality. Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please make an appointment! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A functionality test will be recorded on video for you before shipping or collection. For more information, please feel free to contact us personally.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2014, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: auto duplex, We are offering our used digital printing machine, which is covered by a maintenance contract. The machine will remain in operation until 21.04.2026, after which it will be disconnected from the power supply. Cedoy Dgn Njpfx Al Njrc

Condition: ready for operation (used), Konica Minolta Accurio Press C 3080 with 1.9 million copies----- Tested and ready to work! Equipment: - DF 706 - PF 707 M - HT 506 - FS 532 - IC 605A - SD 513 with CR 501 + TU 503 Option to purchase the machine without the SD 513 module As an experienced retailer of used copiers, we have developed real expertise in packing and pallet shipping to ensure our customers receive machines in perfect condition. We ship copiers that originate from and are maintained by Konica Minolta France. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to ask me. Our company offers the widest range of Konica Minolta production copiers and can arrange worldwide shipping on request. Crjdpfx Ajyy I Rkol Njc Please do not hesitate to contact us for further information.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2022, operating hours: 100 h, functionality: fully functional, resolution (max.): 1,200 dpi, paper weight (min.): 20 g/m², paper weight (max.): 1,000 g/m², paper width (min.): 100 mm, paper width (max.): 600 mm, paper height (min.): 1 mm, paper height (max.): 100 mm, number of feeding trays: 1, total length: 1,000 mm, year of last overhaul: 2023, type of input current: DC, Lightly used Trojan3 OPX digital CMYK printer with VF280 high speed vacuum friction feeder, ideal for high-quality short-run printing on a wide range of substrates. Purchased new in October 2022 and used only for limited in-house jobs. Well suited for packaging, labels, mailings, and other variable data or short-run applications. For sale: Complete Trojan3 OPX digital printing solution including the VF280 High Speed Vacuum Friction Feeder and conveyor system. The Trojan3 OPX is a CMYK pigment ink digital printer based on HP technology, offering high print quality and reliable performance. It is designed for flexible, on-demand production and is ideal for companies working with packaging, cards, envelopes, mailings, or other flat products. Crjdpsy R A S Dofx Al Nec Key specifications: - Ink type: Pigmented CMYK ink based on HP technology - Maximum print width: 297 mm - Print speed: Up to 27 m/min - Print resolution: 1200 x 1200 dpi - Conveyor with vacuum in 600 mm and 1,000 mm widths - Automatic height calibration from 0–100 mm - 5 vacuum zones with adjustable suction - 15.6” touch panel - Trojan Control Software RIP VF280 High Speed Vacuum Friction Feeder, product size up to 495 mm x 710 mm. The system has only been used occasionally, as we do not have the internal competencies to fully utilize it, and therefore, it has significantly less usage than typical for its age. The equipment is in good working condition and can be inspected and tested by appointment. Included in the sale: - Trojan3 OPX digital printer - Conveyor with vacuum (600 mm and 1,000 mm widths) - VF280 High Speed Vacuum Friction Feeder - Touch panel and Trojan Control RIP software Year of purchase: October 2022 Condition: Very good, used Location: Denmark Reason for sale: We invested in this solution to handle small print jobs in-house, but due to a lack of internal resources and competencies, we have not implemented it as planned.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, This offer is for a used ‘Canon imagePRESS C10000VP’ colour production system Item for sale: Crjdpfx Aljy Aly Is Nec 1 x Canon imagePRESS C10000VP with the following specifications: Includes Fiery Server Pro Includes 1 x Paper Deck D1 Includes Stacker H1 Not the right configuration? It’s no problem to configure the machine to your requirements. Please feel free to contact us! Meter readings: Total: Approx. 9,039,201 pages Colour: Approx. 7,444,138 pages Black: Approx. 1,595,063 pages Condition: This is a second-hand machine, which may show signs of use (minor scratches or yellowing). The machine has been tested for functionality A test print can be seen in the photo Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the machine during our business hours. Please arrange an appointment! Sea-worthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A functional test will be recorded on video for you prior to dispatch or collection. For further information, you are of course welcome to contact us directly.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, This offer is for a used ‘Ricoh Pro 8310’ black-and-white production system Item for sale: 1 x Ricoh Pro 8310 with the following specifications: Includes Vacuum Feed LCIT RT5120 Includes Finisher SR5110 Not the right configuration? We can easily configure the machine to your specifications. Please feel free to contact us! Meter readings: Total: Approx. 431,372 pages Condition: This is a used machine, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or yellowing). The machine has been tested for functionality A test printout can be seen in the photo Cjdpfxsy Altbs Al Nsrc Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the machine during our business hours. Please arrange an appointment! Sea-worthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! A functional test will be recorded on video for you prior to dispatch or collection. For further information, you are of course welcome to contact us directly.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, This offer is for a used ‘Ricoh Pro C9200’ colour production system Item for sale: 1 x Ricoh Pro C9200 with the following specifications: incl. Fiery Controller E-46 incl. Vacuum Feed LCIT RT5120 incl. Stacker SK5040 incl. SR5050 finisher Not the right configuration? We can easily configure the machine to your specifications. Please feel free to contact us! Meter readings: Total: Approx. 12,985,706 pages Colour: Approx. 9,857,702 pages Black: Approx. 3,128,004 pages Condition: This is a second-hand machine, which may show signs of wear (minor scratches or discolouration). The machine has been tested for functionality A test print can be seen in the photo Packaging and shipping: You are welcome to view the machine during our business hours. Please arrange an appointment! Sea-worthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! Cedpjy Alpiefx Al Nerc A functional test will be recorded on video for you prior to dispatch or collection. For further information, you are of course welcome to contact us directly.

Condition: excellent (used), Perfect printer for clients owning already a FB7600, 200 printheads in perfect shape. Included second printer in spare parts. For further details please refer to enclosed data sheet Technical specifications Productivity Up to 500 m2 /hr (5380 ft2 /hr) or 95 full-size sheets/hr1 Resolution Up to 600 dpi Media • Handling: Sheet-to-sheet ¾-automatic loading, semi-automatic and manual loading and unloading, and up to 4-sheet simultaneous printing with optional Multi-sheet Loader Kit • Types2 : Foam PVC, PVC sheets, polystyrene (HIPS), fluted polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene, synthetic paper, SAV, paper, foamboard, corrugated cardboard,3 compressed cardboard, and others • Size: Rigid and flexible sheets up to 165 x 320 cm (65 x 126 in) • Thickness: Up to 25 mm, Minimum: 130 gsm • Weight for automatic loading: Up to 20 kg (44 lb) • Weight for manual loading: Up to 40 kg (88 lb) Printing • Technology: Drop-on-demand, piezoelectric inkjet • Ink types: UV-curable pigmented inks • Ink compatibility: HP FB225 Scitex Inks • Ink colors: Cyan, magenta, yellow, black, light cyan, light magenta, and optional white, orange and light black • Ink coverage: Up to 124 m2 /L (1335 ft2 /L) (at POP40 mode) • Printheads: 312 total (52 per color), additional 104 for white, orange and light black inks • Outdoor durability: Up to 2 years UV with abrasion and water resistance4 • Ink drop: 42 pl • Printable area: 165 x 320 cm (65 x 126 in) Print modes Mode5 • POP17 • POP30 • POP34 Text • POP40 • POP48 Maximum Productivity • 90 m2 /hr (967 ft2 /hr) • 160 m2 /hr (1720 ft2 /hr) • 180 m2 /hr (1937 ft2 /hr) • 210 m2 /hr (2260 ft2 /hr) • 250 m2 /hr (2688 ft2 /hr) Beds/hr6 • 17 • 30 • 34 • 40 • 48 Mode5 Cjdsyyz D Repfx Al Nsrc • POP52 • POP55 • Prod70 • Prod95 Maximum Productivity • 274m2 /hr (2948ft2 /hr) • 290 m2 /hr (3120 ft2 /hr) • 360 m2 /hr (3873 ft2 /hr) • 500 m2 /hr (5380 ft2 /hr) Beds/hr6 • 52 • 55 • 70 • 95 RIP • Software: GrandRIP+ by Caldera7 or ProductionHouse by Onyx • Input formats: All popular graphic file formats, including PostScript, PDF, EPS, Tiff, PSD, and JPG • Front end software features: Layout, step-and-repeat, color management and file sizing and cropping, edge-to-edge printing (bleed), queue, saturation control, slow loading speed, image 2, hot folder, and align to left/right and multi-sheet with optional Multi-sheet Loader Kit Physical characteristics Dimensions (w x d x h): 10.5 x 5.6 x 1.6 m (34.5 x 18.4 x 5.2 ft), Weight: 5000 kg (11,024 lb) with vacuum unit Dimensions (w x d x h) 4 x 3.25 x 2.03 m (13.2 x 10.7 x 6.7 ft), Weight: 2,700 kg (5,952 lb)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, conveyor belt length: 3,100 mm, conveyor belt width: 2,200 mm, total length: 3,100 mm, total width: 2,200 mm, power: 3 kW (4.08 HP), We offer this very good Blackman and White Versatech Cutting Machine, year of construction 2017. 2.2 x 3.1mtr conveyorised bed, with on board 3kw water cooled router and drag knife, with iCut camera registration system. Can be seen fully working and tested in Leicester UK. Crsdpfx Alex Ik Dcs Nec Price is ex works, we can put you in touch with the engineer who will provide a seperate and direct cost to move the machine. If you have any questions or need more information, feel free to send us a message or give us a call.

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, The clock control system from Trio Technik is for sale Crsdpfxov Smrrj Al Nec

Condition: good (used), Brand Boschert Model EL 500 Digital Year of construction 2009 Press force 28 tons Throat depth 180 mm Credpfx Aow Hyc Sel Nsc Punching capacity 40 mm in 6 mm Worktable size 500x1000 mm Number of strokes 180 pcs Dimensions 2400x1580x1540 mm Weight 2000 kg Power 5 kW

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2019, Durst RHO 312r LED The new quality standard for large format backlit and fine art applications up to 3.2m print widths. With Durst Quadro Array 12M printheads and Variodrop technology for high print speeds. Manufacturing Year: 2019 Colour configuration 6 colours (CMYK Lc Lm) Head status: very good Mileage: 260.000m² RIP: non available Service: under full service contract from Durst In production, demo possible Decommissioning, installation available upon request For further technical information please refer to enclosed brochure Technical Specifications Printing system: Roll-to-roll transport system with Quadro® Array technology. Motorized adjustment of medium and printheads distance Resolution: Up to 1,200 dpi Productivity: Rho 512R: Boost mode up to 364 m 2 /h (3,918 sq ft/h) Rho 312R: Boost mode up to 305 m 2 /h (3,250 sq ft/h) Production mode with PO: Rho 512R: 152 m 2 /h (1,636 sq ft/h) Rho 312R: 130 m 2 /h (1,400 sq ft/h) UV Curing technology: LED or arc bulb lamps Colour options: Standard: CMYK Codpfx Aeyxqi Tel Norc Optional: Light Cyan, Light Magenta, Light Black, White, PCA inks on request Inks: Durst Roll LED, Rho Roll UV, Greenguard Gold certified Ink refill identification system: Integrated ink refill identification system to avoid wrong ink loading Maximum print width: Rho 512R: 500 cm (16.4 ft) Rho 312R: up to 320 cm (10.5 ft) Maximum material width: Rho 512R: 520 cm (17 ft) Rho 312R: up to 330 cm (10.8 ft) Maximum Roll media diameter: Rho 512R: 350 mm (13,7 in) Rho 312R: Standard 350 mm (13.7 ft) Big Roll 540 mm (21.2 in) Maximum material thickness: 2 mm (0.08 in) – material-dependent Maximum roll weight: Rho 512R: up to 270 kg (595 lbs) Rho 312R: Standard 350 kg (770 lbs) Big Roll 480 kg (1.058 lbs)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2022, The Fujifilm Acuity Prime 30 is a high-speed UV LED flatbed printer known for its versatility and high image quality on various rigid and flexible media. Manufacturing Year: 2022 Mileage: 12.000m² only!!!!! Colour configuration: CMYK +W (+varnish or primer, disactivated, but can be activated again) Availability: February 2026 In production Location: Benelux Yearly maintenance done in February 2026 For further technical information please refer to enclosed datasheet General Specifications Feature Specification Source(s) Printer Type Dedicated true flatbed UV LED printer Max Print Speed Up to 150 m²/hr (1,615 sq. ft./hr) Max Resolution Up to 1200 dpi (Fine Art mode) Dimensions (WxLxH) 2.1 x 4.9 x 1.5 m Weight 1600 kg Media Handling Crjdpsylxr Isfx Al Nsc Max Media Size: 2.5 m x 1.27 m (approx. 8 ft x 4 ft standard board size) Max Media Thickness: 51 mm (2 inches) Max Media Weight: 45 kg/m² Vacuum Zones: Five dedicated vacuum zones minimize the need for masking and aid quick media changeover. Registration Pins: Pneumatic registration pins ensure quick and accurate loading of rigid media. Printheads: Ricoh Gen 5 greyscale variable drop printheads, with drop sizes from 7 to 21 picolitres.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2024, functionality: fully functional, number of ink cartridges: 4, color channels: 4, resolution (max.): 2,400 dpi, paper weight (min.): 52 g/m², paper weight (max.): 400 g/m², paper width (min.): 98 mm, paper width (max.): 330 mm, paper height (min.): 148 mm, paper height (max.): 660 mm, number of feeding trays: 5, total length: 790 mm, total width: 1,600 mm, total height: 1,200 mm, space requirement width: 2,000 mm, space requirement height: 1,200 mm, counter reading (black): 83,789, counter reading (color): 117,056, year of last overhaul: 2025, type of input current: three-phase, Equipment: auto duplex, Professional digital printing machine in excellent condition, with very little use. Total counter approximately: ~200,000 prints (well below the market average) A4 mono: 47,967 | A4 color: 48,898 | A3 mono: 35,822 | A3 color: 68,158 External Fiery EX-280 server (high-performance professional RIP and advanced color management) Excellent print quality, ideal for digital production. The machine is currently not in operation but is in perfect working order. Ideal for print shops, copy centers, or production facilities looking for a virtually new machine at a highly competitive price. Crjdoy Altnjpfx Al Noc Inspection possible. For sale due to shop closure and lack of use.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2022, operating hours: 4,202 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: DM23E235, number of ink cartridges: 6, color channels: CMYK, resolution (max.): 1,200 dpi, total length: 1,355 mm, total width: 1,290 mm, total height: 1,580 mm, type of input current: AC, input voltage: 220 V, Near Mint Condition, Only 25 m² Printed! We bought the machine 15 months ago, when it was two years old, with our primary goal of printing mobile phone cases. The machine was originally a showroom model from a Hungarian importer in Budapest. In the meantime, our company's focus had shifted, so we only used it for a few dozen test prints. It uses LUS-120 inks in CMYK, white and clear (varnish) configurations. The machine can be viewed in our office. Technical Details & Description: Condition: Used – Like New (Excellent condition) Year of Manufacture: 2022 Total Print Area: Only 25 m² (Extremely low mileage) Ink Type: LUS-120 (CMYK + White + Varnish) Print Area: 300 x 420 mm Crodpfxoyv Af Io Al Nec Max. Object Height: 153 mm Key Features & Included Extras: Anti-Static Unit (Ionizer): Factory-installed, ensures dust-free printing and prevents ink misting. Original Mimaki Stand: Included in the price. Perfect Nozzle Check: 100% nozzle health (test print photo available). Latest "e" Series: Improved stability, precision, and connectivity. Price: €11,900 + VAT (or 4,500,000 HUF + VAT) The machine is located in Hungary. Shipping and handling are to be arranged by the buyer.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: 990201516, color channels: 4, resolution (max.): 1,800 dpi, paper width (max.): 1,625 mm, type of input current: three-phase, input voltage: 400 V, Canon Colorado 1650 – Professional UVgel Large Format Printer For sale is a professional large format printer, the Canon Colorado 1650, from the industrial production print segment. The Colorado series is recognized as an established production system in the field of professional roll-to-roll printing applications and is particularly used in advertising technology, display production, exhibition stand construction, and industrial large format printing. According to the supplier’s invoice, the machine was purchased in 2022. The original net acquisition value was approximately €70,000 net, including accessories and installation. The system is currently stored dry in a warehouse and presents a well-maintained overall appearance. Equipment / Scope of Delivery: - Canon Colorado 1650 - Professional roll-to-roll printing system - UVgel technology - Industrial-grade production system - Integrated control panel - Professional media handling - Industrial construction - Serial number: 990201516 Important Notes: - No verified information on operating hours available - No documented service history available Credpfx Aloy Su E Es Nsc - Software/RIP system not included in the offer - Sale in current condition This machine is particularly suitable for professional operators looking to acquire a high-performance production system at a significant discount compared to the new price. Viewing by appointment possible. VAT deductible. Loading and transport can be organized or supported by arrangement. Subject to prior sale and errors.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1998, functionality: unexamined, travel distance X-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 410 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 520 mm, table width: 420 mm, table length: 840 mm, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, Table size 840 x 420 mm Travel X/Y/Z: 600 / 410 / 520 mm Spindle SK 40, speed up to 6000 rpm Credpfxjy R Um Ts Al Nsc Main drive 8.5 kW Tool changer with 22 stations Control: Heidenhain TNC 370 Including coolant system