Used Knapp Osr Automated Shuttle System for sale (43,902)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, Knapp roller conveyor accumulation 12720-510-450 RA2379 Make: Knapp Running direction: both directions Roller width (RB): 450 mm Nominal/outer width (NB): 540 mm Length: 12720 mm in 7 Elements. Roller diameter: 50 mm Roller distance: 60 mm Stowage area length: 540 mm Roller conveyors Drive: 30mm Belt Nsdpov I Hqmsfx Adtecr Height frame: 90 mm Conveyor speed: 0,5m/s Scope of delivery: without supports, Light barrier included Optionally available: Supports Side guides Prices net plus VAT ex central warehouse Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co KG, 97076 Würzburg For individual, expert advice, simply get in touch with us. Simply contact us by phone or email. We will be happy to help you plan and implement your projects. We look forward to hearing from you. With kind regards Your team at Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co. KG Your specialist and contact for intralogistics

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, Knapp roller conveyor accumulation 2160-510-450 RA2381 Make: Knapp Running direction: both directions Roller width (RB): 450 mm Nominal/outer width (NB): 540 mm Length: 2160 mm Roller diameter: 50 mm Roller distance: 60 mm Stowage area length: 540 mm Height frame: 90 mm Motor Roller conveyors: Interroll EC300 24V Conveyor speed: freely adjustable up to 1,25m/s with Interroll EC300 Motor Scope of delivery: without supports, Light barrier included Optionally available: Supports Side guides Prices net plus VAT ex central warehouse Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co KG, 97076 Würzburg For individual, expert advice, simply get in touch with us. Simply contact us by phone or email. We will be happy to help you plan and implement your projects. We look forward to hearing from you. With kind regards Your team at Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co. KG Your specialist and contact for intralogistics Njdpfxjv I Hqys Adtjcr

Year of construction: 2015, condition: as good as new (ex-display), Knapp transfer roller conveyor Toothed belt slider 90° 2900/2270-510-450 Nodpfxswyqrwj Adtjcr RA2417 Make: Knapp Running direction: both directions Roller width (RB): 450 mm Nominal/outer width (NB): 710 mm Length: 2900 mm and 2270 mm Roller diameter: 50 mm Roller spacing: 90 mm Frame height: 90 mm Drive section height: +250 mm downwards Distance between belts: 330 mm Belt width: 250 mm Number of accumulation positions: 5 Accumulation position size: 700 mm Motor overslide belts: SEW-Motor 3x 300-500V Motor Roller conveyors: Interroll EC300 24V inkluding Pneumatic overslide belts and end stop Conveyor speed: freely adjustable up to 1,25m/s with Interroll EC300 Motor Optionally available: Supports Side guide one and both sides Price: plus VAT ex central warehouse Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co. KG 97076 Würzburg For individual, expert advice, simply get in touch with us. Simply contact us by phone or email. We will be happy to help you plan and implement your projects. We look forward to hearing from you. With kind regards Your team at Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co. KG Your specialist and contact for intralogistics

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, total length: 5,200 mm, total height: 1,700 mm, total width: 1,350 mm, overall weight: 950 kg, Equipment: safety light barrier, I am offering for sale a General System Pack packaging machine in excellent condition. It was purchased for a project that was cancelled after a short time. We were 100% satisfied with it during use. It served reliably, without any technical problems. It was always properly maintained and used in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, it is in excellent condition. It is currently out of service. The price of a new machine is €70-80,000 Nsdpsxw Ilgofx Adtscr It can be used to package products of several types. It also allows packaging products in a protective atmosphere. It is intended for operations that focus on packaging one or several specific products, but also for operations with a large assortment of packaged products. Usable packaging material: BOPP foils, perforated and laminated foils, foils with a paper or aluminum layer, PE foils (with PE welding).

Condition: good (used), D&K Europa System B2 Laminator The machine is 100% operational and ready to use. This advanced, high-performance machine is ideal for commercial laminating. Technical specifications: Max sheet size: 540mm x 740mm Min sheet size: 210mm x 220mm Min weight: 115 gsm Max weight: 400 gsm Operating temperature: 80-145°C Weight: 750 kg 380V power supply Chrome-plated steel cylinder Pneumatic clamping, separation, and automatic high-stack feeding. Sheet feeding accuracy: ±2.0mm. Touchpad for easy operation. Sheet straightening module. Nsdoynfvlepfx Adtscr Sheet discharge jogger.

Condition: used, Used stainless steel container / transport container / IBC Last use: Solvent Item number: 10848 Volume: 800 liters Type: Vertical in galvanized stacking frame Material (wetted parts): 1.4301 / AISI304 Manhole 400mm Design: Single-walled Operating pressure according to type plate: 0.10 bar Empty weight: 213 kg Tank dimensions: Total width: 1020mm Total length: 1220mm Total height: 1400mm Height of the feet: 100mm Materials: Interior: 1.4301 / AISI 304 External parts: Galvanized steel Equipment: Type plate: yes Outlet diameter: 40mm Ncodpfx Adju Ngqtstsr Outlet valve: ball valve Distance drain to floor: 265mm

Condition: used, Leybold A700 Q deposition system (ebeam) Leybold A700 deposition system: Was used for deposition Titanium - Gold (ebeam) Ebeam deposition unit (Leybold) Ncedouhcniopfx Adtor Vacuum pump Leybold D40-65B + Diffusion pump 2kW Proceschamber: Size: Width 680mm x Height 680mm x Depth 550mm Substrateholder diameter 650mm Incl. shielding Oring door Heaters Basepressure low 10-6mbar Electronics: Baseline cabinet (eneeds upgrade) Old PLC (for pump/vent) Gas cabinet/water: Various valves/flow reducers for gas and water Note: D&M Vacuumsystems can upgrade the system to new processes (E-beam or Sputter) incl. new electronics and software. EUR 37.500,-

Condition: used, UHV deposition system (ebeam sputter) UHV deposition system: Was used for deposition Titanium - Gold (ebeam) Ebeam deposition unit is removed Cryopump and prepump is removed Loadlock: for samples round 75mm Incl. sample heater 450l/s turbomolecular pump (Leybold) Proceschamber: Size: Width 680mm x Height 750mm x Depth 590mm Incl. shielding Double oring door (partially pumped) Heaters Basepressure low 10-7mbar, high 10-8mbar Electronics: Nodpfsuhcn Nox Adtecr Baseline cabinet (e-beam unit removed) Old PLC (for pump/vent) Gas cabinet/water: Various valves/flow reducers for gas and water Note: D&M Vacuumsystems can upgrade the system to new processes (E-beam or Sputter) incl. new electronics and software. EUR 55.000,-

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, Technical details: Ncjdev N Ekbopfx Adtor voltage: 400 V / Hz total power requirement: 0,37 kW dimension machine xH: L:2,7 x B: 0,7 x H: 2,0 m Scraper belt conveyor combined with cooling water system and torque shut-off Discharge length D=280mm Chip infeed width F=325mm Insertion height B=approx. 160mm Insertion height B+I=220mm Chip infeed width F1=300mm Chip infeed length=700mm Floor clearance I=60mm Discharge height above floor C+I=950mm Equipment 2x support feet *

Condition: good (used), DIGI SM-5500B System Scale SM-5500B, the advanced PC-based system scale printer that provides you with multiple retail solutions. Increases operational turnover, improves operations with integrated queuing and collection system through various innovative features of SM-5500B. Experience true retail solutions offered by DIGI's PC scales. - Linerless printing with integrated automatic cutter - Watermark printing - Speed ID - InfoTag and electronic signage e.Label - Integrated queuing and collection system - Waste management - Interactive screen display Power source 230 V (50/60 Hz.) Nsdpek Shm Tofx Adtscr Operating humidity 15% - 85% RH Non-condensing Operating temperature -10° C to +40° C Operator Display 12.1" Customer display 7 "WVGA (800x480) Interface RS232C, Ethernet (standard) max. 15/30 kg, min. 100g, e = 5/10g, dimensions (in mm) 385(W) x 507(D) x 148(H) Item condition: used Photo is purely indicative More items - new and used - you will find in our store! International shipping costs on request!

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 28,257 h, machine/vehicle number: 52011345674582, load capacity: 350 kg, overall weight: 7,490 kg, product width (max.): 2,520 mm, working height: 30,000 mm, enginetype: Diesel, manufacturer: SYSTEM LIFT Njdpfxex A N Ruo Adtscr

Condition: excellent (used), Features: Used roller conveyor converter from the manufacturer Knapp. Feet to be ordered separately Condition: Fully functional with traces of use Ideal for fast material transport Professionally dismantled and packed Drive type: flat belt with motor Transfer unit Ncsdjd Eg Ddspfx Adtsr Transfer units with chains or belts lift the conveyed material gently and set it down gently on the target section. For this purpose, both tracks must stop briefly during pick-up and set-down. Technical data: Dimensions of the roller conveyor total length: 900 mm total width: 1030 mm track width: 485 mm Details of the roller clamping length: 415 mm Diameter approx.: 50 mm Material: steel, galvanized Details of the transfer unit length: 910 mm Belt width: 25 mm Number of belts: 4 pieces Tailor-made solutions for your intralogistics For roller conveyors, belt conveyors, inclined conveyors or telescopic conveyors for loading and unloading your goods, we are your competent partner! We would be pleased to make you an individual offer or advise you on conception or assembly questions. Simply let us know your requirements and the local conditions. Take advantage of our many years of experience and our excellent network of specialists. For companies in a wide range of industries, such as: Logistics, pharmaceutical industry, trade or the electronics industry, we have already successfully implemented projects. Together we will work out ways to optimise your processes and material flow in a cost-effective and sustainable way. Even fully automated [...]

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, feeder rollers, transfer belts for 6 meters, retractable forks, lift tables with rubber-coated parcel drive chains, outfeed chains Ncedpfx Ajycxtyedtor

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, Features: * Diverter of the manufacturer KNAPP * Drive: Pneumatic * Condition: fully functional with traces of use * Colour: grey * Material: Steel * Professionally dismantled and packed * Price per piece * Total quantity in stock: 20 pcs. Nodpfxjd Icv Te Adtocr * Condition: very good Technical data: Total width: 530 mm height: 530 mm Length of the boom: 630 mm Length of mounting crossbeam: 430 mm Lifting depth: 400 mm Width of pusher: 400 mm Tailor-made solutions for your intralogistics For roller conveyors, belt conveyors, pushers or telescopes for loading and unloading your goods, we are your competent partner! We would be pleased to make you an individual offer or advise you on the conception or assembly questions. Simply let us know your requirements and the local conditions. Take advantage of our many years of experience and our excellent network of specialists. For enterprises of the most different industries, as for example: Logistics, pharmaceutical industry, trade or the electronics industry, we have already successfully implemented projects. Together we will work out ways to optimize your process and material flow in a cost effective and sustainable way. We can even offer you fully automatic sorting technology or supplementary components such as picking racks or containers.

Condition: good (used), Features: * Diverter of the manufacturer KNAPP * Drive: Pneumatic * Condition: fully functional with traces of use * Color: black * Material: Steel * Professionally dismantled and packed * Price per piece * Total quantity in stock: 6 pcs. Ncodjdh Ur Sepfx Adtjr Technical data: Total width: 530 mm height: 580 mm Length of the boom: 590 mm Length of mounting crossbeam: 430 mm Stroke depth: 400 mm Width of pusher: 400 mm Customized solutions for your intralogistics For roller conveyors, belt conveyors, inclined conveyors or telescopic conveyors for loading and unloading your goods, we are your competent partner! We will be happy to provide you with an individual offer or advise you on design or installation issues. Simply let us know your requirements and the local conditions. Take advantage of our many years of experience and our excellent network of specialists. For enterprises of the most different industries, as for example: Logistics, pharmaceutical industry, trade or the electronics industry, we have already successfully implemented projects. Together we will work out ways to optimize your process and material flow in a cost effective and sustainable way. We can even offer you fully automatic sorting technology or supplementary components such as picking racks or containers.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, conveyor belt length: 1,000 mm, conveyor belt width: 670 mm, total length: 1,000 mm, total width: 820 mm, total height: 800 mm, power: 0.12 kW (0.16 HP), motor manufacturer: Soco System, Belt Conveyor/ Conveyor Belt/ Belt Conveyor System Manufacturer: Soco System Condition: Used Year of Manufacture: 2016 Overall Length: approx. 1000 mm Overall Width: approx. 820 mm Overall Width without Motor: approx. 670 mm Conveyor Width: approx. 580 mm Conveyor Height: approx. 800 mm (adjustable) Nedpfx Aew A S Swedtscr Material: Steel/Aluminium - galvanized Belt Type: Plastic - smooth Color: galvanized, dark blue Including Soco motor (0.12 kW) Including feet (height-adjustable) The conveyor system was operational until disassembly. Thanks to the superior workmanship of the conveyor technology, your material glides smoothly to its destination even under heavy loads. Tailor-made solutions for your intralogistics. For roller conveyors, belt conveyors, inclined conveyors, or telescopic conveyors for loading and unloading your goods, we are your competent partner! We are happy to prepare a customized offer for you or provide advice regarding design or installation questions. Simply let us know your requirements and site conditions. Benefit from our many years of experience and excellent network of professionals. We have already successfully implemented projects for companies in various sectors such as logistics, pharmaceutical industry, trades, and the electronics industry. Together, we will find ways to optimize your process and material flow cost-effectively and sustainably. We can also offer you fully automatic sorting systems or complementary components such as order picking racks or containers. Features: Condition: fully functional, with signs of wear Ideal for fast material transport Professionally disassembled and packed Pick-up address: Industriestraße 5 (47918 Tönisvorst)

Condition: excellent (used), System 3R 3R-901-20E compatible 3Refix mandrel Ø20mm Nodpfx Aow E Hgbjdtjcr System 3R 3R-901-20E compatible 3Refix mandrel Ø20mm, rust-resistant - 3Refix compatible Ø20 mm - Rust-resistant - Recommended tightening torque 4 Nm - Supplied singly Partly new and unused

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2021, arm reach: 3,900 mm, conveyor belt length: 8,000 mm, conveyor belt width: 600 mm, product height (max.): 2,600 mm, No reserve price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! The machine's original price in 2021 was EUR 1,480,000 (net)! TECHNICAL DETAILS Performance and Capacity Processing capacity: 60 pallets per day Boxes per pallet: up to 54 units Maximum box weight with 54 boxes: 15 kg Overall height from top of pallet: 2,500 mm Maximum total height (including pallet): 2,600 mm Maximum total load: up to 500 kg Process Times Stacking time per box: 12–15 s Wrapping time: approx. 30 s AGV cycle time (incl. pallet change, wrapping, labeling, transport): about 4 min Transport and Material Flow AGV travel distance: approx. 70 m Number of pallet change positions: 6 Available positions during pallet change: 5 Robot Industrial robot: 6-axis articulated arm robot Payload: 120 kg Reach: 3,900 mm Availability: 99.9 % Protection class (robot): IP64 Robot control: KUKA, protection class IP54 Robot pedestal: height 1,500 mm Safety and Control Technology PLC: Siemens S7-1500 with MP 277 Touch Panel, 19" industrial PC panel Central safety control: with decentralized I/O modulation Profinet slave card: for PLC communication Safety light curtains: 1× A 1,500 mm with muting (3 for robot cell, 1 for door, 1 for wooden pallet stacking) Conveyor Technology and Pallet Handling Powered pallet conveyor: length 4 m, width 1,200 mm Pallet transfer station: GoPal E24/W for docking station Pallet station power unit: GoPal 400 / E24/W Pallet detection kit: included AGV System Ncsdpfjxu Upmox Adtsr Transport unit: autonomous AGV GoBot GoPal E24/W Server: GoControl Operating unit: GoPal operating unit (1× call button) Interfaces: GoPal AUX Interface Box (I/O) Integration: fully integrated into AGV system Conveying Technology and Singulation Box conveying line: 17 m long, 600 mm wide Horizontal robot transfer section: 1 m Belt conveyor for boxes (new line): 8 m long, 600 mm wide Singulation system: pneumatic pusher Singulation stopper: included Pallet Stacking Systems Automatic pallet stacking system for Euro pallets: capacity 13 pallets, manufacturer e.g. Palomat or similar Automatic pallet stacking system for wooden pallets: capacity 13 pallets, manufacturer e.g. Palomat or similar MACHINE DETAILS System footprint: 5.6 m² (base area) Connected load: 38 kW Weight: 3,500 kg Note: Further information on the equipment configuration can be found in the attached specification sheet.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2020, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 500 kg, total length: 1,200 mm, total width: 800 mm, total height: 1,500 mm, year of last overhaul: 2025, For sale is a pallet magazine / pallet dispenser SOCO SYSTEM PALMANAGER in very good and well-maintained condition. This machine is used for the automatic loading, stacking, and dispensing of empty pallets, making it ideal for warehouses, logistics centers, and production companies with a continuous pallet demand. The PalManager ensures ergonomic, safe, and time-saving pallet handling and can be easily integrated into existing conveyor and packaging lines. Technical data: Manufacturer: SOCO SYSTEM A/S Model: PALMANAGER Machine no.: 20-182-PALM Year of manufacture: 2020 (week 39/2020) Pallet capacity & dimensions: - Capacity: up to 14 empty pallets - Max. total weight: 500 kg - Pallet type: Euro pallet (EPAL) - Pallet size (L × W × H): 1200 × 800 × 150 mm Electrical & pneumatic data: Ncodjx H Iigjpfx Adter - Voltage: 1 × 230 V - Frequency: 50 Hz - Rated current: 0.2 A - Max. short-circuit current: 10 kA - Compressed air: min. 0.6 – max. 1.0 MPa - Air consumption: approx. 28.8 Nl / cycle Features & equipment: - Robust industrial construction - Enclosed safety housing - Compact, space-saving design - Integrated control panel - Automatic pallet separation - Reduces manual handling and downtime - Ideal for automated logistics and packaging lines Condition: - Used - Very good, well-maintained condition - Fully functional Scope of delivery: - SOCO SYSTEM PALMANAGER pallet magazine - Delivery without pallets - Documentation by arrangement Inspection & collection: - Inspection by prior appointment possible - Collection from location in Norderstedt - Loading / transport by arrangement Original price: €25,000

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, BUSKRO BK700 printer. System on MikroJet HVT305 vacum transport table and MikroJet MJ360 receiving table (no photo). Equipped with two print heads and MikroJet Type 6521 UV fusing system. Compose IQ software. Machine in working order in continuous operation. Inspection and testing possible. Njdpfx Aoq T N T Tsdtjcr In addition, I attach for replacement: 2x set of conveyor belts and 3x UV lamps.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, overall weight: 315 kg, total length: 1,840 mm, total width: 1,180 mm, total height: 1,000 mm, VRF SYSTEM PANASONIC U14ME2E8 40 KW Cooling capacity: 40 kW (27/19°C - 35°C) Heating capacity: 45 kW (7/6°C - 20°C) Year of manufacture: 2017 Type of refrigerant: R410a Number of fans: 1 pcs. Compressors: 2 pcs. Copeland (scroll) Ncjdpjqz Uciefx Adtor Dimensions: 1.84 x 1.18 x 1.00 m Weight: 315 kg Condition: Excellent CONDITION, TESTING & READINESS The chiller / kaltwassersatz / undergoes seven stages of technical inspection and operational parameter verification. It is also tested at our own test station, with connection to water (or glycol) and adjustment of parameters according to your requirements. After testing, you will receive a detailed report with the operating performance and the overall condition of the chiller. The chiller / kaltwassersatz / is ready for transport and commissioning. Our engineers will assist you with cooling capacity calculations, selection of the appropriate cooling scheme, and configuration of the required equipment options. WARRANTY & SUPPORT The quality of the equipment is confirmed with a warranty ranging from 6 to 36 months. By purchasing a chiller / kaltwassersatz / from us, you also receive: - refrigerant charging; - replacement of oil and the refrigerant filter (for used chillers); - technical support. LOGISTICS - Worldwide delivery available - Support with loading, export documentation, and logistics coordination Get a detailed consultation. Photos, videos, and a full testing report can be provided immediately upon request.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2005, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 0505-V00-003, load capacity: 80 kg, stroke length: 1,500 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Transfer weight: 80 kg Lift (arms): 1,500 mm EQUIPMENT Ncodpfxjyfu Rgs Adter 1 magazine (20 pallets) 20 pallets, System 3R GPS 240 Clamping plate 20-M10 Modular SPREITZER clamping block/fixed block unit Set-up station with pneumatic swing clamp Zero-point clamping system System 3R GPS 240

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2014, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 1412-V00-288, load capacity: 50 kg, stroke length: 1,450 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Nodpfx Ajyfu D Hodtocr Transfer weight: 50 kg Stroke (arm): 1,450 mm Magazine: 60 pallets EQUIPMENT Sliding plate for WorkPal 23 pallets, System 3R Macro 70 Mechanical centric vises SPREITZER MZQ 110-60 PA

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, load capacity: 150 kg, stroke length: 1,500 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Ncjdpfx Adjyfuwgetsr Transfer weight: 150 kg Lift (arms): 1,500 mm MACHINE DETAILS Number of magazines: 2 Capacity per magazine: 12 pallets EQUIPMENT 12 pallets, System 3R GPS 240 with mechanical centering vise SPREITZER MZS 260-125 A 12 pallets, System 3R GPS 240 with mechanical centering vise SPREITZER MZU 170-60 Zero-point clamping system System 3R GPS 240

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 200 h, functionality: fully functional, total height: 4,820 mm, total width: 15,000 mm, total length: 20,000 mm, type of input current: AC, input voltage: 400 V, SOCO SYSTEM End-of-Line Packaging Line with Robotic Palletizer, Carton Erectors & Sealers (Year of manufacture: 2020) This offer includes our complete SOCO SYSTEM shipping and end-of-line packaging line, exactly as installed in our facility. The system is fully operational, well-maintained, and was used until recently for pallet dispatch. This line is ideal for companies with high shipping or packaging volumes that value automated, efficient, and modular packaging processes. The system can be taken over in full or in part – we are happy to advise you on the optimal configuration. Technical Equipment / Components - 2 x Carton Erectors BE-2300 ATS and BE-2200 ATS Automatic carton erectors for folding and sealing bottom flaps (self-adhesive tape, width = 50 mm). - Long Flap Spreader For precise feeding and alignment of cartons onto the main conveyor line. - Powered Conveyors & Labelling Sections Roller conveyors, curves, and distribution lines with integrated label transport. - Carton Sealer T-4000 with Tape Alarm Automated top carton sealing with self-adhesive tape. - Labeller LOGOPAK Logomatik 415-T (integration ready) Transfers cartons for automatic labelling and verification via scanner. - Palletizing Robot SOCO PRS-LRS-1218-H3 Industrial robot for fully automated palletizing according to customer-specific patterns. - Pallet magazine for 14 pallets Automatic provision of empty pallets. - Safety Features: Swing doors / light curtains, emergency stop interlinking, Type 2 control, controller, CE certification. - Additional Modules: T-55 with conveyor system and ball table, F-100 + T-2000 conveyor system, RAL 9006 special colour. Complete assembly, factory testing, installation, and commissioning included (original system price according to SOCO SYSTEM offer: €243,700). Function Description The line automatically erects cartons, seals the bottoms, conveys them on the main packaging conveyor, closes and seals the tops, labels and inspects them. Error-free cartons are then picked up by the robotic palletizer and stacked according to defined pallet layouts. The entire system is modular and can be integrated into existing production or shipping operations. General Information Year of manufacture: 2020 Manufacturer: SOCO SYSTEM A/S Condition: used / very good / immediately operational Njdpfsxdb Sasx Adtscr Location: Norderstedt (near Hamburg) Scope of delivery: complete shipping line including robot, sealer, and conveyor technology.