Used Marking Laser, Laser Marking, for sale (7,361)

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1997, Lifting capacity: 1.300 kg Max. sheetsize: 4.000 x 2.000 mm No. of cups: 19 pieces Bedpfxowavuks Al Aowu Size LxWxH: 480 x 200 x 250 cm Weight: 1.400 kg

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2000, Cast iron measuring and marking table with under-table cabinet, STOLLE MT1000. Table: 1000 x 1000 mm Bwedpfswffz Dsx Al Aju Height: 1000 mm Weight: approx. 650 kg In good condition.

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2021, operating hours: 4,000 h, laser power: 10,000 W, working range: 3,000 mm, Used Bystronic Bysmart 3015 fiber 10kw cnc laser cutting machine for sale Year: 2021 Technical specs / Details table length: 3000 mm table width: 1500 mm Bodpsucd Awjfx Al Aowu burner heads: 10,00 Watt / 10kw Bysprint / Bystar fibre laser Description Complete with: Auto focus Auto nozzle centring Nominal sheet size xy: 3000 x 1500 mm Cutting area xyz: 3048 x 1524 x 70 mm Positioning accuracy Pa: +/- 0,1 mm Repeatability Ps: +/- 0,05 mm Maximum workpiece weight: 890 kg Operation via panel: ByVision Touchscreen and manual control unit

Condition: good (used), Marking trolley floor marking device for professional markings Perfect Striper including holder for spare cans, marking device -Manufacturer: AMPERE, floor marking device Super-Striper -Line width: approx. 3 - 10 cm -Number: 3x marking device available Bwedpfx Alot Apm Ae Asu -Price per piece -Dimensions: 880/340/H835 mm -Weight: 6 kg/piece

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, operating hours: 9,000 h, laser power: 4,400 W, Used very clean Bystronic Bystar 3015 4.4kW for sale / flat bed industrial cnc laser for sale Bystronic ByStar 3015 4.4kW BRAND: BYSTRONIC YEAR: 2008 MODEL: ByStar 3015 APPLICATION TYPE: LASER CUTTING LOCATION: UNITED KINGDOM MACHINE TYPE: LASER CUTTING MACHINES (CO2) Fully Serviced and Well Maintained CONTROL UNIT BRAND: BYSTRONIC Technical Information BRAND: BYSTRONIC Bedsr Hcmrjpfx Al Aowu LASERPOWER: 4.4KW / 4400 watts LASER TYPE: CO2 LASER BRAND: BYLASER 4400 MOVEMENT X-AXIS MOVEMENT: 3000 MM Y-AXIS MOVEMENT: 1500 MM Machines hours: Cut hours: 9,000 ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT – BYPOS – CUT-CONTROL – 2 CUTTING HEADS (5″, 7.5″)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, A laser marker that can operate anything? Indeed! This is the Wattsan UV TT, an ultraviolet marker that works with a variety of materials, including leather, ceramics, glass, rubber, wood, leather, fabric, gems, organic and electrical components. The Wattsan UV TT is suitable for QR-codes, bar-codes, data and time, and any other images. This marker can operate big workpieces; the scanning tripod can be taken off and placed on the deck. Additionally, you may alter the machine's functionality by just switching out the lenses! You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan UV TT machine characteristics: Working area: from 75x75 to 300x300 mm Laser power: 3/5/10/15 W Machine size: 880x420x1000 mm Packing size: 960x500x1100 mm Weight: 82 kg Laser sourse: JPT Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 20 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. Bodpfer D Ngtox Al Aewu YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, power: 1,500 kW (2,039.43 HP), overall weight: 2,000 kg, table length: 3,000 mm, table width: 1,500 mm, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, This laser metal cutting machine can operate sheet material with a thickness of 3-4 mm. Wattsan 1530 can cut stainless steel, carbon steel, galvanized steel, copper, aluminum, and titanium. It features a working space of 1500x3000 mm. The loading rollers of the precise Wattsan 1530 E make material feeding easier. The E-series laser metal machine has a maximum travel speed of 80 meters per minute. Laser power can be up to 1,5 kw. The bed here is made of steel. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan 1530 E characteristics Working area: 1500x3000 mm Laser power: up to 1500 W Weight: 1900 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Bwsdpfxeiicwls Al Asu Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, power: 1,500 kW (2,039.43 HP), overall weight: 1,800 kg, table length: 2,500 mm, table width: 1,300 mm, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, This laser metal cutting machine can operate sheet material with a thickness of 3-4 mm. Wattsan 1325 can cut stainless steel, carbon steel, galvanized steel, copper, aluminum, and titanium. It features a working space of 1300x2500 mm. The loading rollers of the precise Wattsan 13250 E make material feeding easier. The E-series laser metal machine has a maximum travel speed of 80 meters per minute. Laser power can be up to 1,5 kw. The bed here is made of steel. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Wattsan 1325 E characteristics Working area: 1300x2500 mm Laser power: up to 1500 W Weight: 1620 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. Bsdpjiicw Eofx Al Aswu YOU CAN WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE RIGHT MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Matsushita NAIS ANL2535E LM Laser Analog Sensor, used, shows normal signs of wear, 100% functional, scope of delivery as shown in the photos. Bwedpoi Eb A Rjfx Al Asu

Condition: ready for operation (used), Meditec ML 4000 laser with control panel, serial number as shown in the photo, used, shows normal signs of wear and tear, 100% functional, scope of delivery as shown in the photos. Bodpfx Aloi Eb Dve Aowu NOTE: Please request a separate quote for packaging and shipping costs!

Condition: ready for operation (used), Accu-Sort-Systems 45L laser barcode scanner, serial number as shown in the photo, used, with normal signs of wear, 100% functional, scope of delivery as shown in the photos. Bwodpfei D Ttdjx Al Aou

Condition: used, marking prism, test prism, prism, angle prism, clamping angle, clamping prism, clamping cube, prism block -Marking prism: Prism block for marking plate, clamping plate, straightening bench ... 6 pieces -Prism width: 100 mm -Dimensions: 6x 250/140/H63 mm -Dimensions: see photo technical drawing Bedpfxeu T Tp Uj Al Aewu -Delivery/Price: complete -Transport dimensions: 250/280/H190 mm -Total weight: 75.1 kg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, power: 100 kW (135.96 HP), number of axes: 2, overall weight: 252 kg, table length: 1,600 mm, table width: 1,000 mm, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, This CNC laser machine has a working area of 1600x1000 mm and is intended for use by a big factory for 24/7. In addition, this laser engraver and cutter features a lighting table with a powerful chain that can hold workpieces weighing up to 80 kg. Wattsan 1610 LT will push your production to new heights. The Wattsan 1610 LT has a lowering depth of 160 mm. This model operates on wood, plywood, cardboard, paper, plexiglass, acrylic, plastic, rubber, leather, stone, etc. It also has a waste collection container that will make the work much more pleasing. You can give our managers a call for additional details! Bwodpfxeh Ucwce Al Aju Wattsan 1610 LT characteristics: Working area: 1600x1000 mm Laser power: 100-130 W Working table lowering depth: 160 mm Positioning precision: 0,03 mm Machine size: 1505 x 2200 x 670 mm + if it is on wheels 315 mm Packing size: 2300 x 1600 x 810 mm Weight: 532 kg Virmer provides not only prime machines but also service and delivery. Our engineers and managers are ready to answer all of your questions and provide video assistance if required. Also, owners of Wattsan equipment get lifetime online support. Virmer is located in the Netherlands and works all over Europe. Virmer is Wattsan's official supplier. We provide not only laser engravers, but also metal cutters, welders, markers and cleaning machines. Wattsan is a Chinese manufacturer, which has been creating laser equipment for almost 15 years and keeps evolving with the help of its clients. Thanks to feedback Wattsan made over 50 modernizations, which made machines more reliable, precise and powerful so you could upgrade your business up to the new level. WRITE OR CALL US! WE WILL SELECT THE MACHINE FOR YOUR TASK On our company you can find a wide range of machines and components: Laser Metal Cutting Machine; Laser Metal Machine, Fiber Metal Laser, Fiber Metal Laser Engraver; CNC laser machine for metal; Laser machine for wood; CNC laser machine; Laser engraving machine; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for plywood; Laser engraver; Laser cutting machine for metal; CNC milling machine; laser marker. Lenses; Chillers; Cooling system for machine; Chiller S&A ; IPG laser, MAX photonics, Raycus; Compressor; Rotary device; Mirror for laser machine.

Year of construction: 2012, condition: excellent (used), Used Trumpf Tru Laser Cell 7040 5 axis / 3d cnc laser for sale Type L13 Bwodoitvihopfx Al Aou Year 2012 4,000 mm (157 in) Y travel 1,500 mm, 2,000 mm (59 in) Z travel 750 mm, 1,000 mm (30 in) Cutting speed 100,000 mm/min, 173,000 mm/min (65.617 in/s) Laser power: 3.2kw / 3200 watt TruFlow 3200

Condition: used, mileage: 263,069 km, power: 154 kW (209.38 HP), gearing type: mechanical, fuel type: diesel, color: orange, overall weight: 16,000 kg, empty load weight: 9,840 kg, number of seats: 3, first registration: 06/2002, Year of construction: 2002, operating hours: 10,533 h, Equipment: additional headlights, cabin, hydraulics, Road marking machine: + Hofmann + H75-1000 + Thermoplastic + Electric heater (400V) Bodpfx Aljxal A Us Ajwu + Thermoplastic tank with gas heater and hydraulic agitator + Paint and bead spray left / right + Line segment computer + Rear and front warning system + CompAir DLT 0404 compressor with Deutz diesel engine (9,513 operating hours) + Kubota Diesel V1505 drive engine (22,975 operating hours) + Renault Midlum 210 chassis + First registered: 10.06.2002 + 263,069 km; 10,533 operating hours + 3-seater + Manual transmission with reduction gear + Hand throttle Unladen weight: 9,840 kg; permissible total weight: 16,000 kg + 813 cm x 250 cm x 325 cm (LxWxH) Receive all newly listed vehicles by email – sign up for our NEWSLETTER! Errors and omissions excepted, subject to prior sale!

Condition: good (used), Marking ruler, planing ruler, test ruler, straightening ruler, straightening beam, clamping plate, marking-spotting plate, measuring plate, measuring table, straightening plate, marking plate, test plate, control plate, precision measuring table -Inking ruler: 145 x 1515 mm -Dimensions: 145/1515/H265 mm -Weight: 99 kg Bwodsw H Nu Dspfx Al Asu

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: S36-0330, laser power: 80 W, Trotec Speedy 360 – CO₂ laser with a brand-new laser tube, fully serviced Invest instead of repairing – this Trotec Speedy 360 is ready for immediate use and impresses with its exceptionally well-maintained condition and a newly installed laser tube. For sale is a Trotec Speedy 360 CO₂ laser engraving and cutting system, which has only been used in a professional setting and has always been carefully maintained. The machine is in very good condition, both technically and visually, and is immediately available for productive use. A new laser tube was installed before the sale. This means you not only get a proven industrial laser but also benefit from one of the most valuable wear parts in new condition. This significantly reduces the investment risk and enables a direct start to production without additional follow-up costs. Proven Trotec quality The Speedy 360 has been one of the most powerful and reliable CO₂ laser systems in its class for years. Its high processing speed, precise positioning, and excellent repeatability make it the first choice for professional users in industry, crafts, and advertising technology. Whether for individual production or series production – the Speedy 360 consistently delivers precise results. Versatile applications The machine is suitable, among other things, for processing: ✔ Acrylic ✔ Wood and plywood ✔ MDF ✔ Leather ✔ Paper and cardboard ✔ Rubber ✔ Textiles ✔ Plastics ✔ Glass (engraving) ✔ Coated metals (marking) This makes the laser ideal for companies in the fields of advertising technology, sign manufacturing, model making, personalization, industrial marking, or prototype construction. Your advantages at a glance Bwsdpozlb Abjfx Al Aeu ✔ New laser tube – ready for immediate use ✔ Very well-maintained overall condition ✔ Precise engraving and cutting quality ✔ High working speed ✔ Proven Trotec technology ✔ Easy operation with JobControl ✔ Reliable industrial machine with high value retention Inspection is highly recommended We invite you to personally inspect the excellent condition of the machine. An inspection and a test run can be arranged at any time by appointment.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2019, operating hours: 14,669 h, Trumpf TruPunch 1000, 2019 X Working area max.: 2500 mm Y Working area max.: 1250 mm Operating hours: 14,669 hours Machine - C-frame - Coordinate guidance - Linear magazine with 20 positions for clamping blocks and tools - Hydraulic clamping blocks (2 pieces + 1 option) - Drives with maintenance-free three-phase motors - Post-processing unit with programmable positioning device - 1st stop pin (inside right) - Transfer chute Punch head - Electro-hydraulic punch head - Rotatable mono-tool holder - Programmable positioning device position - Tool length compensation - Spray lubrication for punch - Punch slug extraction - Forming function Control - TRUMPF control based on Rexroth IndraMotion MTX - Control panel with 15" TFT color screen - Integrated technology data - Teleservice interface via internet - Automatic shut-down - Program management - Production plan Data transfer - USB interface - RJ45 network connection Safety Bwsdjzmgi Nspfx Al Asu - CE marking - Multi-beam light barriers - Rapid shut-down of drives Extended standard equipment - Brush tables - Chip conveyor + chip container - Additional clamping block - Sheet thickness detection - Vibration-damped installation - Programmable support table - Sensor for transfer chute - Wireless operation point Extended punching technology: Multitool Thread forming

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2019, functionality: fully functional, warranty duration: 1 months, Equipment: documentation/manual, type plate available, ZEISS LineScan 2-50 optical laser line scanner, manufactured May 2019. Bwjdpfozvrmxjx Al Aou Manufacturer: Carl Zeiss MT GmbH Order No.: 600780-9441-000 Serial No.: 21901006 CE compliant, Laser Notice No. 50 (2007) Complete with case as pictured

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, laser power: 6,000 W, warranty duration: 24 months, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, safety light barrier, New fiber lasers from the HLB series - optimized equipment with an eye on the essentials - low acquisition costs Max Photonics resonator, Raytools auto focus cutting head guarantee high-quality, competitive laser cutting with minimal maintenance costs FURNISHING: Cutting head: Raytools - Auto Focus Resonator 6KW Automatic changing table including light barriers Suction: Welldone CE certified Cypcut control with touchscreen including online programming directly on the control Sheet format 3,000mm x 1500mm Connection value max. 30kW Installation area approx. 9,000mm x 3,000mm x 2,200mm The machine is included 12 month guarantee Installation Delivery within Germany and Software/operator training offered Optional: Offline programming CAD CAM software Libellula [CUT] Connect gases, electricity, done. In our exhibition we have various laser machines from our manufacturers under power and various materials for testing. We would be happy to invite you to come and cut your drawings or material. Bsdszyaf Ropfx Al Aowu We, the company H+S, have been an exclusive trading company and service provider for YAWEI machines for 20 years, of which we have been selling their fiber lasers for around 15 years. We have already installed more than 300 fiber lasers from YAWEI. Come and see for yourself in your area. Call us and visit us!

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, Numerically adjustable infeed fence Air flotation infeed table Anti-adhesive liquid spray system Pre-milling unit with diamond cutters Edge feeder for edge banding from coil or strips Bsdpfx Aszx Sxgol Aowu Glue station for GlueJet cartridges or L-Tronic laser technology 4 pressure rollers with pneumatic pressure adjustment Edge lubricant spray system Dual-motor precision end trimming unit with pneumatic angle adjustment Top and bottom edge surplus trimming unit (straight trimming) Numerically adjustable profile edge milling unit Flat scraper Profile scraper – two profiles Cleaning liquid spray system Pneumatically activated buffing units Pneumatically activated edge buffing unit Feed speed continuously adjustable from 10 to 25 m/min Automatic lubrication of the feed chain Frame support Minimum workpiece length: 140 mm Workpiece thickness: 8–60 mm Minimum workpiece width: 60 mm Year of manufacture: 2016

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2017, laser power: 3,000 W, X Working area max.: 2500 mm Y Working area max.: 1250 mm Control system: Basic Rexroth IndraMotion MTX Laser power: 3000 watts Standard equipment: Machine - Closed machine frame - Hybrid axis system - Linear magazine with 20 slots for clamping jaws and tools - Drives with maintenance-free three-phase motors - Follow-up device with programmable clamping beam - Foot pedal for clamping jaw closure - Beam protection - Dividing chute on the right - Part flap on the left - Sensor for part flap - Work area lighting - FocusLine - Protective tool TRUMPF Laser - Solid-state laser TruDisk 3001 with one laser beam cable (LBC) output - LBC according to standard layout (10 m) - Laser power control - Laser logbook function Bjdpfx Aezy Hpiel Aewu - Enclosed beam guidance via laser beam cable (LBC) The TruDisk laser is subject to international export control. According to EC Dual-Use Regulation 428/2009 (lasers covered under 6A005). Compact cutting unit - Solid-state laser compact cutting unit - Protective glass - Collision protection - ControlLine Punch head - Delta Drive - Rotatable mono-tool holder - Programmable clamping beam position - Tool length compensation - Spray lubrication for the punch - Scrap extraction - Forming function - Stroke counter for the punch Control system - TRUMPF control system based on Rexroth IndraMotion MTX - Touch panel with 19'' TFT color display - Integrated technology data - Programmable cutting gas pressure - Teleservice interface via Internet - Automatic shutdown including wake-up function - Program management - Production plan Data transfer - USB interface - RJ45 network connection - Central Link Safety - CE marking - Multi-beam light curtains - Protection against scattered radiation Extended laser equipment - Copper cutting package - Brass cutting package Extended punching equipment - MultiTool function - MultiBend function - Thread forming function with thread counter - Signing/fast beading function - Engraving function - Deburring and rolling technology function - Adaptive stroke calibration - Spray lubrication for the die and level monitoring - Smart Punch Monitoring Part removal - Integrated sorting function for dividing chute - Sensor for dividing chute - Container track for 4 standard containers - Containers supplied by the customer Special sheet metal processing - Brush tables - Loading and unloading aid for brush tables Options Compact dust collector - CO2 extinguishing system for the compact dust collector Data transfer - Wireless operation point SheetMaster Compact 2500x1250mm (AK05) - Suction frame - Unloading trolley for scrap grid and microjoint sheets - Loading station with spreader magnet for separating sheets - Double sheet detection - Vacuum sensor - 2nd operator station for loading and unloading - Compact installation (double-wing swing doors) - Peeling system

Condition: excellent (used), Eos EOSINT We are offering an Eos EOSINT plastic laser sintering system for sale. The EOS P380 system includes the following components: Build chamber container Powder container Overflow container 3DM 8-zone process chamber heater, 250°C Each zone individually adjustable, homogeneous temperature field ± 1°C Kelvin Build volume: 350mm x 350mm x 610mm Power supply: 3/N/PE/400V AC Frequency: 50 Hz Connected load: 8 kW Fuse protection: 32 A Maximum laser power: 100 W Laser class (open): 4 Laser class (closed): 1 Weight: 850 kg Bwodpfx Aezdyxlol Aou Model: EOSINT P 380 Condition: used Scope of delivery: (see picture) (Technical data subject to change and errors excepted!) For further questions, feel free to contact us by phone.

Condition: excellent (used), IPG Ytterbium Fiber Laser with Controller Here we offer an IPG Ytterbium Fiber Laser with controller. Bodpfjzdyyvox Al Aewu IPG Ytterbium Fiber Laser Type: YLP-C-1-100-20-20 Condition: used Scope of delivery: (See image) (Changes and errors in the technical data and specifications are subject to change!) We would be happy to answer any further questions you may have over the phone.

Condition: excellent (used), Here, we offer a laser beam source from Coherent. Designation: AVIA 355-X Operating hours: Diodes 43022/43022, Head 42955 Crystal Shifter: 1845.91 hours Wavelength: 355nm Excitation: diode-pumped Laser type: Nd:YAG laser Bjdpfxozdy H As Al Aewu Laser type 2: THG, Q-Switch Operating mode: pulsed Laser power: 10 W at 60 kHz Beam divergence: