Used Panel Saw Altendorf F45 for sale (17,268)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Welcome to Maschinenhandel Knipfer We would be happy to arrange a viewing of the machines on our premises by appointment. We are not always on site, so please call or write to us in advance. ━━━━━ Made in the EU. New machine, top quality! - CE marking - 7.5 kW main motor - Scoring saw - Swiveling electrically - 45° - Height adjustment electrically - Max. cutting height: 155mm - Sliding carriage can be locked in various positions - Wide and narrow dust extraction hood, quick to change - Max. saw blade diameter: 350mm - Extendable table extension on the crosscut fence - Crosscut fence extendable up to 330cm - Edge trimming shoe - Clamping device - Miter gauge - Weight: 1100kg - Sliding carriage 320cm x 40cm - Cutting width at the parallel fence 125cm - Dust extraction port 120mm - Speed indicator ━━━━━ CONTACT & CONSULTATION ━━━━━ Your contact person: Johannes Knipfer Tel.: Gewerbegebiet Ost 25a 92353 Postbauer-Heng ━━━━━ IMPORTANT NOTE All information is subject to change without notice. Technical changes reserved by the manufacturers. Price changes, interim sales and printing errors reserved. Prices apply to collection. Shipping possible for an additional charge and by arrangement. Illustrations may show optional equipment that is not included in the price. A forklift is available for loading. Todpfx Aemx R Efjl Asc

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, power: 3 kW (4.08 HP), input voltage: 400 V, input current: 16 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: AC, cutting height (max.): 1,900 mm, cutting width (max.): 3,200 mm, saw blade diameter: 250 mm, height adjustment type: mechanical, saw blade bore: 30 mm, actuation type: mechanical, rotational speed (max.): 5,500 rpm, rotational speed (min.): 5,500 rpm, cutting depth: 50 mm, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, saw blade guard, New vertical panel saw in perfect condition. Tsdpfoyr Hkxsx Al Asc Never used !

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, Used machine Year of manufacture 2000 special SCM guide system of the saw carriage. The arc-shaped arrangement between balls and running guides as well as the hardened contact surfaces ensure exceptional and constant precision the scorer can be swivelled in and out from outside without any problem; a special plate enables precise positioning the fence is extremely robust and can be used for both rip cuts and angle cuts; fast return to the initial position. The precise flip stops enable a direct reading of the dimensions over the entire length Todpfxjzlbr Ao Al Asc Table dimensions 830 x 1200 mm Saw carriage 1500 x 290 mm Cutting length 1500 mm Tilt of the saw blade 45° max. diameter main saw blade 300 mm max. diameter scoring saw blade 100 mm max. cutting height 90° = 95 mm max. cutting height 45° = 67 mm Saw blade speed 4000 rpm Scoring saw speed 8000 rpm Cutting width with parallel guide 1000 mm Diameter extraction port 100 mm Motor 4 kW Weight: 425 kg Availability: at short notice Storage location: Röllbach

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, Cutting length: 5300 mm Cutting height: 2100 mm Cutting depth: 60 mm Scoring saw: no Feed: manual Horizontal cut display: scale Vertical cut display: scale Saw blade diameter: 300 mm Swing-away material support: yes Saw blade speed: approx. 4000 rpm Tsdpjuix Eyefx Al Aec Motor power: 3 kW Machine length: 6500 mm Machine depth: 1500 mm Machine height: 3000 mm Weight: 800 kg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, Panel dividing saw Manufacturer: HolzHer Type: 6310 CUT 110 Year of manufacture: 2007 Technical data - Cutting length: 4250 mm - Cutting width: 5250 mm / reduced by 2550 mm to 2700 mm - Display on the right - Cut Control control system with touch screen operation - Angle pressing device on the right - Saw carriage with main/scoring saw control - Power: 18.5 kW / 2.2 kW - Manual adjustment of scoring saws in width and height - Grooving device with 2 groove height settings (groove depth adjustable from 2-12 mm, up to max. 9-19 mm) - Label printer TLP2742 - Cut-out device - Additional blowing device on the saw carriage - 3 additional support tables, 2400 mm, with drive system - Control cabinet on the machine side including speed monitoring with safety shutdown - Postforming unit including scoring unit - Automatic central lubrication - Closed pressure beam - Film cutting device Optional, at an extra charge: Extraction system Manufacturer: AL-KO Type: POWER UNIT 300P Year of manufacture: 2011 Technical data - V = 5089 m³/h Tjdpfjzuy Nlex Al Ajc - Vacuum: 2050 pA - Motor power: 7.5 kW - Suction nozzle 300 mm - 3 collection containers, 250 l each - Integrated extinguishing system Note: The technical data and descriptions are copies of the original order confirmation. The information is for informational purposes only and is not binding.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1978, used good condition cleaned functionality tested partially refurbished Manufacturer: Martin Type: T76 Year of manufacture: 1978 Machine number: V 102419 Steel guides Height adjustment, hydraulic Swivel adjustment, hydraulic Speed Carriage length mm approx.: 3300 Cutting width mm approx.: 1050 Max. blade diameter mm: 400 Swiveling up to °: 45 Dust extraction connection mm: 120 + 80 Space required approx. L x W x H mm: 3400x1800x1500 Weight approx. kg: 1000 Location: 97447 Gerolzhofen, free loading, unpacked Handover in the current condition as inspected, without guarantee or warranty Tedpfxszkvzio Al Aoc

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1993, Used machine Year of manufacture: 1993 Todozyy D Tepfx Al Ajc Equipment and technical data:

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1994, Cutting length 5300 mm, cutting height 2200 mm, cutting height 80 mm, manual feed, measuring system: scale, free-standing supports, rated current 21 A. Storage location: Nattheim. Tjdpsytrhrsfx Al Asc

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008394, Max. panel width: 3800 mm Max. panel length: 3800 mm Main saw blade projection: 55 mm No of Grippers: 4 Tedpfx Alsygtbtj Aoc

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, saw blade diameter: 305 mm, cutting length (max.): 4,200 mm, cutting height with scoring (max.): 70 mm, feed rate X-axis: 40 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 50 m/min, saw drive: 90,000 W, space requirement length: 4,200 mm, space requirement width: 4,200 mm, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, scorer, Technical Main Data: Cutting length: 4200 mm Cutting height: 70 mm Saw blade diameter: 305 mm Scoring blade diameter: 200 mm Saw motor: 9.0 kW EM 4149 Scorer motor: 1.1 kW (can be switched off) Feed speed: 2–40 m/min (infinitely variable) Rapid return: 50 m/min Table dimensions: 4200 x 4250 mm Operating system: Linux (incl. USB, LAN, remote maintenance) Monitor: 15" flat screen with multifunction keyboard Features & Special Equipment: Automatic forward and return movement of the saw unit with lowering function Externally adjustable scorer—no need to open the safety cover 3-stage cutting height setting LA 4143 7 recesses in the clamp beam for residual cuts (min. 5 mm) Material feed table with servo drive, rack-and-pinion guide, 7 clamping fingers Air cushion tables HP 5025 & HP 5085 with abrasion-resistant “Pertinax” laminate top OPTIMIN optimization software for automatic cutting plan generation Cutting plan display & graphical workflow overview Remote maintenance via TeamViewer and Remote Desktop Condition & Service: Condition: Very good Functionality: Fully operational Tjdpfx Alewrn Rbe Asc Warranty: 12 months CE-compliant and tested for dust emissions (limit < 2 mg/m³) Reliability in Continuous Operation: This machine is used worldwide under extreme conditions. Whether in the dry climate of Africa or in high humidity environments like Southeast Asia (e.g., Thailand): the PA 4137 operates reliably in three-shift systems, 365 days a year—renowned for its exceptional stability and endurance. Warranty: We are so confident in the quality and stability of our machines that we offer a 7-year warranty on the machine frame and guideways. (Electrical supply parts and wear parts excluded.) Flexibility & Customization: We offer various models and equipment variants to suit every budget. Additionally, we provide tailor-made special solutions according to your requirements. Extensions & modifications available upon request 📞 Contact us for a customized quote or to schedule a viewing appointment. Machine available from stock. Delivery, commissioning, and training optionally available.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, Used Machine Year of Manufacture: 1999 Features and Technical Specifications: - For cutting all types of veneer - Tight joints and tear-free - Cutting length: 3020 mm - Opening height: 60 mm - Cutting height: 45 mm - Motor: 1.8 kW - Saw blade speed: 8700 rpm - Saw blade diameter: 180 x 16 mm - Includes a planing unit that can be coupled with or decoupled from the sawing unit - Horizontally and vertically adjustable - Joining blade head 85 x 50 mm, with 4 reversible blades - Front support table is adjustable (ball-bush guide) - With front support table and dust duct - Sliding stop from the front via position indicator - Veneer clamping via pressure beam using two external pneumatic cylinders - Rear support table with recessed measuring tapes and stop rail Tjdezlbtyspfx Al Asc - Dimensions: 4780 x 1560 x 1290 mm - Weight: 520 kg Availability: Immediate Location: 63934 Röllbach

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2014, functionality: fully functional, operating hours: 11,900 h, Cutting dimensions: 4300x4300 mm Blade diameter: 350 mm Label printer Total power: 20.9 kW Maximum cutting speed – 130 m/min, steplessly adjustable Maximum pusher speed – 90 m/min Todpjzz N Nbefx Al Aec Maximum cutting height – 80 mm Four air tables Automatic scorer adjustment Year of manufacture – 2014 Operating hours – 11,900

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, - Saw motor: up to 19 kW at 2930 rpm, 50 Hz - Scoring motor: 1.5 kW at 2830 rpm, 50 Hz Panel dividing saw Manufacturer: Schelling Type: FM-H 430 Year of manufacture: 2005 Technical data Infeed speed: Forward: 0-25 m/min Reverse: 80 m/min Saw feed speed: Forward: up to 120 m/min Reverse: 120 m/min Saw motor: up to 19 kW at 2930 rpm, 50 Hz Scoring motor: 1.5 kW at 2830 rpm, 50 Hz Clamping opening: 113 mm Tjdpfx Ajzuy Disl Asc Cutting straightness: +/- 0.1 mm over a cutting length of 3 m Dimensional accuracy: +/- 0.2 mm length, +/- 0.2 mm width, +/- 0.3 mm diagonal Main saw blade: Diameter: 450 mm Inner bore diameter: 30 mm Saw blade thickness: 4.4 mm Number of teeth: 72 Scoring blade: Diameter: 200 mm Inner bore diameter: 20 mm Saw blade thickness: 4.2 / 3.5 mm Number of teeth: 36 Edge scoring blade: Diameter: 220 mm Inner bore diameter: 20 mm Saw blade thickness: 4 / 4.8 mm Number of teeth: 2 x 24 Note: The technical data and descriptions are a transcript of the original order confirmation. The data is for informational purposes only and is not binding.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1992, Max. cutting width: 5300 mm Max. cutting height: 2200 mm Saw blade diameter: 300 mm Max. processing thickness: 80 mm Saw blade bore: 30 mm Bottom support: Fixed rollers Saw head pivoting: Manual Saw feed: Automatic Extraction: External extraction Approx. weight: 1500 kg Motor power: 5.5 kW Storage location: Nattheim Tedpfsvvkq Tsx Al Aoc

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2009, machine/vehicle number: 5014 BP, functionality: fully functional, cutting height (max.): 1,600 mm, saw blade diameter: 250 mm, empty load weight: 500 kg, cutting depth: 55 mm, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! TECHNICAL DETAILS Max. cutting height, vertical: 1,600 mm Max. cutting height, horizontal: 1,550 mm Max. cutting depth: 55 mm Max. saw blade diameter: 250 mm Arbor hole saw blade diameter: 30 mm MACHINE DETAILS Tsdszdzy Rjpfx Al Asc Voltage: 400 V Current consumption: 6.6 A Fuse: 16 A Power: 3.0 kW Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 4,200 x 1,200 x 2,450 mm Weight: 500 kg Transport packages: 1 EQUIPMENT Horizontal cutting Vertical cutting

Condition: new, Holzkraft L invincibile si 3 BLADE OFF sliding table saw BLADE OFF safety system - exhibition machine- ----- Technical specifications ----- Supply voltage: 400 V, Mains frequency: 50 Hz, Scoring motor power: 1.3 kW, Drive motor power: 9.0 kW, Format sliding table length: 3200 mm, Format sliding table width: 360 mm, Table length: 1040 mm, Table width: 630 mm, Cutting width with parallel stop: 1500 mm, Max. cutting width to the left of the sawblade: 3200 mm, Trimming length: 3200 mm, Sawblade inclination: 90 - 45°, Max. cutting height 90° with 400 mm sawblade: 120 mm, Max. cutting height 45° With 400 mm saw blade: 89 mm, Saw blade speed: 3000 - 5000 rpm, Scoring saw blade diameter: 120 mm, Scoring saw blade speed: 8500 rpm, Length approx.: 7250 mm, Width/Depth approx.: 4460 mm, Height approx.: 1770 mm, Net weight approx.: 1307 kg, Extraction nozzle diameter: 100 and 120 mm The BLADE OFF system detects potential hazardous situations early and prevents them by retracting the saw blade into the machine table in a fraction of a second. Todpfxsv Nhg Se Al Aoc With the help of sensors, the system is able to distinguish between the workpiece and the operator. An LED light in the saw blade guard indicates with a green light whether the safety system is active. Controlled via the 15" eye-S control console. Connection to the SCM Thundercut (optimizer/sequence control app) is possible. Three longitudinal stops with integrated digital displays. Electrically adjustable parallel stop. Start/stop buttons for the main and scoring saw blades integrated in the sliding carriage. Special guides and an innovative curved grinding system enable the edger carriage to have a fourfold higher load capacity. Ball-bearing telescopic arm ensures greater stability and smoother workpiece guidance. Equipment Two-axis scoring unit with automatic positioning Anodized aluminum sliding table On/off switch on the sliding table for the main and scoring sawblade motors Trimming frame with angle-adjustable aluminum telescopic stop Material roll on the trimming frame Motorized saw parallel stop via control panel Three longitudinal stops with integrated digital displays Eccentric clamp Control of sawblade height, tilt, and parallel stop Pivoting control panel on top Table extension Table extension Sawblade pendulum protection - new exhibition machine -

Condition: excellent (used), Horizontal Panel Beam Saw - With rear lifting table Numerical Control MCS Evolution Software SIEMENS WinAC RTX Outside Roller table for pre-loading (mm 5600 x 2200) + Pre-Loading Buffer Lifting table (mm) 4300 x 2200 Turning device (rotating unit) at 90° No. 2 Rear pushers (one with clamps / grippers) Twin Pusher - DUPLUS2 No. 12 clamps / grippers Max. cutting width (mm) 4300 Useful stroke of the pushing system (mm) 4300 Max blade projection (mm) 145 Max clamps opening (mm) 150 Scoring Unit (max saw diameter / power) 200 mm Tedot Ah Nijpfx Al Ajc Main Sawing Unit (max saw diameter / power) 480 mm - Kw 27 Adjustable speed of the saw carriage (m/min) 6 - 150 Front supporting tables with Air blowing system (N.) 4 Total power (Kw) 42 (ca.) OPTIONAL: Optimisation software: HPO

Condition: excellent (used), Panel Beam Saw - Without rear lifting table Numerical Control MCS Evolution Software Windows XP Rear pusher With No. 7 clamps / grippers Max. cutting width (mm) 4300 Useful stroke of the pushing system (mm) _____ Max. blade projection (mm) 105 Max clamps opening (mm) 105 Tsdpfeu A R D Dex Al Asc Scoring Unit (max. diameter saw) mm 200 Main Sawing Unit (max. diameter saw / power) mm 360 - Kw 18 Adjustable speed of the saw carriage (m/min) 0 - 160 No. 3 Front supporting tables with Air blowing system Total power (Kw) 35

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: G-KR127757P, Laguna Fusion panel saw, good condition, 1450 watts, 1118 mm table length, 792 mm table width, 79 mm cutting height, 3800 rpm, 110 kg Todpfjvw Ec Tex Al Ajc Prices subject to change, errors, printing and typesetting errors reserved

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, Used Machine Year of manufacture: 2002 Features and technical specifications: - Cutting area: 4200 x 4200 mm - Maximum cutting height: 80 mm - Saw blade overhang: 92 mm - Main saw motor: 11 kW - Scoring saw motor: 2.2 kW Tjdpfszycqvjx Al Ajc - Total electrical power rating: 19.5 kW, 41 amps - Required air pressure: 8 bar - Exhaust capacity: 4,000 m³/h - Sawing speed, continuously variable: 0–70 m/min - Rip fence speed: 0–80 m/min (maximum output: 25 m/min) - Main saw blade: 350 x 4.4 x 30 T 72 TF - Scoring saw blade: 180 x 4.4/5.4 x 30 T 28 VR (tapered) - Weight: approx. 6,000 kg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, - Panel length: 4.5 m - Panel height: 2.2 m - Without scoring blade Used vertical panel saw Manufacturer: Holzher Type: 1255 Year of manufacture: 2002 Not refurbished - no warranty Todpfszuyyksx Al Aec Technical data - Panel length: 4.5 m - Panel height: 2.2 m - Without scoring blade Note: The technical data and descriptions are taken from the original order confirmation. The data is for informational purposes only and is not binding.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, Angular panel saw with automatic pre-loading and twin pusher system for optimised cutting Osi Plus Numerical Control Os Labelling labelling machine with on-board graphic labelling with part drawings Label printing management software Optiplanning Cutting Optimizer Cutting length mm 4500 Cutting width mm 2200 Blade projection 95 mm Motorized rollers for lateral loading on lifting table 4500 x 2200 mm. The translation speed is 10.8 m\min (50hz) - 13.1 m\min (60hz) Automatic recognition of the lost panel (martyr panel) based on the thickness specified in the machine data Low battery stop Automatic side loading buffer. Includes: perimeter nets, double photocell, push-button panel, predisposition electric for the two motorized pre-rollers and the amplification of 4 rollers in place of the fork passages in the pre- intermediate roller conveyor Pre-loading side roller conveyor dim 3800 x 2200 mm with motorized rollers (height from the ground 325 mm) Inertial conveyor for conveying longitudinal trimmings for angular systems 4500 mm (total length 7295 mm) 3000 mm extension to the inertial conveyor to also convey transverse trimmings Long chute for manual conveying of cross-cut trimmings to the centralized inertial conveyor 2050 x 850 mm air curtain discharge table with wheels at the front Air generator up to 6 floors with air curtain MULTIPUSHER 2.4 system with automatic lubrication Tjdpfjuc Idxsx Al Aec Additional mobile lateral aligner on the transverse plane. The presence of this device allows to reduce from 1830 to 1220 mm is the minimum length of the panels that must be sent for cross-sectioning. Automatic blade shaft bending detection device for angular systems (longitudinal and transversal) consisting of a sensor that detects the deflection directly on the blade shaft and a device that detects the revolutions blade directly on the spindle. Remote cycle start button panel Automatic panel loading via rear lifting table Automatic double aligner with pneumatic cylinders Additional movable lateral aligner on the transverse plane Main blade, max diameter mm, KW 15 Scoring blade, max diameter mm, KW 2.2 Blade carriage speed 1-140 m/min. – BRUSHLESS motors Longitudinal pusher carriage speed 90 m/min. Cross pusher carriage speed 135 m/min. Double pusher carriage with 6 grippers on the longitudinal carriage + 10 grippers on the transverse carriage (8 fixed grippers + 2 on the multi-push system) Cutting system for thin panels

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008021, Max. panel width: 4300 mm Max. panel length: 2200 mm Tjdpfxjy Nkygo Al Ajc Main saw blade projection: 125 mm No of Grippers: 11 Panel Rotation Station: yes Thin sheet loading: yes Vacuum sheet loading: yes

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, Offer: SCHEER PA 8504 FLAGSHIP Panel Saw We are offering a state-of-the-art PA 8504 panel saw for sale. The machine has a table length of 4200 mm, a stop depth of 4650 mm, and a cutting length of 3100 mm. Machine specifications: - Maximum cutting height: 105 mm, with continuously variable cutting height adjustment - Automatic saw unit, continuously adjustable feed speed (2-100 m/min), return speed 130 m/min - Automated scoring saw adjustable via keyboard - Fully automatic angle clamping device - Two air cushion tables for optimal material processing - Slider with parallel stop and 6 adjustable clamping fingers for precise support - Integrated cross alignment unit and four-spindle lifting table (3100 x 2200 mm), loadable from both sides *The machine can be customized to your requirements, as we specialize in custom machine construction. Technical Features: - Powerful 11.0 kW saw motor, 2.2 kW scoring motor - Residual cut device for efficient work - Siemens PLC for control, with guard lock and integrated extraction ducts - Complies with CE guidelines Tedpfewlnqusx Al Aoc Operating Ease: - 19" flat screen in the pivoting control panel - Modern Windows 10 operating system with graphical display of cutting plans - Wireless network capability (compatible with Windows, Linux, Mac, and Novell networks), remote maintenance and regular updates possible - Optional: Cutting plan optimization in the office (ARDIS) and label printing during sawing This machine offers you the most precise processing, maximum flexibility, and modern operating comfort. For further information and to arrange a viewing appointment, please contact us directly!

Condition: new, Panel saw HOLZ-HER 1255 SECTOR pro - Exhibition machine - Cutting height 2,200 mm Cutting length 5,300 mm Vertical perfection from HOLZ-HER The vertical panel saws from HOLZ-HER combine proven technology from over 50 years of experience and a rock-solid design that offers you a unique price-performance ratio. offer you a unique price-performance ratio. Your advantages: - Fully welded frame Extremely high rigidity - Precise cutting quality - Finished cut for immediate edge banding - Powerful saw motor with 4 kW output - Space-saving panel layout with a installation area from 4 m² - Smooth and ergonomic operation TRK extraction system (optional in all CE countries): Workstations must meet the highest requirements when it comes to health and safety. HOLZ-HER saws are among the cleanest and safest in the safest in the world. Accessories The extensive range of accessories extends from convenient digital dimension displays through to our our patented Super Cut plus scoring system. TECHNICAL DATA Vertical panel saw for cutting panel-shaped wood materials wood-based materials such as chipboard, MDF, veneer panels, multiplex, etc, veneer panels, multiplex etc. Basic machine: Completely welded frame with extremely high rigidity. Precise guidance of the saw beam / saw unit saw unit for an accurate cut. Manual feed feed for vertical and horizontal cutting. Cutting depth: max. 60 mm Todpfju R Syiox Al Asc Saw beam: Sturdy saw beam guided on precision guides. Pneumatic locking of the saw beam at the top and bottom. Electrically monitored in vertical cut Saw unit: Smooth and ergonomic operation for plunging and and removal of the saw unit. Immersion lever can be lever can be folded down in the upper position for precise immersion of the saw unit. Generously dimensioned lever for easy pivoting. Housing cover opens the complete opens the complete saw unit for easy tool change change incl. ProLock quick-action chuck. Light cut-out: Riving knife can be retracted. Control panel: Efficient operation of the machine. Ergonomically positioned at eye level. Lower workpiece support: Sturdy, wear-free stainless steel support. Support up to the cutting line: Narrow workpieces cannot tip or fall through Extraction: Effective extraction with two connections: Saw unit Ø 120 mm, frame end Ø 100 mm (with TRK variant) Lifting roller transport system: Manually liftable and lowerable rollers for easy and and gentle panel transport. Measuring tape: For displaying dimensions for horizontal cutting with three manual dimension displays: Absolute dimension from the lower workpiece support Absolute dimension from the middle workpiece support Serial cuts from the top edge of the panel This offer is an equipment package. The following items and options are already included in the price: - Sliding grid - Manual longitudinal stop for vertical cutting - Digital dimension display for horizontal cut - 3 adjustable stop points in the saw beam - TRK SH 2.200 suction device - Strip stop for recurring horizontal cuts - new exhibition machine -