Used Beverage Bottle Packaging Production Line for sale (33,450)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, Overview This complete filling line for non-returnable PET bottles was manufactured 2004 by the german manufacturer KRONES. The line was running as a non returnable bottle filling line. The line is designed for high-capacity beverage production, handling up to 12,000 b/h and is in a good condition.    Technical Data - Capacity: 12,000 bph (at 1,5L); 14,000 bph (at 0,5L)  - Filling product: carbonated water and soft drinks with 15°C and 8,0 g/l CO2 - Bottle Formats: 0,5L and 1,5L PET CSD - Cap Formats: PCO 1810 - Contiroll labelling station 2-3-340 for wrap-around label from a reel with hotmelt and 2 x cold glue labelling station 8-8-130 for paper label - Packaging formats: shrink wrapping with/without carry handle (3x2) - Pallet: 4 x ¼ Plastic pallet (600 x 400 mm); 2 x Half-size pallet (800 x 600 mm) on Euro pallet (1.200 x 800 mm)  - Application: CSD - Hygienic design - condition: good technical condition, dismantled - blow molding, filling and capping machine as a block system   Scope of Delivery Blow Molding Machine | KRONES | Contiform S08 | 2004 Compressor | Kaeser | only Booster grade | 2004 Filling/Capping | Krones| Mecafill VKP-PET 2880-80-113 | 10 capping heads | 2004 Mixer | KRONES MSF 24/2 | vacuum-assisted deaeration | Brixmeter | CO2-meter Velcorin | Burdomat II G | 2004 Bottle inspection | KRONES | Checkmat FM-G Fill height (underfill) and cap control Labelling machine | Krones| Unimodul 600-15 | 2004 Bottle inspection | KRONES | Checkmat E | Label Check existence | 2004 Date stamping | Excel 170i UHS | 2004 Shrink Packer | KRONES | Variopac FS-30 | 2004 Handle Application | Comag | H 40/2 | 2004 Palletizer | KRONES | Robot 3A Hjdeyb Sa Dspfx Ac Iont Palletsafety | Lachenmeier Multi Flex 1

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2011, functionality: fully functional, total height: 3,950 mm, total width: 6,691 mm, The complete packaging line is ready for immediate use. The Rovema MVP 280/400 (2011) was fully overhauled and rebuilt in 2022/2023 by DL Packaging and has seen only limited use since then. Available for type of packaging: Block bottom bag and Pillow bag. The packaging line consists of: Product infeed conveyor Multihead weigher (10–1,000 g, up to 65 weighings/min) Rovema MVP 280/400 packaging machine (2011) Hnedpfx Acozi Ebcs Ijt Markem-Imaje printer Stand-up pouch device including 1 set of forming parts Format set for flat bags (250 mm) Discharge conveyor for finished bags Frame for stable, vibration-free installation of the multihead weigher: approx. 2800 × 2800 × 2200 (H) mm, made of painted steel, including stairs and handrails The machine is equipped with a Siemens S7 control system and operator interface and features a sealing system for heat-sealable packaging materials, including PP films as well as laminated films with a thickness of 50 to 100 µm. A complete packaging solution ready for immediate production use.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2015, Overview This complete bottling line was manufactured in 2015 by KOSME and consists of a depalletizing system, rinser/filler/capper block, labeling machine, and full conveyance. The line is designed for high-quality beverage bottling using isobaric probe-valve filling technology and is suitable for products such as beer, carbonated beverages, kombucha, and specialty drinks. With a compact rotary layout and a capacity of up to 135 bottles per minute, the line offers an efficient and hygienic solution from depalletizing to labeling. The equipment becomes available as the line has been dismantled and prepared for shipment. The goods can be delivered to Port of Rotterdam (Incoterms 202) upon request. Technical Data  - Capacity: up to 135 bottles per minute (BPM) - Bottle formats: 12 oz (installed) with change parts for 22 oz / 24 oz - Filling product: beer, carbonated beverages, kombucha, functional drinks - Filling system: isobaric probe filling with electronic level control - Fill range: 12 oz – 24 oz containers - Labeling system: cold glue labeling - Bottle detection: integrated bottle burst detection system - Construction: all stainless steel, high-hygiene design - Cleaning: automatic CIP capability - Operation: touchscreen HMI with recipe and product management - Electrical supply: built for 460Y / 265 V | 3 phases | 60 Hz (US power supply) - Note: frequency / voltage converter required for non-US markets - Condition: machine basically in good condition, dismantled and ready to ship Scope of Delivery  - Depalletizer | KOSME / Semidepal | 2015 - Rinser / Filler / Crown Capper (Monoblock) | KOSME | Barifill | 2015 - Labeling Machine | KOSME | Flexa 600 (Cold Glue) | 2015 - Bottle Conveyors | KOSME | – | Included | 2015 Hnedpfx Aoyigigsc Ist Additional Information - Manuals included - Basic tooling and format change parts for 12 oz and 22 oz included - Additional documentation available upon request - All conveyance lines included - Dismantling team available to supervise reinstallation and recommissioning - Utility specifications (air, CO₂ / gas) available upon request

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: LC618, Used Automatic 18.9L bottling line 500 BPHTechnical Specifications & Performance DataThis automatic bottling line is engineered specifically for large 18.9L bottles, delivering dependable performance for washing, disinfecting, filling, and capping. Designed as a complete, synchronized system, it provides consistent throughput and accurate operations across all stages.Production speed: 500 bottles per hourTotal output: 9450 liters per hourBottle format: 18.9LProcess stations: Washing, disinfecting, filling, cappingFilling heads: 6Operation: Fully automatic lineApplication: Ideal for high-volume, large-format bottle handlingAdvanced Automation & Control SystemsThe line operates with automated sequencing across each station to maintain stable throughput and reduce operator intervention. Controls support straightforward start/stop and changeover procedures to keep change times minimal and maximize uptime.Automatic cycle control for synchronized washing, disinfecting, filling, and cappingCentralized operator interface for status monitoring and adjustmentsSensors and interlocks to help ensure reliable bottle handling and cycle completionQuick setup for 18.9L format with consistent, repeatable settingsProduction Line Integration CapabilitiesThe system is designed to function as a complete line for 18.9L bottles and can be integrated with upstream and downstream handling equipment. Its layout supports straightforward connection to conveyors, accumulation, and packaging stations where required.Inline operation as a complete bottling unit for large-format containersCompatible with standard conveyor interfaces for infeed and dischargeOptimized handling for 18.9L bottles with stable transfer between stationsSuitable for beverage production where large bottles are requiredMachine Condition & Maintenance HistoryThe line has been barely used, limited to trial run operation only. It is fully functional, ready for testing, and in production-ready mode. This minimal use profile provides a strong opportunity for those seeking a second hand, used bottling line with near-new wear characteristics.Condition: Barely used (trial run only)Status: Fully functional and ready for testingOperational readiness: Production-ready configurationOperational Performance & VersatilityPurpose-built for 18.9L bottles, the system provides reliable cycle execution and steady output. The six-head filling section balances throughput with filling control appropriate for large volumes. Pre-filling treatment via washing and disinfecting helps support product quality within beverage production and industrial packaging workflows.Consistent performance for large-format bottle fillingIntegrated pre-treatment (wash and disinfect) prior to fillingAutomated capping aligned with 18.9L bottle handlingSuitable for beverage production environments requiring large containers Hedpfxsy Ai Hfs Ac Isnt

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, machine/vehicle number: LC591, Used complete bottling line for CSD in PET and glass - 8000 bphTechnical Specifications & Performance DataThis complete used bottling line is engineered for beverage production with PET and glass bottles. Optimized for water and carbonated soft drinks, it combines reliable filling, labeling, and end-of-line packaging with robust utilities and process equipment. The line integrates components from reputable manufacturers to deliver consistent quality and uptime in industrial packaging environments.Production speed: up to 8,000 bottles per hourCompatible bottle formats: 0.33L, 0.5L, 0.75L, 1.0L, 1.5L, 2.0LContainers: PET and Glass bottlesMain filler/capper/rinser: Sinkrofill 40/50/10/10, 50 filling heads, 3–5 capping headsBlow molder: Easy Blow 4L (4,200 bph nominal)Labelers: Gernep Rollfed 8-480-1RA (foil/OPP) and Gernep Soluta 10-640 3SK (paper), up to 10,000 bphPack & handle application: SMI LSK 30 T Ergon shrink wrapper, SMI Pack HA-25 SX handle applicatorPallet logistics: Sinkrotech APM-6000-JU palletizer; Atlanta Mytho-A pallet wrapper; auxiliary manual wrapperProcess & utilities: GEA pasteurization station HTF 3000PIN/19; GEA CIP station; Trane Tracer CH535 CGAX/SXAX chiller; Therminus steam boiler (456 kW); Kaeser compressors (CSDX 165 and N 502-G boosters)Inspection & coding: FT System control for volume/cap/label; Hitachi UX printerAdvanced Automation & Control SystemsThe line features modern automation and quality assurance for stable operation and repeatable product quality. A PLC-controlled architecture coordinates rinsing, filling, capping, labeling, and packaging, while inline inspection and coding ensure compliance and traceability.PLC/HMI: PLC installed for centralized control and recipe managementInspection: FT System for volume, cap presence/position, and label verificationElectrical: 400V, 50 Hz, 16A reference (component level)Coding: Hitachi UX inkjet printer for date/lot markingChangeovers: Designed for multiple bottle formats across PET and glassSafety: Standard guarding and emergency-stop circuits across stationsProduction Line Integration CapabilitiesBuilt for flexible beverage production, the line integrates upstream preform handling and blow molding with downstream conveying, labeling, and packaging. Vetromeccanica air conveyors and line conveyors provide smooth bottle transport and accumulation.Upstream: Preform conveyor and hopper, Easy Blow 4L blow molderConveyors: Vetromeccanica Eolo air and line conveyor systemsFormat flexibility: 0.33L to 2.0L across PET and glassEnd-of-line: Shrink packaging, handle application, palletizing, and pallet wrappingUtilities integration: Chiller, steam boiler, compressors, air tanks, water... Hnsdpfx Acjyhbibe Ijt

Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 2 h, condition: reconditioned (used), functionality: unexamined, For sale is a complete PET bottle recycling washing plant for processing used PET bottles into clean PET flakes. The plant is designed for a production capacity of approximately 1,000 kg/h and is suitable for recycling companies, plastics processors, and companies that want to industrially sort, shred, wash, and dry PET bottles. According to the documentation, the water-contacting components are made of SUS304 / stainless steel 304. Technical Specifications Feature Specification Plant type PET bottle recycling and washing plant Capacity approx. 1,000 kg/h Raw material used PET bottles End product cleaned PET flakes Residual moisture ≤ 1% Flake size approx. 14 mm, adjustable Proportion 8–12 mm ≥ 90% Fine granulate ≤ 3% Powder content ≤ 5% Installed power 238 kW Power consumption approx. 153 kW/h Water requirement approx. 6–8 t/h, recyclable Working area approx. 59 × 4 × 6 m / approx. 208 m² Hnodozhifijpfx Ac Ijt Personnel requirement approx. 9 people Plant scope The line consists of the central machines for the complete recycling process: Conveyor belts Bale opener / De-Baler Label remover Manual sorting station Metal detector Plastic mill / Crusher Screw conveyor Float-sink washing systems High-speed dewatering machines Hot steam washer High-speed friction washer Zig-Zag label blower for label and dust separation Storage or product silo Electrical control cabinet Description This PET washing plant is designed for the industrial recycling process of post-consumer PET bottles. The process begins with the feeding of the compressed bottle bales, followed by bale opening, label removal, manual sorting, and metal detection. Subsequently, the bottles are shredded and cleaned in several washing, friction, and dewatering stages. The plant features a hot steam washer that operates with water at approximately 90–95 °C and, together with cleaning agents, removes oil, dirt, adhesives, and label residues. The flake stream is further cleaned via float-sink washers to separate caps, label residues, and other foreign substances. The final drying takes place via high-speed dewatering units. The result is clean PET flakes with a residual moisture content of a maximum of 1%, suitable for further processing, e.g., granulation, extrusion, or recycling into plastic products.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2019, operating hours: 200 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: N/A, Equipment: head guard, A robust capper for applying roll-on-pilfer-proof (ROPP) caps to bottles Great condition - hardly used. Hedpfx Ajx E S Nusc Isnt Capacity: 400-600 bottles per hour, depending on operator Benchtop operation 4 roller stainless steel capping head Heads can be changed on the machine to allow the application of different sizes of cap with the same machine Stainless steel frame and case Dual push-button safe operation 2 x 28mm capping heads (one for transparent labels and one for standard labels)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, For sale is a complete, modern production line for manufacturing and processing electric motor stators, produced by the reputable NIDE Group (year of manufacture: January 2017). The machines are fully automated (CNC/PLC control) and formed a cohesive production flow within the facility. The equipment has CE certification. The complete line consists of 5 processing stations: Coil Winding Machine: Model RXL2-160. Winding Inserting Machine: Model QX1-150/160. Middle Forming Machine: Model Z2XJ1-160/190. Double Side Lacing Machine: Model BXIIL1-160/160 (with a rotary table integrated into the process). Hnodozuukqepfx Ac Iot Final Forming Machine: Model Z3XJ1-200/210T (with its own hydraulic power unit). Along with a comprehensive set of tooling! We also sell the original toolboxes containing mandrels, forming heads, and dies, which enable quick changeovers for production (as seen in the photos). The line is ready for loading from the warehouse in Ostrzeszów. Please contact us.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, Overview This complete filling line for non-returnable glass bottles was manufactured 2003 by several well-known European producers, mainly Sidel. The line is designed for high-capacity beverage production, handling up to 40,000 b/h and is in a good condition and designed for 3-shift 24/7 operation.  Technical Data - Capacity: 40,000 bph (at 0,25L) - Bottle Formats: 0.25L, 0.33L, 0,5L - Packaging formats: • 4x6 x 25cl • 1x12 x 25cl • 24x25cl • 24x30cl • 4x6 x 33cl • 6x4 x 33cl • 1x12 x 33cl •24x33cl • 20x50cl  - Application: beer, CSD, or other beverages in non-returnable glass bottles - Hygienic design - Automated change-over  Scope of Delivery Pallet Transport (Depalletiser) | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / GEBO | 2003 | SWEEP-OFF/B Bulk Depalletiser | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / GEBO | 2003 | SWEEP-OFF/B  Pallet Transport (Palletiser) | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | LINEAR Tray and/or Carton Palletiser | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | LINEAR Pallet Shrinkwrapper | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / MSK | 2003 | ECONOTECH/TOWERTECH Pallet Labeller | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / Logopak | 2003 | LOGOMATIC 920 II PF Basket Erector | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / H&B Schleuter | 2003 | TLA Fourpack Transport and Divider | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / H&B Schleuter | 2003 | TLW Hnodpfx Aoyb Tucjc Iet Basket Inserter | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / H&B Schleuter | 2003 | TLE Carton Packer | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / FANUC | 2003 | ROBOKOMBI Carton Closer | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / Bortolin | 2003 | MARA H.M Carton Marker 1 | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / Domino | 2003 | A-Serie Inkjet Printer Carton Marker 2 | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / Domino | 2003 | A-Serie Inkjet Printer Weight Checker | Prisma | 2003 | 10D3 Full Carton Inspection | BBull / Centro Kontrollsysteme | 2015 | Image VKK 500 Bottle Conveyors | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | TRANSPORT Carton Conveyors | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | TRANSPORT Crown Cork Feeder | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | SM80 Rinser | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | EUROTRONICA LP Filler | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | EUROTRONICA LP Crowner | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | EUROTRONICA LP C.I.P. | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | AUTOSAN Fill Height Control | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / Heuft | 2003 | SPECTRUM TX Tunnel/Bottle Pasteuriser | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi | 2003 | PAMA CLD 50/144 Bottle Coding on Necklabel | Mundi-Technology | 2015 | Mundiscan UP2000 HE Labeller | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / Krones | 2003 | Topmodule Type 407 Bottle Inspection & Sorting | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / Krones | 2003 | Checkmat type 707 Tap tone | Sidel / SIG Simonazzi / Krones | 2003 | TapTone 500 Series

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2018, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 0700922, input voltage: 400 V, type of input current: three-phase, KÖNIG ECO TWIN 800 WITH CLASSIC REX T6/5S SK58 – 2018 Complete König line for the automatic production of rolls and bakery products. Year: 2018 The line consists of a König Classic Rex T6/5S dividing-rounding machine combined with an Eco Twin 800 pre-fermentation and shaping line. Features: * Manufacturer: KönIG * Model: Eco Twin 800 * Year: 2018 * Dividing head: Classic Rex T6/5S * Piston size: SK58 * Weight range: 35 to 85 g * Operation in 5 or 6 rows * Nominal width: 800 mm * Eco Twin capacity: * Up to 5,040 pieces/hour in 6 rows * Up to 4,200 pieces/hour in 5 rows * Maximum capacity of the Classic Rex head: * Up to 9,000 pieces/hour in 6 rows * Up to 7,500 pieces/hour in 5 rows * Integrated pre-fermentation * Siemens Simatic control * Integrated elongation roller * Automatic product depositing onto baking sheets * Several interchangeable stamping tools available * Quick tool changes * Cutting/stamping station depending on configuration Products that can be produced: The line allows for the production of a wide variety of rolls, including: * Round rolls * Stamped rolls * Kaiser rolls * Cut rolls * Elongated rolls * Elongated and cut rolls * Elongated and stamped/pressed rolls * Double rolls * Various special shapes depending on the stamping tool used Several stamping tools are available with the line. The Eco Twin is a compact and versatile line that allows for the production of a wide variety of products with quick changeover times. Hsdpfx Ajzyv Nrjc Ient Machine can be viewed and tested by appointment. Photos, videos, and additional technical information available upon request. Photos taken before cleaning.

Condition: excellent (used), ABE CraftCan35 canning line for 330 and 440ml aluminium cans, with 5 fill heads, and the rinser/blower addition, and the modified inlet conveyor to accommodate a date coder print head. Upgrade of much of the tubing to standard metric versions (6mm) vs the default 1/4 fittings the line was built with. Walk round video available. Hnjdpfsyq Ezyjx Ac Iot

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, Overview This PET filling line was manufactured in 2002 by Krones (Germany). The line is designed for carbonated beverages such as beer or lemonades, and also suitable for water with or without CO₂. With an output capacity of up to 12,000 bph (0.5 L), it offers a complete solution from bottle blowing to palletizing. The line is being sold due to modernization of the PET division and replacement with a higher-capacity system. Equipment is in good condition and still fully operational. Technical data  - Line capacity: - 12,000 bph at 0.5 L - 9,000 bph at 1.0 L - 8,000 bph at 1.5 L - 6,000 bph at 2.0 L - Formats: 0.5 L, 1.0 L, 1.5 L, 2.0 L - Neck finish: PCO 1810 - Max. bottle diameter: 106 mm - Products: Beer (+4 °C), Kvass and lemonades (+10 °C), still and carbonated water - Labelling: Wrap-around, pre-cut paper labels, hot-melt Hnodpfxexhf Hij Ac Ijt - Secondary packaging: Film only (4×3 and 3×2) - PLC: Siemens S7-300 - Power supply: 400 V, 3PH, 50 Hz, TN-S Scope of Delivery - Blowing machine | Krones | Contiform S8 | 2002 | Incl. preform feeding, chiller, box titling unit - Rinser | Krones | Variojet | 2002 | Rotary - Filler | Krones | Mecafill | 2002 | Rotary, isobaric filler for CSD and beer - Labeller | Krones | SV 360-10-113 | 2002 | Rotary - Labeller | Krones | Canmatic 600-10 | 2002 | Rotary, hot-melt - Packer | Krones | Variopac FS-45 | 2002 | Film packer, 4×3 / 3×2 formats - Palletizer | Krones | Pressant Compact 1N | 2002 - Stretch wrapper | Robopac | Rotoplat | 2002 - Air conveyor | Krones | Airco S | 2002 | For blown PET bottles - Bottle conveyor | Krones | Synco S | 2002 | For filled and labelled bottles - Pack conveyor | Krones | Multico S | 2002 | For product packs - Pallet conveyor | Krones | — | 2002 | For pallet transport - Peripheral equipment | Krones | — | 2002 | Cap feeding system, hopper, valve manifold

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, machine/vehicle number: LC617, Used KRONES glass bottling line - 18000 BPHTechnical Specifications & Performance DataThis complete glass bottling line for spirits is a high-performance, used bottling line engineered around premium OEM equipment. With a nominal speed of 18,000 bottles per hour, it delivers reliable throughput for mid-to-high volume beverage production and industrial packaging. The line handles standard spirits formats with precision and is fully integrated from depalletizing to labeling and end-of-line packaging.Production speed: 18,000 bottles per hourBottle formats: Compatible with 0.7L, 0.75L, 1.0L bottle formatsContainer types: Designed for Glass bottle handlingKey OEMs: Krones (core line), Zalkin (capping), plus Hartness, MSK, Garvens, Videojet, Langenpac, Marsh, Mapex, GassnerPrimary modules and models: Krones Sensometic filler, Krones Variojet rinser, Zalkin T9/360 cappers (x3), Krones Prontomodul labeller, Krones Linapac autopacker, Krones Variocart C-40 case erectors (x2), Krones Variocol H-120 case sealer, Garvens E40-DMS checkweighers (x2), Videojet 3330 laser coders (x2)Years of manufacture (predominant): 2004 core line, with labeling and coding upgrades in 2015 and 2016Line scope: Fully integrated from depalletizing, rinsing, filling, capping, labeling, inspection, coding, packing, case forming and sealing, to conveyingAdvanced Automation & Control SystemsThe line features comprehensive automation across all stations to ensure stable, synchronized operation at 18,000 bph. Continuous multi-head capping from Zalkin enables consistent closure application. In-line inspection and weighing provide real-time quality control and automated rejection. Laser coding and case printing integrate seamlessly for traceability and compliance within beverage production.Integrated controls for coordinated machine operation and changeoversIn-line inspection (fill level/visual) and checkweighing with automatic rejectLaser coders for high-speed, permanent coding on glass containersEnd-of-line automation including autopacking, case forming, and sealingProduction Line Integration CapabilitiesEngineered as a cohesive, second hand packaging system, the line offers end-to-end integration and stable handling of glass bottles. It is suitable for spirits bottling with format flexibility across common 0.7L, 0.75L, and 1.0L sizes. The conveyor network covers container, pack, and pallet levels, supporting streamlined material flow and efficient accumulation.Inline operation from depalletizer to labeller and end-of-lineFormat flexibility across 0.7L, 0.75L, and 1.0LFull conveyor network for containers, packs, and palletsCompatible with additional upstream/downstream equipment as requiredMachine Condition & Maintenance HistoryThis used bottling line has been maintained to a very high standard with regular OEM servicing. It is currently in production with excellent operational performance and strong reliability. Availability is planned for October–November 2026, allowing for structured decommissi... Hedpjyzz Hhofx Ac Ijnt

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, Overview  This compact filling line for cans and bottles consists of equipment from Wildgoose, Slowbeer, Enos Euro and Millipore and is designed for craft beverage production with flexible batch sizes. The line combines isobaric and atmospheric filling technologies and includes semi-automatic and manual machines for filling, capping, labeling, and product filtration. The core component is a Wildgoose WG1-CE filler (2021), capable of handling both cans and bottles with integrated seaming functionality. With its modular setup, the line is particularly suitable for small to medium-scale producers, pilot production, or specialty beverages such as craft beer, kombucha, cider, or soft drinks. Technical Data  - Capacity: - Up to 24 units per minute (atmospheric – Wildgoose) - Up to 16 units per minute (isobaric – Wildgoose) - Additional manual / semi-automatic filling capacity depending on configuration - Formats: - 20 cl – 1.5 L (depending on machine) - Container types: - Cans and glass bottles - Application: - Beer - Craft beverages - Kombucha - Cider - Soft drinks - Filling technologies: - Isobaric filling (carbonated products) - Atmospheric filling - Manual filling Hedpjyxr Anofx Ac Isnt - Filtration: - 3-stage microfiltration system (Millipore) - Configuration: - Modular / semi-automatic line - Condition: used, good condition Scope of Delivery - Can / Bottle Filler | Wildgoose | WG1-CE | Isobaric and atmospheric filling with integrated seaming; 16 cpm (isobaric) / 24 cpm (atmospheric); formats 33 cl / 50 cl | 2021 - Manual Bottling Machine | SCH | SCHPK6 | 6-spout manual filler; approx. 250 bottles/hour; formats 20 cl – 1.5 L | 2016 - Bottling Machine | Slowbeer | RI4 | 4-spout filler; approx. 350 bottles/hour; formats 22 cl – 1.5 L | 2012 - Labeling Machine | Enos Euro | Base | Semi-automatic labeler; approx. 28–30 units/min; formats 22 cl – 1.5 L | 2017 - Crown Capper (2x) | Slowbeer | Tap Air Corona | Pneumatic crown cappers; crown sizes 26 / 29 mm | 2012 - Microfiltration System | Millipore | 3-stage | Stainless steel construction; 3-stage filtration system | 2016 Additional Information - Seaming unit is integrated in the Wildgoose WG1-CE filler - The line allows flexible switching between can and bottle filling - Ideal for craft production with frequent product or format changes - Compact footprint and modular design  

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, Overview This returnable glass bottling line consists of equipment from KRONES, KETTNER, GM GERA, RINK, SYSCONA, MATEC, FALTERBAUM, Bohrer and further supporting manufacturers. The line is designed for the processing of returnable glass bottles in crates, mainly in 0.33 L and 0.75 L formats. It includes the key process steps from crate depalletizing, crate sorting, bottle decapping, unpacking, bottle washing, empty bottle inspection, filling and screw capping to labelling, full bottle inspection, crate packing, crate inspection and palletizing. The existing crate depalletizer and palletizer are available on site; however, due to their age and outdated technology, it is recommended not to include this unit in the line acquisition. Instead, suitable modern depalletizing equipment can be offered and integrated into the line concept according to the buyer’s requirements. The line has a nominal filling capacity of approx. 18,000 bottles per hour and the premix system rated at 22,000 L/h. The line is scheduled for dismantling in February 2027. Hjdpfxsza Tx So Ac Isnt Technical Data - Line type: Returnable glass bottling line - Application: Beverage filling in returnable glass bottles - Formats: 0.33 L and 0.75 L glass bottles - Packaging: Bottles in crates - Filler capacity: 18,000 bottles/hour - Premix capacity: 22,000 L/hour - Closure type: Plastic screw caps - Labelling: Wet glue labelling, 2 aggregates - Main machine years: 1996 – 2016 - Dismantling planned: February 2027 Scope of Delivery - Crate Depalletizer | Existing unit on site; not recommended for takeover due to outdated technology. Suitable replacement equipment can be offered and integrated - Crate Sorting System | Syscona | Expert KSA | Sorting on 2 lanes: good / bad | 2014 - Crate Decapper | RINK | KM 690/4K | 2012 - Crate Unpacker | Kettner | Robot Junior RA3/C-T | 1996 - Bottle Washer | GM GERA | ARCADE GEL3 FV1-186/95-16 | 2005 - Crate Washer | Bohrer | R 30 | Crate washing machine | 2011 - Empty Bottle Inspector | Krones | Linatronic | 2014 - Filler / Screw Capper | Krones | Volumetic / Modulfill | 2012 - Labelling Machine | Krones | Universella | 2012 - Closure Inspection | Syscona | Expert FHK | 2016 - Inspection System | Krones | Checkmat 731 | 2012 - Crate Packer | Kettner | 1996 - Crate Inspection | Krones | Checkmat 708 | 2011 - Palletizer | Matec | Rotomat 3B | 2002 - Falterbaum | 20000TD | Premix system; capacity 22,000 L/h | 2000

Condition: used, Consisting of: “Ishida” Multihead weigher Type CCW-M-214W-S/50-SS Heads: 14 pieces Performance: up to 2 x 30 weighing’s/min Filling weight (max. weight): 10.000 g Accuracy: Average value 0 to +3.0 g Weighing range: 5 - 10.000 g Max. volume: 12.500 cc (per individual weighing) Minimum division: 1g Display: Touch-screen display Power: 230V, 50Hz Connected load: 1,6 kW In good condition + Vertical flowpackaging line “Rovema” Type VPK360 - 14115 yoc 2001 Performance (mechanical) cycles/min: 120 roll width / diameter (max.) (mm): 770/450 (770 / 600 with front rollers) bag width (min. – max.) (mm): 80-360 Bag length (min . – max.) (mm): 200-600 Filling volume (max.) (cm³): 12000 Seal pressure (max.) (N ): 6000 (optional: 8000) Hodpezxdqzefx Ac Ijnt Program memory: Standard: 100 (optional: 1000) Dimensions: ( L x W x H) (mm): 2,435 x 1,680 x 2,015 mm Weight: 1,500 kg Mains connection (Volt): 230 / 400 Energy requirement (kVA): 8 Protection class: IP54 Compressed air connection: 6 bar Air consumption 6 bar (NI/cycle): 0.25 Machine color: Ral 9007L / gray aluminum Operating temperature (min. – max.) (°C) : +5 … + 45 Storage temperature (min. – max.) (°C): -30 … +60 Humidity (max. ) (%): 15…95; no condensation in good condition + Vertical flowpackaging line “Rovema” Type VPK360 - 14116 yoc 2001 Performance (mechanical) cycles/min: 120 roll width / diameter (max.) (mm): 770/450 (770 / 600 with front rollers) bag width (min. – max.) (mm): 80-360 Bag length (min . – max.) (mm): 200-600 Filling volume (max.) (cm³): 12000 Seal pressure (max.) (N ): 6000 (optional: 8000) Program memory: Standard: 100 (optional: 1000) Dimensions: ( L x W x H) (mm): 2,435 x 1,680 x 2,015 mm Weight: 1,500 kg Mains connection (Volt): 230 / 400 Energy requirement (kVA): 8 Protection class: IP54 Compressed air connection: 6 bar Air consumption 6 bar (NI/cycle): 0.25 Machine color: Ral 9007L / gray aluminum Operating temperature (min. – max.) (°C) : +5 … + 45 Storage temperature (min. – max.) (°C): -30 … +60 Humidity (max. ) (%): 15…95; no condensation in good condition + carton box former – Packaging machine “Paal” Type ELLE 3000 S Working capacity: Max. 14 cycles / minute Infeed capacity: Max. 34 bags / minute Format1 : Tray with sleeve Filling material designation: Stand-up pouch 4.0 kg Filling material dimensions: Approx. 240 x 105 x 370 mm Filling weight: 4.0 kg Grouping scheme: 1 x 3 standing Packaging type: Tray with internal, glued-in cover and cover protection Dimensions: Inlet height of filling material: 650 mm Outlet height of package: 500 mm Installation area: approx. 8000 x 6500 mm Please refer to the installation plan for the main dimensions (photo attached) 3 x 400V, 50Hz, 5kW Packaging machine: Type: Elematic 3000 LS/335 in good condition

Condition: good (used), 1 x Capping Machine, with lid feed and outfeed table. Suitable Cap Types Screw Cap, Jar, Foamer, Dropper, pre-formed ROPP Cap Diameters 18 – 70mm (extended to 90mm) Bottle Height 30 – 300mm Power Supply: AC220V/110V 50-60HZ Working Speed: 20-60 /min (depending on bottle and cap size and shape) Working Air Pressure: 0.4-0.6MPa Hedszzxd Ispfx Ac Isnt Dimensions: Approx 1930(L)x740(W) x1600mm(H) *Video available on request*

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 1,000 h, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 100,000 kg, Pellet production line of Italian manufacture. Renown brands of machinery like General Dies SRL, Miller SRL, FIDA SRL and other brands. Capacity of the line 1.3 tons per hour Pellet press General Dies TAU4 – 110kw Container with movable floor and hydraulic power aggregate Triple-Pass rotary drum dryer 2.5 tons catalog capacity (effective capacity up to 1.5 tons/hour) Transport divider for biomass separation Pezzolato PTH 660/700 (Wood chipper, possibly excepted from the line if buyer wishes so) Furnace for rotary drum dryer and complementary equipment Hammer mill “Miller SRL” 75 kw Transport conveyors for biomass transport Cyclon for dust removal Cooler silo for dust removal Weighing and packing equipment Electric cabinets for the entire line with cables Ventilation tubes for sawdust and wood chips transport Screw air compressor 860l Pump for grease dozing in central press lubrication system Included are additional pieces of equipment like filter silo bags, metal connections etc. Hnjdpfsi Akrksx Ac Iot (complete line is between 4 and 5 full trucks of equipment)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2015, KHS INNOFILL DVD 40 CAN FILLING LINE MAX SPEED: 34,000 CPH 330ML IN 24 PACK WRAPAROUND CARTON CURRENT SPEED: 24,000- 28,000 CPH IN SMALL WRAPAROUND CARTON 4/6/8/10/12 PACKS LOCATION: UK STANDARD CAN 330ML & 440ML LID 202 SLEEK CHANGEPARTS FOR FILLING BLOC AVAILABLE GPI PACKER ADDED IN 2018 ROBOPAC PACKER ADDED IN 2022 Hedetraaaspfx Ac Iont EQUIPMENT LIST: FIPAL MINIDEPAL 20 LA DEPALLETISER • TWIN LANE RINSER • KHS INNOFILL CAN DVD 40 FILLING BLOC 34,000 CPH • FERRUM F6 6 HEAD SEAMER • CSW DEVENTER LID FEED SYSTEM • HEUFT SPECTRUM TX • EURO SISTEMI CAN DRYERS • TELEDYNE TAPTONE INSPECTION • ROBOPAC PRASMATIC TC400 COMPACT CASE PACKER • FT SYSTEM CP600 TP TUR300 Z200 RAS001 • GPI QUICKFLEX 300 MULTI-PACKER • HITACHI INK JET PRINTER • PACKITAL LANER • COMPLETE CONVEYOR SYSTEM • FIPAL PAL 80 F PALLETISER • ATLANTA STRETCH REVOLUTION LS STRETCH WRAPPER LOCATION: UK VIEWINGS BY APPOINTMENT WELCOME. PLEASE GET IN TOUCH TO ARRANGE AN INSPECTION. INDASSOL.COM

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, Overview Complete PET bottling line for still mineral water in 6.0 L PET bottles with handle, max. 6,000 bottles/h. The heart of the line is an SMI ECOBLOC ERGON blow moulder-filler-capper combiblock, followed by handle application, rotary labelling and robot palletizing. Built in 2022, started up in 2023 and run only 3 to 4 times a year. Technical data Hodjz Ag U Depfx Ac Iont - Year of manufacture: 2022, start-up 2023 - Capacity: max. 6,000 bottles/h - Product: still mineral water - Container: 6.0 L PET bottle, single bottle with handle and EAN barcode - Preform: 100% rPET, 86.5 g - Closure: 48/41 cap - Pallet: Euro pallet Scope of Delivery - Blow moulder-filler-capper combiblock | SMI | ECOBLOC ERGON 6-20-5 HC EV | blow moulder for 6 moulds (moulds not included), filler with 20 filling valves, capper with 5 capping heads, cap sorter and cap elevator | 2022 - Discharge conveyor | SMI | bottle conveying from the combiblock | 2022 - Accumulation table | SMI | FIFO | for filled bottles | 2022 - Bottle divider | SMI | DV 500S ERGON | 1 lane in, 2 lanes out | 2022 - Drying tunnel | EUROPOOL | before the handle applicator | 2022 - Handle applicator | TWINPACK | double lane, with barcode applicator | 2022 - Drying tunnel | EUROPOOL | before the labelling machine | 2022 - Bottle combiner | SMI | 2 lanes in, 1 lane out | 2022 - Conveyor | SMI | from the accumulation table to the labelling machine | 2022 - Rotary labelling machine | P.E. LABELLERS | ROLLMATIC MODULAR TOP SL 960 10T | 2022 - Conveyor | SMI | from the labelling machine to the palletizer | 2022 - Palletizer | BEMA | 2 FANUC robots, interlayer device | 2022 - Electrical panels | main distribution panels with all components for all machines and conveyors | 2022 - Format parts and spare parts | all available format and spare parts Not included Pressco preform and neck inspection, Heuft fill-level and cap inspection, pallet wrapper, preform and cap feeding from the pallet tipper to the hoppers, high-pressure compressor for the blow moulder, low-pressure compressors, utilities, piping and wiring from the main distribution to the machine panels, civil works. Condition As-new condition, low operating hours. Annual preventive maintenance by the OEMs plus regular in-house maintenance. In production until the end of April 2026 and still installed; dry run on request, inspection by appointment. Electrical and mechanical drawings, PLC programs with backups, service and maintenance manuals and spare parts books are included. Availability From October 2026; the line must be dismantled by the end of October 2026. Dismantling, packing and truck loading can be arranged on request. Location: France.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, functionality: unexamined, EPAL Production line is for sale in Latvia Consists of: Wood lengthening machine - KALLFASS PFA-250 Pallet leg lengthening machine - Bohm & Kruse Pallet top nailing machine - ENGELER Pallet turning machine Chain conveyor Pallet nailing machine - Bohm & Kruse Marking/corner cutting machine - Bohm & Kruse, Type 3/24/1500 Milling machine Hnedpfx Acswgacrs Iot Roller conveyor Stacker - ENGELER ELEWFTORSTAPLER

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, Overview This returnable glass bottling line consists mainly of equipment from KRONES and selected components from other established European manufacturers such as Hormes, RINK and HEUFT. The line is designed for a nominal output of 33,000 bottles per hour and includes the main process steps from depalletizing to palletizing.  The labeling machine will be completed according to the buyer’s requirements, allowing the line concept to be adapted to the intended bottle and product portfolio. The line is suited for returnable glass beverage applications. Based on the listed machines, the line is structured for crate handling, bottle washing preparation, empty bottle inspection, high-capacity filling/capping and returnable crate repacking. For bottles with screw caps, the RINK machine can be used upstream of the bottle washer; for crown cork bottles, an additional format set is required as per your note. Technical Data Capacity: 33,000 bottles per hour Line type: Returnable glass bottling line Main machine years: mainly 1998 and newer Bottle type: Returnable glass bottles Closure types: Crown cork and screw cap Packaging type: Beverage crates / returnable plastic crates Filling system: Isobaric filling block by KRONES Special Notes: RINK KM 790/4K-3K QL: only for bottles with screw closure For crown cork bottles, a corresponding format set is required Labeling machine: will be completed according to customer requirements Scope of Delivery Depalletizer | Profipack | – | 2006 Decrater | KRONES | Linapac A-T 1600 | 1998 Crate Washer | Hormes | Crate Washer | 1992 Crate Decapper | RINK | KM 790/4K-3K QL | 2020 Bottle Washer | KRONES | Lavatec-KES | 1998 Empty Bottle Inspector | HEUFT | Spectrum TX | 2015 Filler Block | KRONES | Sensometic VPVI 77-103 / KK11 / SV11 | 1998 Labeling Machine | To be completed according to customer requirements Crater | KRONES | Linapac F-T 1800 | 1998 Palletizing system | Profipack | 2006 Pallet Wrapper | Robopack | 2006 Pallet Security | Vertical Strapping | 2006 Hedpfsytvyfox Ac Ijnt Additional Information: Bottle Formats: - 0.25 L Individual bottle – Ø 57.5 × 215 mm - 0.33 L Ale bottle – Ø 61 × 236.5 / 238 mm - 0.33 L Ale bottle – Ø 68.5 × 234.5 mm - 0.5 L Ale bottle – Ø 68.5 × 270 mm - 0.5 L Steinie bottle – Ø 70.5 × 174 mm - 0.5 L Bavaria bottle – Ø 70 × 260 mm - 0.5 L NRW bottle – Ø 67 × 260 mm - 0.5 L Individual bottle – Ø 82 × 295 mm - 0.7 L GDB bottle – Ø 79 × 290 mm - 0.75 L GDB bottle – Ø 79 × 290 mm - 1.0 L GDB bottle (light) – Ø 84 × 305 mm - 1.0 L AMG bottle – Ø 83.7 × 298 mm Crate Formats: - 5 × 4 – 400 × 300 × 300 mm - 6 × 4 – 400 × 300 × 270 mm - 5 × 4 – 400 × 300 × 210 mm - 4 × 3 – 355 × 275 × 345 mm - 4 × 3 – 400 × 300 × 330 mm - 5 × 4 – 355 × 275 × 255 mm - 5 × 4 – 400 × 300 × 290 mm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2024, machine/vehicle number: LC649, Used Complete Bottling line for vine - glass - 10.000 BPHTechnical Specifications & Performance DataThis complete used bottling line is engineered for high-quality wine production and industrial packaging applications. Centered around a Sympak Master Tronic 40/48/8-8 platform from 2005, it integrates depalletizing, rinsing, isobaric filling, capsuling, wirehooding, labeling, case handling, palletizing, and end-of-line printing. The system is optimized for glass bottles and includes microfiltration for beverage production quality assurance.Manufacturer: Sympak Bottling & Canning S.p.A.Main platform model: Master Tronic 40/48/8-8Manufacturing year: 2005Container types: Designed for Glass bottle handlingProduct types: Ideal for Wine production applications (still and sparkling)Filling principle: IsobaricFiller capacity: up to 16,000 bphCapsuling capacity: up to 7,200 bphLabeling capacity: up to 5,200 bphElectrical supply: 380 V, 50 HzInstalled power (main monoblock): 33 kWOperating pressure: up to 7 barTemperature limits: TS min 5 °C; TS max +85 °CStandards: CE marked; EN 60204-compliant control rulesAdvanced Automation & Control SystemsThe line incorporates industrial automation for coordinated operation across depalletizing, bottle preparation, filling, and end-of-line packaging. Safety interlocks, guarding, and emergency stop circuits are built in according to CE and EN 60204 electrical safety rules. The isobaric filling environment is pressure-rated for beverage production, supporting stable filling performance and product integrity.Production Line Integration CapabilitiesInfeed depalletizing, conveyors, bottle washer/rinser/dryer, isobaric filler, capsuling and wirehooding stations, labeling, coding, case forming/packing/sealing, palletizing, and stretch wrapping are harmonized for inline operation. The equipment mix supports traditional cork and synthetic closures and integrates microfiltration for quality control. Typical wine bottle sizes and formats can be accommodated through format changeovers as defined by the installed components. The overall line throughput is typically balanced by labeling and capsuling stages, with nominal outputs up to approximately 5,200 bph depending on product and format.Machine Condition & Maintenance HistoryThe line is presented in ready-for-operation working condition, with components noted as reconditioned in Italy. Routine service and reconditioning practices have been applied to ensure reliable performance across the integrated stations. The system reflects professional upkeep, maintaining production quality for industrial bottling and beverage production.Operational Performance & VersatilityDesigned for wine bottling, the isobaric filling configuration combined with dedicated capsuling and wirehooding enables both still and sparkling applications. The inclusion of a Win & Tech microfiltration unit enhances p... Hjdpfozd Ucxjx Ac Ijnt

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2013, Overview Complete filling line for non-returnable glass bottles with an output of approx. 16,000 bottles/h at 0.75 L and approx. 20,000 bottles/h at 0.33 L. The heart of the line is a KOSME BARIFILL RFC 50-60-10 VKP rinser-filler-capper block built in 2013. New glass is fed by a Krones sweep-off depalletizer from 2020; downstream, the line comprises Krones CHECKMAT cap control, a KHS INNOKET cold-glue labelling machine with camera-based label orientation, a Krones WRAPAPAC wrap-around packer and a GEA Procomac OPERA palletizing system with Robopac stretch wrapper and Logopack pallet labelling. An attractive mid-range line for water, soft drinks, beer, cider and other glass-bottle applications. Technical data - Year of manufacture: mainly 2013 - Capacity: approx. 16,000 bph at 0.75 L / approx. 20,000 bph at 0.33 L - Application: filling and packaging of non-returnable glass bottles - Filling system: short-tube VKP, 60 filling valves, 113 mm pitch - Rinser: 50 stations, single-channel, 113 mm pitch - Filler block electrical supply: 400 V, 50 Hz, 17 kW installed power, 38 A - Filler block compressed air: 6 bar, approx. 450 Nl/min; water: 4 bar, approx. 3.5 m³/h - Filler block weight: approx. 10,500 kg - Integrated foam cleaning; touchscreen HMI on articulated suspension arm Scope of Delivery - Depalletizer | Krones | PRESSANT UNIVERSAL 1A | sweep-off depalletizer for new glass, servo-driven four-sided centering carriage, pallet lifting unit, approx. 5,000 mm discharge table, approx. 48,000 containers/h | 2020 - Rinser-filler-capper block | KOSME | BARIFILL RFC 50-60-10 VKP | stainless steel frame, transparent protective guarding with safety interlocks, process piping, layout drawing available | 2013 - Capper | Zalkin | CA9 360 NG | 10 capping positions, approx. 22,000 bottles/h; capping heads included | 2013 - Cap control | Krones | CHECKMAT - Labelling machine | KHS | INNOKET KL2040/120-30 LM | cold glue, up to 26,000 bottles/h, camera system for label orientation, Siemens S7 control, new HMI touch panel 2019, formats incl. 0.33 L Longneck, Steinie and swing-top and 0.5 L NRW bottles | 2004 - Wrap-around packer | Krones | WRAPAPAC | 45 cartons/min, carton format e.g. 15 x 750 ml glass bottles, Nordson PROBLUE LIBERTY 14 hot-melt unit with automatic fill system | 2003 - Palletizer | GEA Procomac | OPERA | low-level infeed, automatic changeover of pallet patterns and pallet sizes, complete pallet conveying system, pallet magazine, mother pallet handling | 2009 - Stretch wrapper | Robopac - Pallet labelling system | Logopack - Conveyors | KOSME | bottle transport between the machines, line divider and discharge | 2013 Condition Used. The core of the line is installed in an industrial production environment and still under power; the rinser-filler-capper block underwent extensive maintenance in Q4/2025 and can be visited and inspected in operation on request. The labelling machine was in production until January 2025, was overhauled in 2019 and is currently in storage. The line is composed of components from several production sites. Availability Hedpfxozv Tu Dj Ac Ient From mid-December 2026. Location: Germany.

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER: 7816 TECHNICAL DATA DDCA - Surfacing cutter length: 180 – 845mm - Surfacing cutter width: 30 – 75mm - Surfacing cutter thickness: 10 – 45mm - Spindle diameter: 30mm - Max. disc diameter: 250mm - 5 spindles: - Left side: 1) Vertical upper: 2.2kW 2) Horizontal lower: 2.2kW Right side: 1) Vertical lower: 2.2kW 2) Vertical upper: 2.2kW 3) Horizontal lower: 2.2kW - Spindles adjustable up/down, left/right - Material pressure: 2 pcs - Smooth feed rate adjustment: 0-10m/min - Spindle diameter: 5x100mm - Dimensions (L/W/H): 1870/2230/1320mm DDGA - Width of workpiece: 35 – 130mm Hnedpfx Acozx Rkzs Ijt - Thickness of workpiece: 10 – 40mm - Minimum length of workpiece: 200mm - Spindle arrangement: 1) Lower: 5.5kW 2) Right: 5.5kW 3) Left: 5.5kW 4) Upper: 5.5kW - Spindles adjustable up/down - 6-blade heads fitted on upper and lower spindles - Spindle diameter: 40mm - Milling cutters fitted on right and left spindles, max. diameter: 50mm - Spindle diameter: 30mm - 2 feed rates: 4.9kW - Central chain lubrication via oil pump - Spindle diameter: 4x125mm - Dimensions (L/W/H): 3100/1300/1700mm ADVANTAGES - Polish made - 5 spindles - Unpainted - Very good condition - Used production line Net price: 52900 PLN Net price: 12600 EUR Net price calculated at an exchange rate of 4.2 PLN/EUR (Price may change in case of significant exchange rate fluctuations)