Used Tetra Pak Inline Standardization System for sale (47,963)

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Alfa Laval / Tetra Pak Cream Pasteurization Line Alfa Laval / Tetra Pak Cream Pasteurization Line | Piston Pump, Buffer Tank, Flowmeter, Pasteurizer Complete cream pasteurization line from renowned manufacturers Alfa Laval and Tetra Pak, equipped with high-quality pumps, valves, flowmeters, and control cabinets. The line is designed for hygienic and efficient cream pasteurization in the dairy industry. Capacity: 35,000 liters/hour Main components of the line: 1. Circumferential Piston Pump Manufacturer: Alfa Laval Type: DURACIRC 73 Serial Number: E256143 Year of Manufacture: 2021 Dimensions: 1600 × 600 × 800 mm Included: various valves and stainless steel filter housing 2. Stainless Steel Buffer Tank Tank dimensions: Ø 1100 × 1700 mm Total dimensions: Ø 1200 × 2900 mm 3. Alfa Laval Valves, Type: Unique SSV (6 pcs.) High-quality single seat valves for food applications 4. Flowmeter Manufacturer: Endress + Hauser Model: Promag P / Promag P Dimensions: 200 × 200 × 350 mm High-precision flow measurement for food-grade liquids Knsdpfx Aextu Ugodyoc 5. Centrifugal Pump Manufacturer: LKM Type: LKH 20/155 Power: 5.5 kW Production Number: 20-02319 Dimensions: 700 × 380 × 400 mm Stainless steel construction, suitable for CIP operation 6. Valve Manufacturer: Armaturen AG Type: MA9.31A6 5S Po Dimensions: 600 × 400 × 400 mm 7. Cream Pasteurizer Manufacturer: Alfa Laval / Tetra Pak Type: C10-SH Serial Number: 30104-38526 Year of Manufacture: 2003 Capacity: 1311 liters Operating parameters: Operating pressure (PS): 0 / 20.0 bar Test pressure (PT): 28.6 bar Temperature range (TS): 0 / 130 °C Dimensions: 5000 × 800 × 2200 mm High-efficiency heat exchanger system ensuring stable pasteurization 8. Centrifugal Pump Manufacturer: Pomac Type: CP29068/230 X 15 Serial Number: 22 818 Year of Manufacture: 12/2011 Capacity: 45 m³/h Power: 15.0 kW Dimensions: 950 × 400 × 500 mm 9. Nocado Valves (5 pcs.) Process valves for food applications 10. Control Cabinets Manufacturer: Eldon and IPBE Dimensions: 400 × 230 × 770 mm 1000 × 300 × 1000 mm The Alfa Laval / Tetra Pak Cream Pasteurization Line is a complete industrial solution with a capacity of up to 35,000 l/h, designed for high hygiene, precise process parameter control, and maximum reliability. Ideal for dairies, cream and milk fat producers.

Condition: good (used), Item: J-10505-Dairy Ice Cream plant Complete Ice Cream plant for diverse Ice Cream products, very nice condition. EU Capacity: - Tetra Pak Straight-line - Stick Bars. 5.000 pcs/h - Tetra Pak Comet, 5.000 pcs/h Plant consisting on: Pasteurization line Split system with capacity 1.000 l/h Tetra Pak Hoyer Frigus 600 Tekno Ice Frigus 600 - 3 pieces Ice Water pool Technofreeze CVT 30 Double Jacketed Tanks 1.000 L - 5 pieces Kedpfx Adjiiyu Hoyonc Air Screw Compressor Gas Heating

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2016, TETRA PAK CARDBOARD PACKER CBP 32 V400 NEW CONDITION, FOR MULTI CARTON FORMATS Kedpfx Adeylny Ujyenc LAST VERSION 600V YOM 2016 5477 RUNNING HOURS ONLY!! NORDSON PROBLUE FLEX UNIT NEW CONDITION LOCATION - POLAND READY FOR SHIPPING

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, functionality: fully functional, total width: 6,300 mm, total height: 2,100 mm, total length: 20,000 mm, working width: 2,600 mm, input voltage: 380 V, type of input current: three-phase, roll width: 2,600 mm, roller length: 7,600 mm, We offer this ready-to-use ICO SYSTEM reactive PUR hot melt press, model ICO SYSTEM, manufactured in 2005. ICO SYSTEM reactive PU hot melt press line – 2,600 × 7,000 mm For sale: complete industrial reactive PU hot melt press line for single-sided bonding of large sheet materials. This robust production line from ICO SYSTEM International Coating GmbH has been successfully used for years by TABB Interior Systems BV for the production of high-quality laminated sheet materials. The installation is in excellent technical condition, is fully operational, and can be put into production immediately. Key features: Reactive PUR hot melt bonding Maximum panel size: 2,600 × 7,000 mm Suitable for single-sided bonding Year of manufacture: approx. 2005 Fully functional and well-maintained PLC control with touchscreen Automatic vacuum portal for precise panel positioning Throughfeed system for controlled curing and constant pressing force Roller conveyors and transport tables included Suitable for: The installation is suitable for bonding a variety of flat sheet materials, including: Knedozlh Auspfx Adyoc plywood MDF HDF particleboard HPL composite panels aluminum and steel sheets various other industrial sheet materials. Production process The line is designed for an efficient and reproducible production process: positioning of the bottom sheet application of reactive PUR hot melt automatic placement of the top sheet using a vacuum portal passage through the heated press controlled curing and output of the finished product. Thanks to the automatic handling, large panels are produced quickly, accurately, and with consistent adhesive quality. Scope of supply The complete installation includes, among other things: ICO SYSTEM heated throughfeed system automatic vacuum portal with suction cups conveyor belts and roller conveyors control cabinet with PLC/HMI complete steel structure and handling. Condition The machine is fully operational, is still in use in production, and is available only due to a change in the production process. Inspection while running is possible by appointment. Interested? Please contact us for additional information, technical specifications, a demonstration, or an inspection. This high-quality industrial press line is ideally suited for companies that want to efficiently bond large sheet materials with a high-quality PUR hot melt bond.

Condition: ready for operation (used), TETRA PAK COMPLETE FILLING LINE, INCLUDES: - TBA/8-1000 SLIM FILLER, VERSION 120, YOM 2009, 27.000 RUNNING HOURS - CAP30 HELICAP23 100V CAP APPLICATOR - TCBP70 WRAP AROUND PACKER, V110 WITH RENOVATED EL. BOX - EASY RIDE ACCUMULATOR - CONVEYOURS SYSTEM Knsdpfxsxz Ezto Adysc EXCELLENT CONDITION, STILL RUNNING

Year of construction: 2001, condition: excellent (used), - TBA21/1000 FILLER V50, 15.000 RUNNING HOURS, - APPLICATOR TCA88, - WRAP AROUND PACKER TCBP70, V110, - EASY RIDE PRUS ACCUMULATOR Kjdpfx Ajfc I H Dodyjnc - CONVEYORS. EXCELLENT CONDITION - CONVEYORS. EXCELLENT CONDITION-STILL RUNNING TILL THE END OF JANUARY. OPTION: INSTALLATION AND START UP SERVICE

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, functionality: limited functionality, overall weight: 8,000 kg, type of input current: AC, Equipment: documentation/manual, Curd pre-pressing vat with a capacity of 12,000 litres and filling station cheese moulds from Tetra Pak Tebel. Year of manufacture 1999. In good condition, but with obsolete automation/PCL. We can provide PLC replacement and refurbishment on request. Available to visit. Documentation available. Kjdpfx Adsulnrvoysnc

Year of construction: 2021, condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, REF: MM6471 REF: MM6471 2021 CERTUSS complete steam generator system (Type – CERTUSS Universal 600 TC) with chemical dosing and blow-down vessel, automatically PLC controlled. The 2021 CERTUSS Universal 600 TC Complete Steam Generator System is a high-performance industrial steam generator designed to deliver reliable, energy-efficient process steam for continuous production environments. With a steam capacity of 600 kg/hour, the system is ideal for food and beverage processing, bakeries, meat and fish processing, ready meal production, pharmaceutical manufacturing, commercial laundries, chemical processing, and other industrial applications. Technical specification: ✅ Manufacturer - CERTUSS Dampfautomaten GmbH & Co. KG, Germany ✅ Model - Universal 600 TC FG/LPG. ✅ Serial number - 15716. ✅ Date of manufacture - 2021. ✅ Steam output - 600 kg/hour. ✅ Fuel - LPG (propane). ✅ Electrical supply - 3 x 415 V / 50 hz, 5.66 kVA, 16 A. Kedpfjzn Rcisx Adyonc ✅ Control - automatic, PLC. ✅ Run time - under 200 hours logged, according to the owner. Supplied with chemical dosing and blow-down vessel. Any further water treatment equipment is not confirmed. Located in Cullompton, Devon. Viewing by appointment. Buyer to remove.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2019, CAP 30 APPLICATOR 1000 SLIM FOR HELICAP 23 PRO: Kodpfxjyynd Ro Adyjnc YOM 2019 VERSION 400v 9.000 RUNNING HOURS NEW CONDITION

Condition: used, Iridex Type: Iridex OcuLight SLx Laser: IRIDEX Oculight SLx Tri-Mode 810 nm diode laser Description: Designed for longevity, with a thermal management system to enhance laser conversion efficiency and reliability. Improved user interface with conveniently arranged, easy-to-understand controls. Enables easy transport between rooms and offices. The Tri-Mode capability offers three different laser energy delivery modes: CW-Pulse, MicroPulse, and Long-Pulse. An extremely ergonomic user interface, infrared wavelength, and a wide range of delivery systems provide a broad spectrum of treatment options. Well-suited for retinopathy of prematurity and end-stage glaucoma. The CW-Pulse mode delivers energy in single or repetitive exposures. The LongPulse mode delivers laser energy over extended periods. The MicroPulse mode delivers laser energy in a series of short pulses, allowing for fine control of thermal effects. Features: Knedpfx Aezd Uubjdyec Application area: ophthalmology Amplifier medium: solid-state Ergonomics: table-top device Wavelength: 810 nm Treatment laser power: infrared diode laser 810 nm, 0–3000 mW Target laser power: red diode laser 650–670 nm, 0 to < 1.0 mW Delivery devices: EndoProbe, TruFocus LIO, portable SLAs, DioPexy, G-Probe, Large-Spot SLAs, LIO, and OMAs Exposure durations: CW-Pulse 10-9000 ms, MicroPulse 0.1-1.0 ms, LongPulse 10s-30 min No external air or water cooling required Weight: 6.4 kg Length: 10 mm Width: 30 mm Height: 30 mm Clinical applications: The Oculight SLx laser system can be used to perform retinal photocoagulation and glaucoma procedures. While this infrared laser (810 nm) can be used for conventional photocoagulation, it also offers some unique treatment options, such as: transscleral retinal photocoagulation for retinal tears and detachments, transscleral cyclophotocoagulation for refractory glaucoma, transpupillary thermotherapy photocoagulation for choroidal lesions, and MicroPulse photocoagulation below the threshold for diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Laser Indirect Ophthalmoscope (LIO) The TruFocus Laser Indirect Ophthalmoscope (LIO) is ideal for patients who are best examined and treated in a supine position. It features a unique optical design that eliminates the need to adjust the laser focus and allows for a wide range of working distances. Condition: used Scope of delivery: (See image) (Changes and errors in the technical data are subject to change!) We will be happy to answer any further questions you may have by telephone.

Condition: ready for operation (used), CAP30 APPLICATOR 1000 HELICAP23 PRO: YOM 2013 Knsdpfx Adew Nqn Neysc VERSION 300v 15.000 RUNNING HOURS PRICE 140.000 EUR FCA POLAND EXCELLENT CONDITION, READY FOR SHIPPING

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, TETRA PAK TBA 21-1000 SQUARE ASEPTIC FILLER YOM 2002 V050 52.000 RUNNING HOURS CAPACITY 7000 CARTONS PER HOUR VERY GOOD CONDITION Knedpfx Adex Agmysyec COMPLETED BY THE TCA88 1000 SQUARE APPLICATOR (SOME PARTS MISSED) DISMANTLED AND STORED IN POLAND, LASK CITY.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, Complete Tetra Pak filling line TBA/19 TBA 200 Slim, including: Filling machine TBA/19 TBA 200 Slim, Version 20V Straw Applicator Tetra Straw Applicator 21 Cardboard Packer TCBP 70 Year of manufacture: 2006 Knsdpfxszznpas Adyec In working condition

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2002, functionality: fully functional, Complete Tetra Pak filling line TBA/19 TPA 200 Slim, including: ● Filling machine TBA/19 TPA 200 Square, Version 10V, year of manufacture 2002 ● Straw applicator Tetra Straw Applicator 21 ● Cardboard packer TCBP 70 Ksdpozzr Igofx Adysnc In working condition.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 30107-34551, production capacity: 12,000 unit/h, TECHNICAL DETAILS Heating method: Steam Maximum temperature: 125 °C Flow rate: 6,000 - 12,000 liters/h MACHINE DETAILS Maximum pressure: 6 bar Knedpszia D Esfx Adyjc EQUIPMENT Integrated deaerator

Year of construction: 2008, condition: like new (used), LEWA Inline Dilution and Dosing Systems These mobile dosing units (2 units) are designed as inline dilution and dosing systems. They are used for the precise production and delivery of liquid mixtures/buffer solutions directly in the production process, without the need for separate mixing tanks. Dosing range: 1st unit 60 - 2,100 and 2nd unit 15 - 800 liters/hour LEWA Ecodos - dosing pumps for highly precise dosing of different liquids Diaphragm valves and pressure holding valves for exact pressure and flow regulation Static mixer, which homogenously mixes the added media Measuring and control technology such as flow meters, pressure sensors, pH and conductivity meters for process monitoring Control and operation: Simatic 15 Touch Panel PC 667 Controller: Simatic S7-300 Knodpfx Ajzl S Stjdyoc Data recording: Yokogawa DX 220 P recorder Liquid analysis system: Mettler Toledo M 700 Manufacturer: LEWA Year of manufacture: 2008 Space requirement: approx. 210 x 130 x 220 cm + approx. 150 x 90 x 165 cm

Year of construction: 2018, condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: M.66999.999.92, Take advantage of this unique opportunity to acquire an immediately available, like-new machine from the world-renowned premium manufacturer FRIMO. This is a fully assembled and 100% operational special machine for thermoforming/vacuum lamination, which, due to a cancelled project, never went into series production and is therefore in like-new condition. Machines of this type are often found in the premium automotive sector worldwide. One of the special features of this machine is its large forming area of up to 1,200 x 2,200 mm and its very flexible range of applications, due to its modular design and many special functions. Detailed description: Versatile ECO single-station laboratory machine or ECO single-station in-line machine for series production. Depending on the application, whether as a laboratory machine or for series production in in-line operation, and depending on the type of frame (fixed or adjustable frame), the maximum available forming area is defined. Forming areas: (with currently available frames) In-line operation: 810 x 2,205 mm (min. 465 x 490 mm) Single-station operation: 970 x 1,970 mm (min. forming area, linear: 465 x 490) With newly manufactured frame: Single-station frame, fixed: 1,200 x 2,200 mm & single-station frame, adjustable: 1,130 x 2,200 mm Linear frame, fixed: 1,200 x 2,200 mm & linear frame, adjustable: 900 x 2,200 mm Maximum lower tool or molded part height: 470 mm Maximum tool package height for installation with upper tool: 800 mm (821 mm) Maximum upper tool height: 650 mm Number of upper platens (molds and dies): 2 Machine equipment: - Movable heater - Chain rail for automatic film feed - Clamping frame or series frame can be used Different heaters available for interchangeable use, depending on requirements: - R5 0302 D vacuum pump (300 m3/h) - 1000 L vacuum tank - 6 cooling fans DNG 6-22.5 for accelerated cooling times (including cooling air with water cooling) - Maximum lifting capacity of lower and upper tools: 4,000 kg each 1.) IR heater (Ushio) 2.) Quartz heater (TQS) (Depending on the process and material, with its specific advantages) If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact us. Sincerely / Best regards Kjdpjzd Unbofx Adyonc i.V. Alexander Reizner Sales and Project Management Service FRIMO Innovative Technologies GmbH

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1994, functionality: fully functional, conveyor belt length: 15,000 mm, production capacity: 6,000 unit/h, For sale is a complete filling system from the manufacturer Tetrapak, consisting of the following components: TBA 8 filling system (year of manufacture: 1994) Tetra Cap Applicator 21 (Recap 3) (year of manufacture: 2003) Tetra Carton Packer 70 (year of manufacture: 2002) Inkjet printer EBS 6500 approx. 15 m of conveyor belts with motors and brakes Spare parts A list of the included spare parts can be found in the attached document. TECHNICAL DETAILS Production capacity: 6000 units/h Conveyor belt length: approx. 15 meters MACHINE DETAILS Operating hours filling system: 85,286 h Operating hours cap applicator: 36,416 h Operating hours carton packer: 38,626 h EQUIPMENT Tetrapak TBA 8 filler without pull tab Tetra Cap Applicator 21 (Recap 3) Tetra Carton Packer 70 Knsdpfx Adozh H Stsyec Inkjet printer EBS 6500 The machine's maintenance has been carried out exclusively by Tetrapak in recent years.

Year of construction: 2013, condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, REF: MM6423 Complete weighing and bagging system which has previously been used to pack frozen peas and vegetarian products into pillow packs. This system comprises of the following equipment: 1 x Infeed swan-neck conveyor with flighted belt mounted on mobile frame (stored outside). Date of manufacture - 2013. Belt width - 245mm wide. Knodpfx Adoy Um T Heyec 1 x Yamato Scale Dataweigh (UK) Ltd ADW-514AWCC 14-head multi-head weigher with dimple pans. Manufacturer - Yamato Scale Co., Ltd. Speed - up to 120 drops/minute (depending on product and weight). Weighing range - up to 1000g. Rated to IP66 (waterproof). 1 x Gantry unit with steps. Footprint dimensions - 5.7m long x 2.7m wide x 2.72m high. 1 x Gainsborough Engineering Ltd GV2K3 vertical form, fill and seal bagging machine. Manufacturer - Gainsborough Engineering Ltd. Date of manufacture - 2013. Sealing jaws: Horizontal - 360mm wide / Vertical - 420mm long. Packing speed - up to 60 packs/minute (depending on bag size). Bag size range: Smallest - 80mm wide x 80mm long / Largest - 320mm wide x 350mm long. Supplied with jaws for poly and laminate film, block-bottom and gusseted bags as well as 3 x forming tubes. Forming tubes: for forming pillow/’fin-seal’ packs measuring 130mm, 220mm and 270mm wide. 1 x Outfeed inclined conveyor. Belt dimensions – 2250mm long x 425mm wide. Outfeed height – 1000mmm. Some spare parts are also included. Videos available on request.

Year of construction: 2019, condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, REF: MM6372 Polar Systems Ltd bulk hopper, vibratory table, base stand, bucket elevator and diverter. Ideally suited for snack / pellet products. Manufacturer – Polar Systems Ltd. Date of manufacture – 2019. Bucket elevator dimensions - 2550mm long x 1250mm wide x 3850mm high. Knjdpsynnliefx Adyec Bulk hopper, vibratory table and base stand dimensions - 2550mm long x 1600mm wide x 3400mm high.

Year of construction: 2022, condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, REF: MM6470 Volumetric filling and sealing system for pre-made pouches (doypacks). Rotary Volumetric Filler mounted on stainless-steel frame with 1 x Pre-made pouch (doypack) filling and sealing machine. Manufacturer - Qinyao/Top Y Machinery. Date of manufacture - 2022. Setup of volumetric filling system: Stainless-steel large infeed hopper over Rotary volumetric cup filler (freestanding) with nylon volumetric cups. Setup of pre-made pouch fill and seal machine: Twin-lane bag magazine (lanes 1# and 2#), vacuum pick-up and bag opening (1#Sucking, 2#Sucking, Pick Up Bag, Open Bag), front and back sealing jaws with sponge-faced grippers, Siemens Smart Line HMI, Omron controllers for front jaw, back jaw and printer, thermal transfer ribbon coder and discharge chute. Speed – variable up to 20 packs / minute, depending on fill volume. Knsdozp E T Sopfx Adyjc Pack size range – can handle doypacks up to 300mm long x 250mm wide. Controls – Siemens Smart Line HMI touch-screen control with easy-to-use programme settings. Tooling – 1 x Set of volumetric cups, previously used to pack whey protein products (1000g volume), dried fruit (200g volume) and other dry ingredients (depends depending on product). Supplied with a fill head attachment for plastic scoops as the material is deposited. Electrical requirements - 3 phase. Requires compressed air supply. Condition – Very good, likely has a total use of one year production. *Please note* - the pre-made pouch (doypack) filler and sealer has previously been used / fed by a linear weigher and a multi-head weigher depending on what the products being packed were.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2023, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 100, input voltage: 400 V, track width: 660 mm, type of input current: three-phase, power: 0.4 kW (0.54 HP), input frequency: 50 Hz, electrical fuse: 16 A, Product distributor with 8 outlets and cutting system for kebab strips Knjdpfx Adjzqc U Noysc For sale: complete stand-alone product distributor/splitter with 8 outlets, designed for the even distribution, extrusion, and cutting of kebab strips or similar meat products. The unit is sold as a stand-alone machine, complete with a support frame, pneumatic cutting system, and product conveyor belt. A vacuum filler or other dosing machine is not included. Technical specifications: Product distributor with 8 outlets Splitter model: 160/76/8/DN32 Separate eccentric impeller pump system per outlet Rotors interconnected via a central drive shaft Main housing and impellers made of stainless steel Rotors and rings made of wear-resistant technical polymer Standard product connection: DN65, length approximately 500 mm Outlets equipped with DN32 swivel couplings Outlets at an angle of approximately 30° Shape and dimensions of the extrusion outlets depend on the existing design Includes tools for disassembling the rotors Mobile stainless steel frame Stainless steel C-frame Suitable for positioning above a conveyor belt or packaging machine Mobile on wheels Height adjustable by approximately ±30 mm Robust and hygienic design for use in the food industry Pneumatic cutting system Cutting system for all 8 outlets Pneumatically driven cutting mechanism Mounted on the front of the outlet manifold Stainless steel cutting blade Equipped with a safety guard Includes a safety microswitch Cutting cycle can be synchronized with an external vacuum filler or dosing machine Product conveyor belt Stainless steel construction Variable belt speed Length: approximately 1,000 mm Working height: approximately 900 mm ±50 mm Width adjusted to the 8 product outlets Includes an electrical and pneumatic switch cabinet Equipped with a safety guard and safety switches Suitable for: Kebab strips Meat strips Ground meat and meat products Production across 8 uniform lanes Automatic loading onto a conveyor belt or packaging line

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1999, Item: LC-8400-CIP-TetraRex Ksdpfxsvdcx So Adysnc Stainless Steel CIP Unit Type SCU/5 Complete unit in one Stainless Steel frame for Cleaning Filling Machine. Used for Tetra Rex Filling machine Complete 3 pieces units

Condition: ready for operation (used), TETRA THERM ASEPTIC FLEX 10 UHT ASEPTIC MILK PROCESSING YOM 2004 INCLUDING: - TETRA THERM ASEPTIC FLEX 10 PLATE STERILIZER, MODEL TA FLEX 10 PHE PLC ALLEN BRADLEY -TETRA ALEX 30 HOMOGENIZER, 2-STEPS, NON-ASEPTIC Knjdsz Dpuyopfx Adyjc CAPACITY 8 TONS PER HOUR EXCELLENT CONDITION LOCATION - POLAND

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2019, machine/vehicle number: SO-22949/1/19, REF: MM6218 1 X Sparc Systems 8-lane linear weighing combination system. Technical specification⚙️ ✅ Manufacturer - Sparc Systems Ltd. ✅ Model - LCWS. Kodpfx Adoxd Thmjyjnc ✅ Overall dimensions - 1620mm long x 920mm wide x 1620mm high. Note 🗒️ Seller has a quote for service and getting production-ready at cost of £12-15k per unit.