Used Illig Thermoformer for sale (167)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1993, COMI/RIGO 0599 inner liner thermoforming machine, SL200x90 NG DX Machine Specifications Forming & Tool Dimensions Maximum mold base dimensions: 2000 × 900 mm Minimum mold base dimensions: 800 × 480 mm Maximum frame interior dimensions: 2000 × 900 mm Maximum mold height: 800 mm Maximum molded part height: 550 mm Maximum sheet stack height: 1000 mm Ndsdozumuuepfx Afwja Maximum sheet support stack height: 180 mm Heating System Upper heating power: 89 kW Lower heating power: 78 kW Upper preheating power: 52 kW Lower preheating power: 46.8 kW Motors & Drives Oil pump motor power: 30 kW Vacuum pump motor power: 12 kW (3 × 4 kW) Sheet transport motor power: 1.6 kW Transport regulation motor power: 1.1 kW Sheet moving motor power: 0.25 kW Fan motor power: 0.50 kW (2 × 0.25 kW) Pyrometer motor power: 0.18 kW Discharge transfer motor power: 0.70 kW Single-blade motor power: 5 kW Cooling & Utilities Chiller power: 78 kW Auxiliary equipment maximum consumption: 3.87 kW Electrical Requirements Maximum installed power: 399 kW Vacuum System Vacuum pump capacity: 570 m³/h (3 × 190 m³/h) Vacuum tank capacity: 4,000 L (2,000 + 2,000 L) Water Requirements Water inlet temperature: 12-20 °C Water inlet pressure: 2-3 bar Closed-circuit water maximum flow rate: 130 L/min Pneumatic & Hydraulic Requirements Pneumatic operating pressure: 6 kg/cm² Hydraulic operating pressure (min/max): 110 / 140 kg/cm² Mechanical Characteristics Upper die clamping force: 9,000 kg Lower die clamping force: 9,000 kg Oil quantity for operation: 480 L Air consumption (movement = 700, cooling = 800): 1,500 N litres/cycle Machine weight: 25,000 kg (25 tonnes)

Year of construction: 2014, condition: good (used), Multivac R145 Thermoformer The Multivac R145 Thermoformer is a versatile and efficient packaging machine, designed for high-speed and precision packaging in various industries such as food and medical sectors. Built in 2014, it offers advanced technology and customizable tooling to meet a wide range of packaging needs. Will be shipped with 1 tool, but we can arrange new tools for this R145 for very comparative prices. Tool 1x4: Packing Size 80x195 mm. Manufacturer:Multivac Model:R145 Year:2014 Production hours: 2.451 Ndsdpfx Afeyz Shiswja Power Supply:400/230V / 50 Hz Power:12,5 kW Machine dimensions (LxWxH): 4.600x1.050x1.900 mm Film width: 360 mm Max. cut off length: 195 mm Vacuum Pump: Busch 250m3/h Machine weight: 1.000 kg.

Year of construction: 2002, condition: ready for operation (used), A thermoforming machine A&D with a cooling unit is available. Lower film width: 185mm, upper film width: 175mm. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Expected to be available from the beginning of 2027. Ndodpfey Igc Usx Afwja

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, used to produce innerliners Equipment Specifications Summary Forming and Tool Dimensions Maximum frame inner size: 2005 × 905 mm Maximum tool base size: 2000 × 900 mm Minimum tool base size: 700 × 500 mm Maximum sheet size: 2090 × 960 mm Minimum sheet size: 790 × 560 mm Maximum tool height: 800 mm (550 + 250 mm) Maximum formed workpiece height: 550 mm Maximum sheet stack height: 1000 mm Maximum pallet height: 180 mm Heating System Upper heating power: 83.3 kW Lower heating power: 71.3 kW Upper preheating power: 52 kW Lower preheating power: 46.8 kW Drive Motors & Auxiliary Equipment Oil pump motor power: 19 kW Vacuum pump motor power: 23.4 kW Sheet centering motors power: 0.24 kW Sheet feed motor power: 2.2 kW Sheet feed width-adjustment motor power: 2.2 kW Sheet picker motor power: 0.37 kW Fan motor power: 5.5 kW Shear motor power: 2.2 kW Carriage motor power: 2.2 kW Rotary table motor power: 1.1 kW Scrap cutter motor power: 3.0 kW Scrap conveyor motor power: 0.37 kW Finished workpiece discharge belt motor power: 0.75 kW Cross-cutting motor power: 0.25 kW Cross-cut scrap conveyor motor power: 0.22 kW Transfer unit motor power: 1.5 kW Auxiliary units maximum consumption: 5.1 kW Tempering unit power: 52 kW Electrical Requirements Maximum installed power: 375 kW Power consumption at 70% load: 262.5 kW Vacuum System Vacuum pumps capacity: 750 m³/h (250 × 3) Tool vacuum tank capacity: 2,000 L Bell vacuum tank capacity: 2,000 L Hydraulic System Required oil quantity: 600 L Hydraulic operating pressure: 10 MPa Maximum hydraulic operating pressure: 18 MPa Pneumatic System Required air pressure: 600 kPa Compressed air consumption: 1,300 N liters/cycle Cooling Water Requirements Incoming water pressure: 200-300 kPa Nsdezumt Djpfx Afweda Incoming water temperature: 12-20 °C Outgoing water temperature: 30-35 °C Mechanical Characteristics Lower tool holder force: 9,000 kg Machine weight: 35,000 kg (35 tonnes) Key Utility Requirements Electrical Supply: 375 kW installed load Compressed Air: 600 kPa, 1,300 N liters/cycle Cooling Water: 200-300 kPa at 12-20 °C Hydraulic Oil Capacity: 600 liters Vacuum Capacity: 750 m³/h with two 2,000-liter vacuum tanks Fully automatic thermoforming machine designed to shape plastic sheets suitable for high-capacity industrial applications. Thermoformer details: Forming area 2005mm x 905mm Max forming depth 550mm 3x loading stations. 1 x heating station. (pre-heating, final heating, upper and lower elements) - ceramic/quartz infrared elements Pressure and vacuum forming operation. 4 x side trimming presses. (rotary) Guillotine. Scrap collection end station. Automation: Fully automatic batch processing with operator control panel featuring manual/automatic modes. Industrial grade build with multiple access doors, observation windows, and integrated ventilation heat management. Year of manufacture 2007.

Year of construction: 2004, condition: ready for operation (used), Connected load: 104kVA, operational hours counter: 18,775h, the chain of the chain rail system was replaced in 2018. Nedpsl Ax Tvofx Afwsda

Year of construction: 2005, condition: used, functionality: fully functional, The deep-drawing machine is an automatic machine for forming, filling, and sealing. Its modular design is a key feature. These modules are arranged one after the other, in the sequence of operations. They are designed as independent units and can be exchanged within a given model series. Nedpfey Txcqsx Afweda tel. 694429279

Year of construction: 2015, condition: used, For Sale: Variovac Primus – Year of Manufacture 2015 more photo's will follow soon, currently being serviced. We offer a well-maintained Variovac Primus thermoforming packaging machine, manufactured in 2015, designed for reliable and efficient food packaging applications. This machine is widely used in the food industry for vacuum and MAP packaging of fresh and processed products. Key Features - Thermoforming packaging machine - Suitable for vacuum and Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) - Robust industrial design for continuous production - Hygienic construction, ideal for food processing environments - User-friendly control system - Proven Variovac quality and reliability Applications - Meat and poultry - Cheese and dairy products - Fish and seafood - Ready meals and convenience foods - Other food and non-food products requiring high-quality packaging Condition - Year: 2015 - Good working condition - Professionally maintained - Available for inspection by appointment Ndjdpfx Aeyan D Nsfwja Advantages - High packaging quality with consistent results - Durable German engineering - Suitable for medium to high production volumes - Easy integration into existing production lines 📍 Location: Available from stock 🚚 Worldwide transport possible upon request For more information, specifications, pricing, or to arrange a viewing, please contact us. * Year: 2015

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, Used for the production of door liners by thermoforming. Year of manufacture: 2003 General Maximum roll diameter: 1200 mm Maximum roll width: 850 mm Minimum roll width: 570 mm Sheet loading height: 1750 mm Sheet feeding height: 1750 mm Discharge height of thermoformed product: 1750 mm Machine overall dimensions: See layout drawing Roll Unwinding Station Sheet loading: Manual Roll change: Automatic (pneumatic) Sheet pulling: Motorized Heating Station Format change: Motorized Format change stroke length: 500 mm Oven emptying in emergency: Automatic (pneumatic) Upper panel radiators: 134 × 300 W + 45 × 600 W Nsdpfszumnzox Afweda Upper panel radiator power: 67,200 W Lower panel radiators: 112 × 600 W Lower panel radiator power: 67,200 W Forming Station Moving level of the mold holder Maximum stroke of pneumatic cylinders: 750 mm Closing force of pneumatic cylinders: 687.5 daN × 4 Clamping Ring Maximum stroke of pneumatic cylinders: 200 mm Closing force of pneumatic cylinders at 6 bar: 735 daN × 2 Pre-Stretching / Cooling Dome for Thermoformed Product Maximum stroke of pneumatic cylinders: 200 mm Closing force of pneumatic cylinders: 687.5 daN × 2 Electric fan power: 0.55 kW × 4 Vacuum System Pump capacity: 240 m³/h × 2 Pump motor power: 5.5 kW × 2 Tank capacity: 1200 L × 2 Pneumatic System Operating pressure: 6 bar (±10%) Air intake connection: Water System Operating pressure: 2.5 bar (±10%) Water intake (flow to chiller, closed-loop connection): DN ½" Temperature: 15°C (±10%) Electrical System Three-phase electrical voltage + neutral + earth: 400 V (+10% / -6%) Frequency: 50 Hz Installed power: 280 kW Current: 465 A Roll feed thermoforming machine currently used in the manufacture of refrigerator door liners. Thermoformer comprises: Roll Unwinding Station. Heating Station - Upper and lower pre-heaters and heating elements. Forming Station - Table closing force of daNx2: 735. Clamping Ring. Pre-Stretching / Cooling Dome. Vacuum System. Pneumatic System. Full workshop manuals. Machine footprint of approximately 10m x 3 m x 5m.

Year of construction: 2007, operating hours: 6,865 h, condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 114744, Multivac R 570 skin-pac machine year of production 2007. Built in vacuum pump Busch + Edwards booster pump foil width 562 mm, Advance 865 mm, Nsdpfx Aeyk Uylefweda 2x moulds No 1. 210 x 160 mm No 2. 255 x 210 mm Very well maintained machine taken out direct from production site.

Year of construction: 1990, condition: ready for operation (used), Two identical thermoforming machines DIXIE-UNION DV 2000 are available. Supply voltage: 380V, frequency: 50Hz, rated current: 20A, version with red CEE three-phase plug (3~). Machine 1 was still in operation until 2025. Machine 2 has not been in use for a longer period and is not complete, as relays were removed for spare parts. An on-site inspection is possible, not under power. Ndsdoylnz Sepfx Afwja

Year of construction: 2022, condition: ready for operation (used), A small table-top vacuum machine (vacuum chamber machine) Italian Pack is available. Chamber dimensions X/Y/Z: 370mm/420mm/180mm, vacuum pump capacity: 16m³/h, max. utilization time per day: 5h. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. Ndedpewt A U Refx Afwsa

Year of construction: 2014, condition: good (used), Used SEALPAC RE25 Thermoforming Packaging Machine (MAP/Vacuum) This SEALPAC RE25 thermoforming machine is a high-quality, industrial-grade packaging system designed for continuous operation in food production environments. Built in the Netherlands, SEALPAC machines are known for their durability, hygiene, and consistent sealing performance. This unit is in good used condition Technical Overview Model: RE25 Power: 3-phase (230/400V, 50–60 Hz) Power consumption: ~17 kW Compressed air: 6–7 bar Gas (MAP): 4–6 bar Nodpfx Aeyvr Irefwjda Film width: approx. 300–650 mm Max forming depth: up to 160 mm Machine length: approx. 8 m. Contact Us Get in touch for: Price Inspection Additional details or videos

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2024, machine/vehicle number: DHD/250/100, functionality: fully functional, input voltage: 400 V, pressing force: 250 t, stroke length: 600 mm, operating speed: 170 mm/s, reverse speed: 250 mm/s, table width: 1,200 mm, table length: 1,000 mm, ram plate width: 1,200 mm, ram plate length: 1,000 mm, total length: 2,000 mm, total width: 2,700 mm, total height: 4,500 mm, control cabinet height: 1,800 mm, control cabinet length: 800 mm, control cabinet width: 500 mm, die cushion force: 100 t, die cushion stroke: 200 mm, electrical fuse: 63 A, installation height: 900 mm, pressure: 235 bar, Euroblech 2024 trade fair machine - Hamburg location. Nodpfx Asttriasfweda

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 500 kg, See also homepage: bdtronic.com/de-de/heissnietanlagen/vollautomatisch-heissnieten/ Njdpfey Nzhbsx Afweda Furthermore, there are other similar machines. Currently physically located at the subsidiary plant.

Year of construction: 2005, condition: good (used), Multivac R140 Thermoformer Multivac R140 thermoformer from 2005. High performance machine with compact dimensions so this machine can easily be fitted into (existing) production lines. Will be shipped with 1 tool, but we can arrange new tools for this R140 for very comparative prices. Tool 1×4: Packing Size 70×175 mm. Manufacturer:Multivac Model:R140 Year:2005 Power Supply:400/230V / 50 Hz Nedpfxjyz Tg Te Afweda Power:6 kW Machine dimensions (LxWxH): 4.200×1.000×1.800 mm Film width:360 mm Max. cut off length:195 mm Machine weight:1.000 kg.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2002, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 02 2406, GEISS DU 2400 X 2400 T8 YEAR OF MANUFACTURE: 2002 SERIAL NUMBER: 02 2406 TOTAL POWER CONSUMPTION: 517.9 kW RATED CURRENT: 750 A HEATING POWER INPUT (upper - lower): 462.9 kW RATED VOLTAGE: 230/240 V FREQUENCY: 50 Hz TOTAL WEIGHT: 141.1 kN AIR CONSUMPTION: 3315 liters/cycle AIR CONNECTION: 6 x 10/5 to 8 x 10/5 Pa Ndsdpfxsyin Ugo Afwja WATER CONNECTION: min. 1.5 x 10/5 to max. 2.5 x 10/5 Pa A Geiss large-format vacuum thermoforming machine is available. Minimum panel cutting: 1100 mm / 1300 mm, maximum panel cutting: 2100 mm / 1800 mm, maximum forming depth: 620 mm. Additional sheet format 1: min. 850 mm / 750 mm, max. 1850 mm / 1250 mm. Additional sheet format 2: min. 1050 mm / 800 mm, max. 2050 mm / 1300 mm. Includes a separate loading unit with pneumatic panel separation equipment, automatic aligner for longitudinal and crosswise sheet cutting, pneumatic pusher for removing molded parts from the loading table, fully automatic central lubrication system for the loader, and several interchangeable pallets for window panel sets. Documentation available. On-site inspection possible.

Year of construction: 2018, condition: used, Multivac R270CD with skin pack and MAP pack. Overhauled in 2018, this machine came out of production week 37 2024. Machine comes with several moulds, spares and with 3 vacuum pumps incl. - Booster pump Njdpjuk Sp Nsfx Afwsda - Busch R5 360m3/h - Busch R5 100m3/h Only 668 production hours, everything build in. Good to go for production. Dimensions from all the tooling is in the photo album

Condition: reconditioned (used), Year of construction: 2000, functionality: fully functional, total width: 17,500 mm, total length: 68,000 mm, total height: 19,000 mm, overall weight: 5,500 kg, Universal and highly successful blister machine in the medium to high-speed category with intermittent platen sealing. Format range: max. forming film width: 300 mm max. web indexing ET: 280 mm max. web indexing MT: 97 mm max. punching width: 284 mm max. drawing depth: 10 mm for PVC / Materials: Forming PVC/PVDC/ACLAR Included in the price are the following configurations of the machine: - Numatic valves - Forming film unwind stand - Forming film buffer - Stock monitoring for forming material - Forming foil unwind - forming station for PVC foil - Splice detection for forming film - Heat monitoring control for heating and sealing stations - Parts for heat fume extraction without exhaust unit - Forming station without plug assist - ET Index station after forming - Fill Section with rotary brush and safety flap - Electrical preparation for SimTap 2i feeding system Noder Nv Icepfx Afwoda - Fill control inspection system VisioChrom-CV - Lid foil unwind - Stock monitoring for lidding material - Print registration via elongation (stretching device) of lid material. - Splice detection for lidding material with 2 sensors for inside and outside - Sealing station - Cooling station after sealing - Index after sealing - Embossing station -MT index station - Punch station - cross blister outfeed Output: max. 600 blisters Index: max.280x284 mm Forming depth: max.10 mm

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2021, operating hours: 337 h, Multivac R535 Thermoformer The R 535 thermoforming packaging machine is the largest configurable machine system from MULTIVAC. It offers a uniquely wide range of equipment options as well as an extremely high packaging output. Thanks to the unique diversity of the R 535, MULTIVAC is able to meet the most challenging of customer requirements. This R 535 is from 2021 and has only 337 production hours and is in new condition. Ndodpfx Aoxfq D Uofwea The machine is including the following equipment: - Bell Mark – IntelliJet TSX 10” Thermal Inkjet Printer; - Chilly 45 chiller Manufacturer: Multivac Model: R535 Year: 2021 Production Hours: 337 Film Width: 645mm (Top)  / 645mm (Bottom) Stroke Length: 500 mm Max. Forming Depth: 75 mm Vacuum Pump: Busch 105m3/h Capacity: Max. 12 cycles/min Machine Dimensions LxWxH: 1.050x175x225 cm Machine Weight: 2.000 kg.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Machine DU 1500 x 1000 x 620 T7 No. 98 15254 Plate size: 1000 x 800 mm, Draw depth: 620 mm Year of manufacture: 1998 Rated current: 238 A Total connected load: 164.5 kW Control system: Siemens OP 37 Equipment: • Loading/unloading machine • 6 cooling fans • Upper punch • Film sag control Njdpfx Asxmgvcefwoda • Motorized adjustable clamping frame • Flash emitter • Heating pyrometer • Cooling pyrometer

Year of construction: 1999, condition: excellent (used), CFS / TIROMAT COMPACT ID.NO. 2568 CFS / Tiromat compact with associated Mr label year mod 1999. Updated electronics with Siemens touch display. Rejection 350 mm äfoil width 422 mm. 6 part tool 119 x 150 mm Max depth 140 mm. Dimensions 615 x 105 cm H 215 cm. Nodpfx Ajpcddxsfweda

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2024, Year of manufacture: 2024 Like new condition Film width: 422 mm Take-up length: 460 mm Nedpfx Afjzfipcewoda

Condition: ready for operation (used), Capacity: 25 strokes/min, total capacity: 36000 cups/min, filling volume: butter/margarine (hotel portions): 10g, whipped products: 5g, mold dimensions X/Y/Z: 40mm/50mm/20mm. Dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 5000mm/1500mm/1800mm, weight: approx. 2500kg. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. Ndodpfx Aew Axfdjfwea

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), operating hours: 50 h, Uhlmann thermoform packaging system UPS 4 ETX for processing PVC forming film and aluminum lidding film Basic machine in modular technology and balcony construction, with 12 modules: - Molding film holder with 2 pneumatic clamping shafts for core diameter 76 mm, max. roll diameter 800 mm - Cutting and gluing table for shaped film - Shaped film unwinding, clocked - 3-zone contact heating: - 6 heating circuits, individually adjustable - Simultaneous heating of min. 3 feeds - Heating plates during machine stop automatic opening - Forming station with 4-column lifting table guide - Filling section, length 1,360 mm - Safety flap on the filling section Cover film unwinding on operating side with pneumatic expansion shaft for core diameter 76 mm, max. roll diameter 300 mm - Plate sealing station with 4 columns lifting table guide: - Integrated overload protection - Automatic lifting of the upper sealing sealing tool when the machine stops - Free module for the installation of an additional station - Clamping gripper feed - Punching station with blister lowering - Waste cutter with integrated motorized transport of the punching grid - Smoothing device - ET/DT perforating station - Monitoring of the compressed air supply with machine stop when the minimum the minimum value - Visio Scan - Electrically interlocked safety doors - Quick format change due to - plug-in format parts - Plug-in connections for cooling water supply - Main drive with frequency-controlled three-phase motor geared motor - Switch cabinet at the rear of the machine, swivel-mounted Paccontrol operating control - 10.4" TFT color display with 640x480 pixel resolution - Processor 68C030 - OS9 2.9 operating system - 2 MB SRAM, 2 MB Flash, 16 MB DRAM - SRAM card reader - IBM standard membrane keyboard - Centronics interface for external printer - PS2 interface for external keyboard - VGA interface for external monitor - Serial interface for diagnostic purposes - Arcnet interface - 8 serial interfaces for connecting devices Integrated shift register ISR Rejection of individual blister rows, e.g. overheated film in the heating station, products in the sealing station, etc. Machine control: Memory-programmable sequence control in modular design: - B&R - PLC control - Bus system with modules for CPU, inputs, outputs, temperature controller, cam controller, etc. - External program memory Technical data UPS 4 ETX: - Number of cycles: - ET range: min./max. : 15/ 50 T/min. depending on film quality, feed and format design Njdpfetndpzex Afweda - Format range: min./max. feed in filling area : 64/226 mm min./max. film width : 100/300 mm min./max. punching width : 28/284 mm max. drawing depth : 12 mm - Compressed air: - Inlet pressure: approx. 6 - 8 bar 4 Simtap feeders

Year of construction: 2015, condition: good (used), We are selling 3 used paper pulp thermoforming machines in good condition and additional equipment. Model TPM-1500, manufactured by "Taiwan Pulp Molding" - one of the world's leading companies in this area. Thermoforming Line Description: 3 stage production (forming + drying 30t + hot pressing 50t). 480 v, 60 Hz; Manufacture date - Oct. 2015. Effective Molding Area, mm - 1500 x 900 x 120; Overall dimensions, mm - 7600 x 2250 x 3700; Weight - 16 tonnes; Production speed - up to 80 kg/h; The necessary quantity of operators - 1; Press pressure (critical for quality and performance) - 40t (1st) / 50t (2nd); Movement mechanism - Servo drive + ball screw, encoder positioning, accuracy +/- 0.01 mm for the drive, 0.05 mm for the mechanics; Automated sprinkles for quality improvement - For molds: adjustable time interval (15-20 bar). For products: automatic (2-3 bar); Safety - emergency stop button, optical sensors, zone security fences. Installed power - Up to 400 kW, depending on the type of product and quantity of heating elements. Features: 1. Completely dry-in-the-mold pulp product. 2. No distortion or variation in shape & size. 3. Smooth surface, highest quality finish in the industry. 4. Maximum mold utilization. 5. Suitable for various product's wall thicknesses. Suitable for the production of the following products: High-finish molded paper packaging; Single-use paper dishware; Single-use paper Cup lids; Paper Cup holders; Paper egg cartons; etc. Each Thermoformer set includes: Nedpfenab Evsx Afwsda Taiwan Pulp Molding Auto Stacker - TPM-AS-1500 0.5 HP, Two-Stage Auto Stacker 480 v, 60 Hz, Belt Width: 1500 mm; Cutes Water-ring Vacuum Pump (2017) - Cutes NN-1001FCD vacuum pump, 75 HP, 880 RPM, 1,000 CFM. Price per 1 Set: Thermoforming machine 300 000 euro + Autostacker 20 000 euro + Cutes water-ring vacuum pump 5 000 euros = 325 000 euros per set. If purchase few sets discount can be discussed. The last set includes a pulp preparation system and costs + 50 000 euros: 1. Taiwan Pulp Molding Co. Hydropulper w/Auto Feeding Conveyor (2017) - stainless steel hydropulper w/ 100 HP motor, 90" x 80" tall, w/ 47" x 44" x 31" dump hopper, including auto feeding conveyor; 2. BTG Instruments Consistency Control Unit - MnCPM-1300 type HX/Q0/C2/5/10 consistency transmitter unit; 3. Conical Refiner 75 HP; 4. Taiwan Pulp Molding Co. Cleaner Screen (2017) - 30 HP;