Used Water Recooling System for sale (36,781)

Condition: used, This listing is for the Grant GD120 Water Bath/Circulator The unit is in full working condition and is ready for immediate use The Grant GD120 is a digitally controlled stirred water bath and circulator ideal for laboratory use, offering high precision and flexibility. Here's a breakdown of its features and capabilities: Key Features Immersion Thermostat with Intelligent Control Optimisation (ICO): Enables adaptive PID control for exceptionally stable temperature regulation. Njdpfx Aexhfl Eohzjwg Integral Pump: Built-in circulation pump with a maximum flow rate of 17 L/min, allowing both sample immersion and external fluid circulation. User Interface: Equipped with a clear digital display, a rotor plus two-key control, timer function for reaction timing, and visual + audible alarms to notify operators of critical conditions. Preset Temperature Control: Supports one adjustable operating setpoint plus three preset temperature options for fast switching. Safety Features: Includes float-switch low liquid protection and an adjustable over-temperature cut-out for sample and user safety. Liquid Type Selection: Automatically adjusts heater power and temperature parameters depending on chosen liquid (e.g., water, oil, glycol mixtures). Temperature Range & Accuracy Plastic Tanks (P-series): From around ambient +5 °C up to ~99 °C. Stainless Steel Tanks (S-series): From –15 °C up to ~120 °C. High Stability: ±0.02 °C for stable temperature control. Technical Specifications & Obsolescence The GD120 series includes multiple tank sizes: plastic tanks (P5, P12, P18) and stainless steel tanks (S5, S12, S18, S26, S38), offering varied capacities for different lab needs. This series is now considered obsolete, though it remains functional and reliable for many applications. Supporting Documentation & Manual Operating Manual: The GD120 is covered by the general purpose stirred thermostatic baths manual (shared with GD100), outlining temperature settings, calibration procedures, safety guidance, and maintenance. Datasheet Summary: Positioned within the broader Grant Optima product range, the GD120 sits between simpler (GD100, up to 100 °C) and higher-spec models (GR150 up to 150 °C, GP200 up to 200 °C)

Year of construction: 2002, condition: good (used), System Tm hydraulic lifting table with roller conveyor on top Nwedpfx Aey Rffaohzjg Length 5m width 1.3m Extra roller conveyor length 3.6m and 1.3m wide rollers Max lifting capacity 4000 Kg

Condition: good (used), QUICK WOOD RO800 structuring brush machine or intermediate sanding machine Working width 700 mm, working height 200 mm Nodpfx Aoyk H Eashzowg 2x4 special brushes Brush rotation speed control Rotation speed control for the 2 blocks of 4 brushes each Feed speed adjustment Electric adjustment of the spacing of the 2 conveyor belts Electric raising and lowering of the brushes

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: WSJPRS1106TB12500, empty load weight: 6,680 kg, maximum load weight: 14,120 kg, overall weight: 21,000 kg, axle configuration: 1 axle, first registration: 04/2006, next inspection (TÜV): 10/2026, total length: 10,840 mm, total width: 2,550 mm, tire condition: 80 %, wheelbase: 6,320 mm, Year of construction: 2006, Curtainsider trailer SYSTEM TRAILERS PRS10 Nodjykn Hfjpfx Ahzewg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, overall weight: 315 kg, total length: 1,840 mm, total width: 1,180 mm, total height: 1,000 mm, VRF SYSTEM PANASONIC U14ME2E8 40 KW Cooling capacity: 40 kW (27/19°C - 35°C) Heating capacity: 45 kW (7/6°C - 20°C) Year of manufacture: 2017 Type of refrigerant: R410a Number of fans: 1 pcs. Compressors: 2 pcs. Copeland (scroll) Nodpfx Aheqz Uciozswg Dimensions: 1.84 x 1.18 x 1.00 m Weight: 315 kg

Condition: used, Features: Condition: fully functional, with traces of use. Ideal for fast material transport Expertly disassembled and packaged Manufacturer: Soco System Condition: Used Model/Type: Rollers Drive type: Gravity System consisting of: 7 segments (5 x 1.980 mm, 2 x 960 mm) total length: approx. 11.820 mm Nwsdpfx Ahoi Dt Epszeg Total width: approx. 470 mm Conveyor width/roller width: approx. 410 mm Segment length: approx. 1,980 mm Roller diameter: approx. 50 mm/rollers made of plastic Axle distance: approx. 90 mm (adjustable) Material: steel/plastic Frame data: Height: approx. 100 mm width: approx. 25 mm Stock: 11,82 meters Price per meter Roller conveyor Due to the excellent workmanship of the roller conveyor, your material will glide smoothly to its destination, even under heavy load. Customized solutions for your intralogistics For roller conveyors, belt conveyors, inclined conveyors or telescopic conveyors for loading and unloading your goods, we are your competent partner! We will be happy to prepare your individual offer or advise you on design or installation issues. Simply let us know your requirements and the local conditions. Take advantage of our many years of experience and our excellent network of specialists. For companies in a wide range of industries, such as: Logistics, pharmaceutical industry, trade or the electronics industry, we have already successfully realized projects. Together we will work out ways to optimize your process and material flow in a cost-effective and sustainable way. We can even offer you fully automatic sorting technology or supplementary components such as picking racks or containers.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2002, functionality: fully functional, Moulder infeed with 2 x 5.5 Kw hydro stations. Speed up to 120 m/min Automatic board turner. Single pcs feeding. Nedjy It T Topfx Ahzowg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, type of input current: DC, warranty duration: 24 months, compressed air connection: 2 bar, overall weight: 20 kg, filling weight (max.): 1,000 g, filling weight (min.): 100 g, input voltage: 220 V, pressure: 2 bar, tank capacity: 30 l, New Pneumatic Filling Machine / Filler – Plug & Play For sale: new filling machine suitable for dispensing liquids, pastes, and semi-viscous products, such as: - Disinfectants - Shampoos & lotions - Creams - Honey & jam - Milk & yoghurt - Water & alcohol - Sauces (e.g., pesto) - Etc. Simple, reliable, and immediately deployable This filling machine operates on compressed air and 220V and is fully plug & play. As a result, the machine is very user-friendly and particularly suitable for filling small to medium-sized batches. A small compressor is sufficient to run the machine; one can be supplied if desired. Nodpferivwfsx Ahzjwg Flexible filling (100 – 1000 ml) The machine is equipped with a 1000 ml cylinder, allowing for a maximum of 1000 ml to be filled per cycle. - Minimum fill quantity: 100 ml - Any quantity between 100 and 1000 ml can be dispensed in a single stroke - Larger volumes can easily be achieved by multiple cycles Large hopper & expansion options Standard supplied with a 30-liter stainless steel hopper. There is also the option to connect to an IBC container or 200-liter drum, enabling quick and efficient handling of larger filling volumes. Manual or automatic operation The machine offers: - Foot pedal – fill at your own pace - Automatic mode – continuous filling cycle for higher volumes Depending on the product, fill volume, and operator, approximately 15 to 25 units per minute can be filled. Compact & high-quality construction - Weight: approx. 15–20 kg - Easy to place on a table - Fully made of high-grade stainless steel - Robust, industrial build quality More information For questions, feel free to email us; we are happy to assist you with this or other machines. Additionally, we also offer a labeling machine, which is an excellent combination with this filling machine for a complete filling solution. We aim to respond within 24 hours and are available on weekdays from 09:00 to 17:30.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2020, functionality: fully functional, input voltage: 400 V, type of input current: three-phase, temperature: 35 °C, operating pressure: 75 bar, energy consumption: 64 kWh, Industrial plant for the treatment and concentration of process water as well as for nutrient recovery. Nwjdpfx Asyr H Anshzeg The plant combines a double-pass reverse osmosis (RO) system with a thermal evaporator unit and was originally developed for biogas production to recover ammonium-containing fertilizer from process water and digestate. The plant was never commissioned due to the operator's insolvency and is in a preserved condition. The system is suitable for operators from the industrial, environmental technology, or agricultural sectors who are looking for a rapidly available solution for water treatment, ZLD (Zero Liquid Discharge), or nutrient recovery. Technical data System type: RO Double Pass + Evaporator Model: SIMPEC RO Double Pass 8000 44 8 Evaporator 57 000 Year of construction: 2020 Permeate output: Stage 1: 7.5 m³/h Stage 2: 6.7 m³/h Permeate quality:

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2011, We are pleased to present for Sale the Automatic transfer system TREC NT from Stork. Manufacturer: Stork Type: TREC NT Year: 2011 Nwedpfewdibxox Ahzog Iasbor Igpgstt Shdfor Capacity: 13500bph Condition: Used/Very good

Condition: good (used), Carton sealer, packaging machine, carton sealing machine, carton sealing machine, sealing tape machine, adhesive tape machine -Manufacturer: Soco System, carton sealer type T-10 -Carton width: max. 500 mm -Dimensions: see photos -Accessories: in cl. 3 pcs. adhesive tape dispenser -Dimensions total: 980/860/H1560 mm Nwjdpfx Aow Skl Tohzeg -Total weight: 160 kg

Year of construction: 1991, condition: good (used), Carton sealer, packaging machine, carton closing machine, carton sealing machine, sealing tape machine, adhesive tape machine -Manufacturer: Soco System, Carton Sealer Type T-10 -Carton width: max. 530 mm -Dimensions: see photos -Overall dimensions: 980/930/H1680 mm -Weight: 135 kg Nwjdjlry S Aspfx Ahzsg

Condition: used, Carton sealer, packing machine -Carton width: max. 530 mm Njdpsdnff Asfx Ahzowg -Dimensions: 1250/760/H850 mm -Weight: 33 kg

Condition: good (used), Soco System Packing Station System 14,800 mm double-deck roller conveyor with 800 mm steel rollers Lower roller conveyor with drive Upper roller conveyor without drive (gravity roller conveyor) 9,850 mm roller conveyor with 600 mm Ø 48 mm plastic rollers, with drive and two through-feed flaps 90° curve with conical rollers and two drives for heavy loads 6,000 mm roller conveyor with 600 mm Ø 48 mm plastic rollers, with drive Nwsdpfxsxl Rn Tj Ahzsg 9,750 mm roller conveyor with 600 mm Ø 48 mm plastic rollers, without drive 6 x Rocholz System Flex packing and work tables Carton magazine Workstation lighting Keyboard and mouse tray with articulated arm Monitor mount with articulated arm 10-way power strip Perforated back panel PC mount Storage shelf Width: 2,000 mm Depth: 800 mm 6 x 1,000 mm Transfer roller conveyor, 600 mm steel rollers 6 x 1000 mm transfer roller conveyor, 600 mm plastic rollers Switch and control cabinet Financing through our bank is also possible. komplett-konzept.leasingo.de Find more items – new and used – in our shop! International shipping available upon request!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, operating hours: 18,625 h, machine/vehicle number: LC598, Used aseptic line for tretra pack fino 1 L - 3600 PPHTechnical Specifications & Performance DataThis complete Tetra Fino Aseptic line is an integrated aseptic packaging solution engineered by Tetra Pak for liquid food applications. The core filling machine was manufactured in 2006 and is complemented by downstream packaging equipment. Designed for industrial packaging and beverage production, it provides reliable second hand performance with hygienic processing and efficient material handling.Production speed: up to 3,600 packages/hourContainer type: Carton-based aseptic packages (Tetra Fino Aseptic family)Supported volumes: 1.0LPrimary product currently run: MilkMain filler year: 2006Additional module: SOCO System unit, year 2014Accessories: Trolley for packing with roll holder, ABC valve, 1 m mesh conveyorAdvanced Automation & Control SystemsThe line incorporates an industrial control panel for central operation of filling and downstream handling. The aseptic filler integrates automatic process sequences for sterilization, filling, and sealing under controlled conditions. Operator safety interlocks and machine guarding support safe operation, while standardized HMI navigation streamlines recipe selection and format changes. The architecture is designed for fast restarts and consistent uptime in high-demand environments.Production Line Integration CapabilitiesThis used bottling line is configured for inline operation, linking the aseptic filler with conveyors and a SOCO System packaging module. It supports integration with typical ancillary devices such as product dispensers, cap or straw applicators, and end-of-line packaging machinery. Format changeovers accommodate multiple carton volumes within the 0.2L to 1.0L range, enabling multi-product flexibility for milk and juice production. The conveyor layout ensures smooth product transfers and balanced accumulation between stations.Machine Condition & Maintenance HistoryThe equipment is reported in production with overall good condition. Continuous operation on milk indicates stable performance and consistent hygiene compliance. The 2006 filler and 2014 downstream module are maintained to sustain aseptic integrity and packaging quality, making this second hand industrial packaging line a strong candidate for rapid redeployment.Operational Performance & VersatilityOptimized for liquid food, the line supports aseptic packaging of products such as milk and juices in pillow-style Tetra Fino Aseptic formats. Key benefits include extended ambient shelf life without preservatives, high barrier multi-layer materials, and hermetic sealing. The layout offers reliable filling accuracy, gentle product handling, and quality consistency suitable for beverage production requiring long shelf life and stable logistics.Installation Requirements & Site PreparationThe system is designed for standard industrial facility layouts with room for filler, conveyors, and a compact end-of-line module. Typical utilities include electrical power, compressed air, and process water as required by aseptic operations. A clean, controlled environme... Nodpfxsyh E Apo Ahzjwg

Condition: used, axle configuration: 3 axles, first registration: 08/2018, color: other, Year of construction: 2018, Empty weight: 6.939 kg The 2018 System Trailer 3 Axle SAF Disc Curtainsider features a galvanized chassis and anti-theft tilt, priced at €11,950 without VAT. It showcases good tire conditions across all axles, enhancing its appeal for heavy-duty transportation needs. The trailer is designed for optimal security and durability, making it a reliable choice for logistics operations. Tire profile dept: Axle 1: left 13 mm right 5 mm Axle 2: left 7 mm right 6 mm Axle 3: left 7 mm right 6 mm Nedpfsv Ica Djx Ahzowg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: AYA320NY3006, overall weight: 950 kg, total length: 1,700 mm, total width: 1,650 mm, total height: 2,120 mm, input voltage: 400 V, input current: 28 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, Mazzali Intensys Lab Burn-in industrial (climate) oven, including manual Nedpewm Htqsfx Ahzowg Type: Intensys Lab 12+12HD Code: AYA320NY3006 Year of construction: 2007 Mains connection: 400V Temperature range: -40°C / +180°C (external cooling) Load capacity: 12 plates Oven Dimensions: 72 x 50 x 72cm Dimensions: 170 x 165 x 212 cm Weight: ~950 kg

Condition: excellent (used), Here we offer you an et ETSYSTEM Electronic Load GPIB. Nwjdpfxem Tvyxo Ahzjg 32615A AC & DC Electronic Load GPIB/RS232 300V, 108A, 10800VA The 3260A series is a 300V high power AC and DC load in one unit and provides an ideal test solution for UPS, AVR and D/A inverters, especially for DUTs with step or square waveforms Each high power series AC&DC load has its own control and display panel and 5-state recall/memory, allowing for more efficient load setup Adjustable power factor setting (PF, range: 1, 0.85 ~ -0.85) expands the simulation of the test environment Built-in GO/NG gauge test function provides short test result diagnosis for production and QC test throughput Features Voltage, current, wattage and VA variable display. CC, Linear CC, CR and Crest Factor modes. GPIB/RS232 interface and 5 status recall/memory. Power factor (PF) adjustable: 1, 0.85 ~ -0.85. Upper/lower threshold capability. Protection against V, I, W and ℃. Dual 4 1/2 meter display for voltage, current, watts and VA. Suitable for sine, square and step waves. Width 600 mm Height 1506 mm Depth 600 mm 196kg Type: 32615A AC & DC Electronic Load Condition: used / used Scope of delivery: (See picture) (Changes and errors in the technical data, specifications are reserved!) Further questions we can answer on the phone for you.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, MOULDER INFEED IF-100 MAX FEED SPEED 100M/MIN MAX LENGTH 6100MM MIN LENGTH 1500MM FLAT CHAIN CROSS FEED WITH 5 CHAINS INVERTER DRIVE ACCELERATOR 5KW MAX WIDTH 250MM MIN WIDTH 50MM MAX THICKNESS 100MM MINIMUM THICKNESS 12MM 4X FEED ROLLERS 180MM MOULDER OUTFEED OF-100 DROP LEAF OUTFEED CAPABLE OF HANDLING ALL SIZES AS PER IF-100 INFEED CROSS FEED TABLE WITH 7X BELTS SUITABLE FOR UP TO 100M/MIN AVAILABLE EX STOCK PRICE INCLUDES INFEED AND OUTFEED POSSIBLE TO OFFER SUITABLE MOULDER AS NEEDED, WEINIG OR LEADERMAC !!! Njdpjy Hb U Njfx Ahzewg

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, roll width: 410 mm, power: 0.12 kW (0.16 HP), roll spacing: 60 mm, axle spacing: 110 mm, Roller Conveyor Curve / 90-Degree Curve Manufacturer: Soco System Condition: Used Model: Roller Type: 90° Total outside width: approx. 1430 mm Total inside width: approx. 820 mm Total width incl. motor: approx. 580 mm Conveying width: approx. 410 mm Roller pitch: approx. 60 mm Axle spacing: approx. 110 mm Roller type: Plastic Material: Steel/Plastic Color: Galvanized, Light Grey, Orange Includes 2 Soco 0.12 kW motors Stock quantity: 4 units Price per unit The conveyor system was fully operational until disassembly. Condition: Fully functional, with signs of use Ideal for fast material handling Internal item number: 2026020302 Pickup address: Industriestraße 5 (47918 Tönisvorst) Professionally dismantled and packaged Thanks to the excellent workmanship of the conveyor system, your materials will glide smoothly to their destination—even under heavy loads. Njdjygyhajpfx Ahzjwg Tailor-made solutions for your intralogistics For roller conveyors, belt conveyors, incline conveyors, or telescopic conveyors for loading and unloading your goods, we are your experienced partner! We are happy to provide you with a customized quote or advise you regarding concepts or installation questions. Simply let us know your requirements and local conditions. Benefit from our many years of experience and our extensive network of specialists. We have already successfully completed projects for companies in various sectors, such as logistics, the pharmaceutical industry, trades, or the electronics sector. Together, we will work to optimize your operations and material flow efficiently and sustainably. We can also offer fully automated sorting technology and additional components such as picking shelves or containers.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2015, functionality: fully functional, total width: 2,700 mm, total length: 1,400 mm, total height: 2,100 mm, CHRIST PACKING SYSTEM WRAPPING MACHINE FILMTEQ 3030 Wrapping machine, fully automatic. Modular configuration for integration with other machines and systems. Ergonomic balcony technology for quick format changeover. Operator panel for immediate diagnostics and precise control of every packaging stage. Built in 2015. PRODUCTION - Production: up to 60 cycles/minute - Wrapping material: Low-density polyethylene film (LDPE) - Packaging type: Single band wrap, with side shrink, or full wrap - Grouping dimensions: (L): 60–400 mm/(W): 60–240 mm/(H): 30–230 mm - Single product dimensions (with stacker): (H): 15–400 mm/(W): 15–90 mm/(H): 60–240 mm - Film width: From 30 mm to 300 mm - Maximum reel diameter: 400 mm Nedpfoy Au Dcex Ahzswg DIMENSIONS - Footprint: 2700 × 1400 × 2100 mm ENERGY CONSUMPTION - Operating voltage: 3x400 V; 50 Hz - Control voltage: 24 V - Rated current: 7.22 A

Condition: good (used), DIGI SM-5500B System Scale SM-5500B, the advanced PC-based system scale printer that provides you with multiple retail solutions. Increases operational turnover, improves operations with integrated queuing and collection system through various innovative features of SM-5500B. Experience true retail solutions offered by DIGI's PC scales. - Linerless printing with integrated automatic cutter - Watermark printing - Speed ID - InfoTag and electronic signage e.Label - Integrated queuing and collection system - Waste management - Interactive screen display Power source 230 V (50/60 Hz.) Operating humidity 15% - 85% RH Non-condensing Operating temperature -10° C to +40° C Nwjdpfx Ask Shm Tjhzjg Operator Display 12.1" Customer display 7 "WVGA (800x480) Interface RS232C, Ethernet (standard) max. 15/30 kg, min. 100g, e = 5/10g, dimensions (in mm) 385(W) x 507(D) x 148(H) Item condition: used Photo is purely indicative More items - new and used - you will find in our store! International shipping costs on request!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2020, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 21-2584 BE ATS, type of input current: three-phase, total height: 1,680 mm, input voltage: 400 V, total width: 2,950 mm, total length: 1,800 mm, air demand: 38 m³/h, Equipment: documentation/manual, Description: For sale: Automatic Cartoning Machine SOCO PACK BE-2200 ATS (RIGHT) High-speed automatic carton erector with bottom sealing module and conveyor Basic information: Model: SOCO BE-2200 ATS RIGHT Type: Automatic carton erector with bottom tape sealing Version: Right-hand (RIGHT) with CE enclosure Condition: New / very well maintained, ready for immediate operation Location: EXW Prešov, Slovakia Technical specifications: Capacity: High-speed operation – suitable for fully automated lines Power supply: 3 x 400 V AC, 50 Hz, 0.5 kW Air consumption: 38 l/cycle, min. 6 bar Discharge height: Adjustable: 560 – 850 mm Pneumatic components: FESTO Control system: Siemens S7-1200 PLC with touch panel and Ethernet connection Operating languages: English, German, Slovak Equipment and features: Automatic bottom carton sealing with tape Horizontal motorized carton magazine (length 1500 mm, capacity approx. 190 cartons) Magazine setup using counter and hand crank – quick format changeover Touchscreen control panel with cycle management, alarms, and demo mode Safety sensors with end-of-conveyor alarm Pneumatic stop system A-60 + powered roller conveyor (1230 mm, height 490–700 mm, speed 20 m/min) Color: RAL 9006 (aluminium grey, powder-coated) Accessories: Extension kit for 0.5 L and 0.7 L cartons Nwodjy Exa Hopfx Ahzsg Feeding brush for square cartons Vacuum suction cups (2 pcs) – cover the full required size range Flap spreader for bottom flaps – suitable for thin or 5-ply cartons Tape monitoring sensor (optional): detects empty tape, breakage, or incorrect application

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, conveyor belt length: 1,000 mm, conveyor belt width: 670 mm, total length: 1,000 mm, total width: 820 mm, total height: 800 mm, power: 0.12 kW (0.16 HP), motor manufacturer: Soco System, Belt Conveyor/ Conveyor Belt/ Belt Conveyor System Manufacturer: Soco System Condition: Used Year of Manufacture: 2016 Overall Length: approx. 1000 mm Overall Width: approx. 820 mm Overall Width without Motor: approx. 670 mm Conveyor Width: approx. 580 mm Conveyor Height: approx. 800 mm (adjustable) Material: Steel/Aluminium - galvanized Belt Type: Plastic - smooth Color: galvanized, dark blue Including Soco motor (0.12 kW) Including feet (height-adjustable) The conveyor system was operational until disassembly. Thanks to the superior workmanship of the conveyor technology, your material glides smoothly to its destination even under heavy loads. Tailor-made solutions for your intralogistics. For roller conveyors, belt conveyors, inclined conveyors, or telescopic conveyors for loading and unloading your goods, we are your competent partner! We are happy to prepare a customized offer for you or provide advice regarding design or installation questions. Simply let us know your requirements and site conditions. Nodpow A S Swsfx Ahzowg Benefit from our many years of experience and excellent network of professionals. We have already successfully implemented projects for companies in various sectors such as logistics, pharmaceutical industry, trades, and the electronics industry. Together, we will find ways to optimize your process and material flow cost-effectively and sustainably. We can also offer you fully automatic sorting systems or complementary components such as order picking racks or containers. Features: Condition: fully functional, with signs of wear Ideal for fast material transport Professionally disassembled and packed Pick-up address: Industriestraße 5 (47918 Tönisvorst)

Condition: excellent (used), System 3R 3R-901-20E compatible 3Refix mandrel Ø20mm Nwodpfx Aow E Hgbehzsg System 3R 3R-901-20E compatible 3Refix mandrel Ø20mm, rust-resistant - 3Refix compatible Ø20 mm - Rust-resistant - Recommended tightening torque 4 Nm - Supplied singly Partly new and unused