Used Frech Daw 200S for sale (11,082)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1995, closing pressure 2200 kN clamping plate 755x755 mm distance between columns 500x500 mm weight of the machine ca. 8 t lock stroke 430 mm capacity of ejector 110 kN ejector stroke 100 mm height of form 250-600 mm column diameter 85 mm casting capacity 130 kN casting plunger stroke 175 mm injection plunger diameter 70,80,90 mm casting volume (DIN 24480) 450,636,856 cm ³ Blodpfxevxlufj Amieh volume cast pressure 335,260,203 kp/cm² casting area 656,846,1078 cm 2 Traverse Stroke 230 mm Used Die Casting machine DAW 200 S with Datavario control for the use of zinc alloys. Available in accordance Recommendation from the manufacturer is general overhaul in the overhaul plant. It can be carried out in the scope of agreement.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1992, closing pressure 600 kN clamping plate 460x460 mm distance between columns 300x300 mm weight of the machine ca. 4,5 t lock stroke 230 mm capacity of ejector 40 kN ejector stroke 70 mm height of form 120-350 mm column diameter 56 mm casting capacity 55 kN casting plunger stroke 130 m/m injection plunger diameter 45,50,55 mm Blodpfxofrvzvs Amieh casting volume (DIN 24480) 76,121,165 cm 2 volume cast pressure 345,280,231 kp/cm² casting area 174,214,260 cm 2 Traverse Stroke 150 m/m Used Die Casting machine DAW 50 with SBC 2 control for the use of zinc alloys. Available from used machine stock. The machine is equipped with an electric furnace from Rauch Typ MO50E and used pneumatic sprayer 401. Recommendation from the manufacturer is some repair in the overhaul plant. It can be carried out in the scope of agreement.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, closing pressure 900 kN clamping plate 540x540 mm distance between columns 350x350 mm weight of the machine ca. 5,5 t lock stroke 280 mm capacity of ejector 60 kN ejector stroke 70 mm height of form 160-400 mm Bedpoyzt D Eofx Amijlh column diameter 65 mm casting capacity 75 kN casting plunger stroke 130 m/m injection plunger diameter 50,55,60 mm casting volume (DIN 24480) 119, 163, 214 cm 2 volume cast pressure 380, 315, 265 kp/cm² casting area 236, 285, 340 cm 2 Traverse Stroke 150 m/m General overhauled Die Casting machine DAW 80 GO with DataLogic control for the use of zinc alloys. Excerpt from the overhaul: · Upgrade of the machine with new control cabinet and operator panel including new electric machine installation · Renewal of the hydraulic system (blocks and valves) · locking unit overhaul Details available upon request The machine is equipped with the following options: Front door motorized, rear door manual handling Cover for drop through area at the subframe Hanging operating desk with monitor 1.0.2 Cover for drop through area at the subframe with scale / chute 3.2.4 Multi-chamber furnace with pump TOC 3.2.1 furnace control cabinet 4.0.1 Hydraulic system for water glycol 6.1.3.1 Wired signal interface for extraction device (DISPO 010) 6.5.2 Equipment package, Remote Service Dialog (RSD) with switch 7.2.2.2 Spraymotion 611 E with servo drive 7.3.1 Lubricant container TD 20 7.4.0.3 Spray rail CR 275 Other options can be offered upon request

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1994, functionality: limited functionality, Used Oskar Frech DAW 125 with control cabinet and crucible Blsdpfx Aewywn Esmijh

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1994, closing pressure 600 kN clamping plate 460x460 mm distance between columns 300x300 mm weight of the machine ca. 4,5 t lock stroke 230 mm capacity of ejector 40 kN ejector stroke 70 mm height of form 120-350 mm column diameter 56 mm casting capacity 55 kN casting plunger stroke 130 m/m injection plunger diameter 45,50,55 mm casting volume (DIN 24480) 76,121,165 cm 2 volume cast pressure 345,280,231 kp/cm² casting area 174,214,260 cm 2 Traverse Stroke 150 m/m Used Die Casting machine DAW 50 without control and equipment. As a basic machine for general overhaul in the overhaul plant. It can be carried out in the scope of agreement. Bljdpjtuxmysfx Amijh

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1996, Clamping force: 3150kN, opening force: 10,000daN, closing stroke: 500mm, ejector force/retraction force: 159/82kN, ejector stroke: 120mm, mould height: 300-700mm, platen dimensions: 900x900mm, tie bar spacing: 550x550mm, tie bar diameter: 110mm, injection position: mm, max. injection force: 350kN, injection stroke: 430mm, injection plunger diameter: 50/60/70/80mm, shot volume: 563/811/1103/1441cm³, specific injection pressure: 1783/1238/909/696daN/cm², corresponding projected area: 177/254/347/453cm², max. projected area: 1050cm² at 300daN/cm², operating pressure: 140bar, dry cycle time (DIN 24480): 500, drive motor: 22kW, control: Datacontrol, length: 6900mm, width: 2000mm, height: 2800mm, weight: 14t, operating hours: 77,185h, shot count: at least 1,147,108, however not guaranteed due to a hardware replacement, adjustable opening stroke, with Striko Westofen W455 holding furnace, ABB IRB 2400 (M96/F10) industrial robot, and documentation. An on-site inspection is possible. Blodpfx Asza E Rmsmioh

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, closing pressure 3150 kN Bsdpfx Asvfhrtemijlh clamping plate 900x900 mm distance between columns 550x550 mm weight of the machine ca. 15,5 t lock stroke 500 mm capacity of ejector 159 kN ejector stroke 120 mm height of form 300-700 mm column diameter 110 mm casting capacity 158 kN casting plunger stroke 250 mm injection plunger diameter 70,80,90,100 mm casting volume (DIN 24480) 514,791,1105,1455 cm 2 volume cast pressure 410,316,249,201 kp/cm² casting area 768,996,1265,1597 cm 2 Traverse Stroke 300 mm Used Die Casting machine DAM 315 S with Datacontrol for the use of magnesium alloys. Available from used machine stock. The machine is equipped with an electric furnace from Rauch Typ MMO 315E. Without sprayer. Recommendation from the manufacturer is some repair / general overhaul in the overhaul plant. It can be carried out in the scope of agreement.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, closing pressure 2200 kN clamping plate 755x755 mm distance between columns 500x500 mm weight of the machine ca. 8 t lock stroke 430 mm capacity of ejector 110 kN ejector stroke 100 mm height of form 250-600 mm column diameter 85 mm casting capacity 130 kN casting plunger stroke 175 m/m injection plunger diameter 70,80,90 mm casting volume (DIN 24480) 450,636,856 cm ³ volume cast pressure 335,260,203 kp/cm² casting area 656,846,1078 cm 2 Traverse Stroke 230 m/m Used Die Casting machine DAW XX with XX control and real-time injection for the use of zinc alloys. Available from used machine stock. The machine is equipped with an electric furnace from Rauch Typ XX and used pneumatic sprayer XX. Without sprayer. Recommendation from the manufacturer is some repair / general overhaul in the overhaul plant. It can be carried out in the scope of agreement. ----- Used Die Casting machine DAW XX with XX control for the use of zinc alloys. Available from used machine stock. On the machine some repairs were carried out by us as manufacturer. Amongst other things, the closing unit was overhauled, all cylinders new sealed and recognizable defective parts replaced. The machine is equipped with an electric furnace from Rauch Typ XX and used pneumatic sprayer XX. Without sprayer. ----- Used Die Casting machine DAW XX without control and equipment. As a basic machine for general overhaul in the overhaul plant. It can be carried out in the scope of agreement. Bsdpovvx Hcofx Amislh

Condition: repair required (used), Year of construction: 2001, functionality: not functional, FRECH DAK 720-71 RC Die-Casting Machine, used Bjdpfx Amjwc Tdzoislh Machine number 440403, clamping force 8,000 kN, clamping stroke 825 mm, ejection force 364 kN, ejection stroke 180 mm, mould height 350 to 1,000 mm, clamping platens 1,300 x 1,300 mm, tie bar spacing 825 mm, tie bar diameter 180 mm, maximum casting force 713 kN, casting stroke 600 mm, casting piston diameter 70 to 120 mm, casting volume 1,539 to 4,523 cm³, operating pressure 160 bar, drive motor 45 kW, equipped with MELTEC AVDF 1200/5000 dosing furnace, year 2017, serial number System sold as a donor for spare parts Technical details: Dimensions (L x W x H): approx. 8,000 x 7,500 x 3,500 mm Weight: approx. 36,000 kg Year of manufacture: 2001

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, workpiece weight max. 2000 g Bledpfx Amoy Diaueijh used weightcontrol WC2000 for die casting machines up to a unit weight of 2000 grams. The device has been checked and repaired by the manufacturer

Year of construction: 1988, condition: used, Platform trolleys, transport trolleys, heavy-duty trolleys, table trolleys, assembly trolleys, industrial trailers -Industrial trailer with: 1-axle turntable steering -4 roller conveyors, rollers: Ø 65 x 365 mm -Load capacity: max. 6800 kg -Tires: solid rubber Bledpfjfk Smujx Amieh -Trailer hitch -External dimensions: 4760/2730/H585 mm -Own weight: 1100 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1989, An aluminum die casting system is available. Clamping force: 2200kN, opening force: 71kN, max. opening stroke: 430mm, mold closure: double toggle lever, pressure chamber: cold chamber, position: horizontal. Filling piston diameter min./max.: 40mm/70mm, pressure chamber filling volume min./max.: 293cm³/898cm³, casting pressure: 1990bar, blast area min./max.: 110cm²/338cm², output: 780 cycles/h. Clamping plate dimensions X/Y: 755mm/755mm, column spacing: 500mm/500mm, mold height min./max.: 250mm/600mm, min. mold dimensions X/Y: 296mm/296mm. Including crucible furnace, blow-out device, automatic dosing unit and 4x control cabinets. Documentation available. Bodoucfwpepfx Amijlh

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2020, closing pressure 600 kN clamping plate 460x460 mm distance between columns 300x300 mm lock stroke 230 mm ejector stroke 70 mm capacity of ejector 40 kN height of form 120-350 mm Column diameter 56 mm casting capacity 54 kN Injection stroke 130 mm injection piston diameter 45, 50, 55 mm Casting volum 109. 150, 194 cm³ volume cast pressure 339. 274, 226 daN/cm² Casting area 176, 218, 264 cm² weight of the machine ca. 3,5 t Bedeiu Smbepfx Amiolh Equipment of the machine 1.0.1 Cover for drop through area at the subframe 1.0.2 Cover for drop through area at the subframe with scale/chute 1.1.0 Motorized guard in casting direction left 1.4.0 Machine positioning mounting pads 1.5.4 Machine interior illumination 1.11.0 Convenience package energy efficiency 2.0.1 Ejector assistance packages 2.4.2 Securing of ejector platen 2.6.4 Machine assistance system SensiLock 2.8.0 Hydraulic adjustment of locking unit for shot positioning 3.1.1 Nitrogen pressure control for piston accumulator 3.2.4 Multi-Chamber furnace with pump 3.2.5 Isolated Cover for Crucible Multi-chamber-furnace 3.4.4 Prefilling process 3.4.5 Simplified piston removal 3.4.6 Piston stop during return stroke 3.5.2 Electric nozzle and gooseneck heating (extended version) 4.5.0 Shut-off facility for hydraulic locking and injection unit 4.6.1.2 Integrated water circuit 2+4 circuits 5.1.0 Machine control DATADIALOG - Realtime Control (RC) 5.1.2 Convenience Package – Casting – 5.2.1 Ejector Pressure graphics in DATADIALOG control 5.4.1 Data logging Scope 5.4.2 Configurable In- and Outputs 5.6.0 Special cable lengths 6.1.3.1 Digital interface for Non-FRECH extractor (Dispo 10) 6.1.4 Serial interface for 4 heating-cooling circuits ROBAMAT 3.1 6.3.1.1 Hanging operating desk with monitor 6.5.2 Service Package RSD with Switch for each additional machine 7.2.2.2 Spraymotion 611 E with servo drive, 1-circuit 7.2.10 Extended spraying program for spraymotion 7.3.1 Lubricant container TD 20 7.4.0.2 Spray rail CR 245 7.12.3 Low noise chute

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2018, pan capacity 420 kg Single-Chamber Meltec Furnace Typ Z20/120C unused as new for DAW20A or DAW20S with stainless steel crucible. Crucible content 420kg/Zn. Melting capacity 120kg/Zn/h Electrical Connection 21,5kW Bledpstv Rlzsfx Amish With control cabinet.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, closing pressure 240 kN clamping plate 380x380 mm distance between columns 250x250 mm weight of the machine ca. 3,0 t lock stroke 180 mm capacity of ejector 28 kN ejector stroke 50 mm height of form 120-300 mm column diameter 45 mm casting capacity 43 kN casting plunger stroke 85 m/m injection plunger diameter 36,40,45 mm casting volume (DIN 24480) 47,63,87 cm ³ volume cast pressure 420,340,270 da/cm² casting area 56,70,88 cm 2 Traverse Stroke 150 m/m Equipment of the machine Bodpfxsx Hp E Ao Amielh 1.0.2 Cover for drop through area at the subframe with scale/chute 1.0.3 Cover for small parts in the subframe 1.1.0 Motorized guard in casting direction left 1.4.0 Machine positioning mounting pads 1.5.4 Machine interior illumination 1.11.0 Convenience package energy efficiency 2.0.1.2 Ejector function package "Technology" including SensiEject 2.6.4 Machine assistance system SensiLock 2.8.0 Hydraulic adjustment of locking unit for shot positioning 3.0.1.2 Casting assistance package Technology including SensiInject 3.2.9 EcoMelTec multi-chamber furnace with pump (surcharge) 3.4.4 Prefilling process 3.4.5 Simplified piston removal 3.4.6 Piston stop during return stroke 3.5.2 Electric nozzle and gooseneck heating (extended version) 3.5.3 Plug-in connections for electric nozzle and gooseneck heating 4.5.0 Shut-off facility for hydraulic locking and injection unit 4.6.1.2 Integrated water circuit 2+4 circuits 5.1.0 Machine control DATADIALOG - Realtime Control (RC) 5.1.5 Maintenance plus package 5.6.0 Special cable lengths 6.1.3.1 Wired signal interface for extraction device (DISPO 010) 6.1.4 Serial interface for 4 heating-cooling circuits ROBAMAT 3.1 6.1.5 Interface for Vacuum unit 6.3.1.1 Hanging operating desk with monitor 6.5.2 Service Package RSD with Switch for each additional machine 7.2.1.2 Spraymotion 411 E with servo drive 7.2.10 Extended spraying program for spraymotion 7.3.1 Lubricant container TD 20 7.4.0.1 Spray rail CR 155

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, used electric sprayer Spraymotion 411 E for die casting machines. The device has been tested by the manufacturer for function Bodpstwfknjfx Amislh Included support unit and spray- and blowrail (system SR) Connection 24 pin plug electric driving unit with 400mm stroke length

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, closing pressure 900 kN clamping plate 540x540 mm distance between columns 350x350 mm weight of the machine ca. 5,3 t lock stroke 280 mm capacity of ejector 61 kN ejector stroke 70 mm height of form 160-400 mm column diameter 65 mm casting capacity 78 kN casting plunger stroke 130 m/m injection plunger diameter 50,55,60 mm casting volume (DIN 24480) 147, 191, 241 cm 2 volume cast pressure 396, 327, 275 da/cm² casting area 226, 274, 326 cm 2 Traverse Stroke 220 m/m Equipment of the machine 1.0.2Cover for drop through area at the subframe with scale/chute 1.1.0Motorized guard in casting direction left 1.4.0Machine positioning mounting pads 1.5.4Machine interior illumination 1.11.0Convenience package energy efficiency 2.0.1Ejector assistance packages 2.6.4Machine assistance system SensiLock 2.8.0Hydraulic adjustment of locking unit for shot positioning 3.0.1Casting assistance package Basic 3.2.9 EcoMelTec multi-chamber furnace with pump (surcharge) 3.4.4Prefilling process 3.4.5Simplified piston removal Bedor Hwf Aepfx Amislh 3.4.6Piston stop during return stroke 3.5.2Electric nozzle and gooseneck heating (extended version) 3.5.3 Plug-in connections for electric nozzle and gooseneck heating 4.5.0Shut-off facility for hydraulic locking and injection unit 4.6.1.3Integrated water circuit 2+6 circuits 5.1.0Machine control DATADIALOG - Realtime Control (RC) 5.1.5Maintenance plus package 5.6.1Special cable lengths 6.1.3.1Digital interface for Non-FRECH extractor (Dispo 10) 6.1.4Serial interface for 4 heating-cooling circuits ROBAMAT 3.1 6.1.5 Interface for Vacuum unit 6.3.1.1Hanging operating desk with monitor 6.5.2Service Package RSD with Switch for each additional machine 7.2.2.2Spraymotion 611 E with servo drive, 1-circuit 7.2.10Extended spraying program for spraymotion 7.3.1Lubricant container TD 20 7.4.0.3Spray rail CR 275

Condition: new, new ! all stainless steel safety lid 2 mixing directions (manual or automatic) tiltable CE-approved power : 2,2 kW overall dimensions (l x w x h) : ± 1.300 x 600 x 1.300 mm The Barmix 200 liter paddle mixer is an ideal machine for mixing all types of food products within the meat, poultry, fish, vegetables, dairy, cereal, confectionery, petfood and sandwich filling industry. Bledoy Ur Dwepfx Amieh Mixing for meat and vegetarian burgers, sausages, meatballs, coleslaw, potato salad and other wet salads, mash potato, vegetables fresh and frozen, cereals, raw petfood Also suitable for dry products, such as herbs, ingredients, powders, granules, nuts, grains, seeds, kernels, dried fruit, Granola, etc.

Condition: reconditioned (used), Year of construction: 2002, operating hours: 44,590 h, functionality: fully functional, pressing force: 200 t, filling opening width: 2,000 mm, filling opening length: 1,020 mm, bale width: 1,100 mm, bale height: 1,100 mm, bale weight: 1,000 kg, oil tank capacity: 3,100 l, year of last overhaul: 2026, volume flow: 795 m³/h, Technical data baler: Manufacturer MACPRESSE EUROPA S.R.L. Typ 112 Year of construction 2002, partially refurbished in December 2025 Operating hours 44,590 hours, stand December 2025 Press power main press 200 tons Specific press capacity 16,5 kg/cm² Feed channel 2,000 x 1,020 mm Filling volume 2,65 cm³ Theoretic throughput rate 795 m³/h Bale size 1,100 x 1,100 mm, length variable Driving motor 2 x 75 kW Tying system 5-fold horizontal, full automatic Blsdpoy Uruvsfx Amieh Throughput rate at MSW approx. 48 up to 54 tons/h, depends on material Volume hydraulic oil tank 3,100 l Machine weight baler approx. 50,8 tons Scope of delifery: 1 piece baler MACPRESSE, type 111A 1 operating manual with CE declaration, electrical and hydraulic circuit diagram Comments: The machine was serviced and partially overhauled in our workshop. The following work was carried out and parts replaced: • Hydraulic oil tank emptied and cleaned • Oil and air filters replaced • New hydraulic oil filled • All hydraulic hoses replaced • Press ram dismantled, broken down into individual parts, mechanics made operational • Front two main rollers replaced • Knives on the press ram replaced • Main hydraulic cylinder dismantled, disassembled, cylinder tube and piston rod checked, complete seal set replaced • Counter knife in the frame replaced • Knife gap adjusted to approx. 3 mm • Upper steel guide rails in the frame on the left and right replaced. • Worn press base cut out, base plate replaced with wear-resistant HARDOX steel. • Binding and twisting unit dismantled, broken down into individual parts, mechanics made functional, all twisting shafts and ball bearings replaced. • All wire rollers in the needle heads replaced • Wire knives cleaned and readjusted, chains greased and tensioned • All wire deflection rollers made operational • All door contact switches replaced • Wirbulator device dismantled, disassembled and made operational • General maintenance work carried out Finally, the press was subjected to a machine test in manual and automatic mode, see video for the machine function test. The documentation (BA, CE, electrical/hydraulic circuit diagram) is complete. Viewing is possible by appointment. We accept no liability for the technical specifications or any errors.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2010, Suitable for automatic grinding of tooth faces, tooth backs, and bases on carbide-tipped circular saw blades in a single setup. All common tooth geometries (flat, alternate, trapezoidal, etc.) can be ground automatically and in a single pass. Accessories: Full enclosure Measuring probe Grinding device with oil cooling Automatic fire extinguishing system Grinding mist extraction system N 183 Alphanumeric keypad Oil drip tray Machine light saw diameter: 80-840 mm Bore diameter: from 10 mm sheet thickness: < 8 mm Bledpfx Amjwp Ebleish Tooth pitch: 6 - 120 mm Cutting length:

Condition: used, twin shaft paddle mixer mixer capacity 1.250 L. 200 mm – head with tool trolley all stainless steel dimensions mixer (l x w x h) : ± 2.350 x 2.000 x 2.600 mm Blsdpfx Amoy Sz Imsioh loading height : 2.200mm pneumatic lid

Condition: new, new ! all stainless steel closed lid with seal Blodpfoy Sz Iaex Amijh 2 mixing directions (manual or automatic) tiltable CE-approved power : 2,2 kW overall dimensions (l x w x h) : ± 1.300 x 600 x 1.300 mm The Barmix 200 liter paddle mixer is an ideal machine for mixing all types of food products within the meat, poultry, fish, vegetables, dairy, cereal, confectionery, petfood and sandwich filling industry. Mixing for meat and vegetarian burgers, sausages, meatballs, coleslaw, potato salad and other wet salads, mash potato, vegetables fresh and frozen, cereals, raw petfood Also suitable for dry products, such as herbs, ingredients, powders, granules, nuts, grains, seeds, kernels, dried fruit, Granola, etc.

Condition: new, The KF 200 is a robust Edge Beveling Machine from KNUTH, designed for efficient chamfering, deburring, and 45° beveling of steel, aluminum, and a variety of other materials. Its compact dimensions and simple operation make it particularly well-suited for large workpieces, including heavy metal sheets and long profiles. With tungsten alloy blades, the KF 200 offers superior tensile strength, hardness, and longevity, ensuring that demanding tasks are executed with precision. This machine operates at a speed of 3,500 revolutions per minute and can achieve chamfer heights ranging from 0 to 5 mm, making it versatile for different applications. Standard equipment includes a set of cutting inserts and an operator manual, allowing you to start working immediately. Whether you're preparing weld joints or performing intricate deburring tasks, the KF 200 stands out in the Edge Beveling Machines category. To enhance your production capabilities, request a quote today and elevate your sheet metal processing with KNUTH. Bljdpjq Ny R Sefx Amish

Condition: new, The DSB 200 D is a robust tool grinder in the Tool Grinders category by KNUTH, designed for sanding, grinding, and deburring metal parts and tools with precision. This heavy-duty machine features a rigid cast-iron body and a maintenance-free motor, ensuring durability and optimal performance. With a balanced rotor and premium bearings, it operates quietly, providing excellent results while prioritizing safety with an emergency stop switch and a safety observation shield. The DSB 200 D comes standard with a sturdy base and includes two universal corundum wheels, making it ideal for industrial use with a motor rating of 0.9 kW and a speed of 2,950 1/min. This tool grinder is engineered to withstand the rigors of workshop conditions, ensuring long tool life. For those looking for a reliable tool grinder, the DSB 200 D is the perfect choice. Request a quote today to learn more about the Tool Grinders and the unparalleled performance of this product group. Bodpowub Hnofx Amielh

Condition: new, Edge sanding machine HOLZKRAFT KSO 200 F - Exhibition machine - Relief rollers on the fence rulers, with swiveling sanding unit, and oscillating sanding belt, Veneer sanding device, Oscillation with separate motor, height-adjustable sanding table, extendable roller table extension, rubberized sanding drum ----- Technical data ----- Sanding belt dimensions: 3,000 x 200 mm, Work table dimensions: 960 x 350 mm, Work table height adjustment: 230 mm, Sanding surface: 1,050 x 300 mm, Belt speed: 20 m/sec, Oscillation stroke: 20 mm, Suction nozzle Ø: 140 mm, Blodpju R S Erefx Amish Motor 400 V: 4.0 HP / 3.0 kW, Dimensions (LxWxH): 1,900 x 900 x 1,350 mm, Weight: 290 kg - new exhibition machine -