Used Mazak for sale (297)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2015, A CNC vertical long-bed machining center Mazak is available. Travel X/Y/Z: 3000mm/800mm/720mm, B-axis: 110°, C-axis: 360°, table diameter: 600mm, long-bed table dimensions X/Y: 3500mm/820mm, max. table load: 2500kg, spindle interface: BT40, speed: 18000rpm, rapid traverse: 50m/min, tool stations: 48, coolant pressure: 70bar. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 5250mm/3650mm/3200mm, weight: approx. 16100kg, control: Mazatrol Matrix 2, spindle hours: 18502h. Including rotary table Nikken CNC 601MA, high-pressure coolant, center partition wall, Renishaw probe, touch probe RMP 60Q, CAD/CAM software Topsolid 7.18 and postprocessor. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Bodpfx Aijx Ih Dmsweww

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2005, MAZAK lathe Model: QTN 350 MY X 1500 Bodpfez Apkbsx Aiwjww Year 2005 Control unit: Fusion 640 Maximum turning diameter (capacity): 720 Machinable diameter / standard machinable diameter (capacity): 420 Maximum machinable length*1 (capacity): 1500 mm Bar capacity (capacity): 102 Centering dimensions (main spindle): 315 Spindle speed (main spindle): 3300 Spindle nose (main spindle): ASA 11 Spindle bore (main spindle): 112 Spindle speed (powered tool spindle): 4000 Travel (tailstock): 1550 Taper (tailstock): CM 5 Main spindle motor (continuous / 40% duty) (motors): 37 Kw Coolant tank (coolant): 400 l Steady rest: SLUB4

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, Opportunity to purchase a Mazak 3 axis vertical machining center in good working condition. Immediately available for delivery. Viewing possible upon appointment. Including a chip conveyor, cooling 15bar through the spindle, Renishaw measuring probe and tool presetter. Cnc control Mazatrol PC Fusion CNC 640 M Nexus Table Size (Clamping Surface) 550 x 1300 mm Maximum Table Load 1200 kg Number of T-Slots 5 Bwedpfszkwiujx Aiwsw T-Slot Spacing 100 mm Slot Width 18 mm Rapid Traverse 36000 mm/min Spindle speed Range 40 – 12,000 rpm Cutting feed Rate 1 – 8,000 mm/min Tool shank MAS BT-40 Tool positions 30 Max. tool diameter 80 mm Max. tool length 350 mm Max. tool weight 8 kg Chip conveyor yes Machine weight 7100 kg

Year of construction: 2011, operating hours: 45,000 h, condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 410 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 140 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 805 mm, spindle diameter: 150 mm, spindle bore: 51 mm, spindle speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, MAZAK INTEGREX 100 IV ST multitasking center Year 2011 Control unit: Matrix Maximum workable length: 753 mm Maximum workable diameter: 545 mm Bar diameter: 51 mm Main spindle diameter: 200 mm, 2-jaw chuck Main spindle power and speed: 11 KW, 5000 rpm C-axis: 360° Counter-spindle diameter: 200 mm, 2-jaw chuck, self-centering Counter-spindle power and speed: 11 KW, 5000 rpm C-axis on counter-spindle: 555 X-axis travel: 410 Y-axis travel: 140 Z-axis travel: 805 B-axis travel: 225° Milling spindle power: 5.5 KW Bwedpfx Aezz Rxweiwsw Milling spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Spindle mounting: CAPTO C6 Maximum tool storage capacity: 40 tools Lower turret: 9 positions, CAPTO High-pressure system through the spindle: 20 BAR Chip conveyor: belt type Automatic door Robot interface

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1999, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 533143283, travel distance X-axis: 2,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 750 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 750 mm, controller manufacturer: MAZATROL, workpiece height (max.): 750 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 3,000 kg, table width: 800 mm, table length: 2,240 mm, overall weight: 14,000 kg, Mazak MTV-815/80 • Table size: 2,240 mm × 810 mm • Maximum table/workpiece load: 3,000 kg evenly distributed • Maximum spindle speed: 40 - 6,000 rpm • Spindle taper: SK 50 • Spindle power/torque (standard): e.g. 18.5 kW and 759 N·m at 40% duty cycle / 30 min rating; for high-power version: 26 kW and 1,067 N·m. Bsdpfex E Twaox Aiwsww Inkluded loading on truck All information provided without guarantee

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, operating hours: 615 h, spindle motor power: 22,000 W, spindle speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 580 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 80 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,045 mm, total height: 2,597 mm, total width: 2,060 mm, overall weight: 9,700 kg, controller manufacturer: MAZATROL, controller model: PC FUSION CNC 640MT Pro, product length (max.): 3,820 mm, number of axes: 5, This 5-axis Mazak INTEGREX 200 III S was manufactured in 2004. It features a maximum turning diameter of 660 mm and a maximum workpiece weight of 150 kg. The machine is equipped with a tool magazine capacity of 80 slots and a rapid traverse speed of 38 m/min on the X and Z axes. If you are looking to get high-quality turning and milling capabilities, consider the Mazak INTEGREX 200 III S turn-mill centre we have for sale. Contact us for further details. - Max. Swing Diameter: 660 mm- Max. Turning Diameter: 660 mm- Max. Turning Diameter over Slide: 500 - 660 mm- Max. Bar Working Diameter: 51 mm- Max. Workpiece Weight (incl. Chuck) - Chuck Workpiece: 100 kg- Max. Workpiece Weight (incl. Chuck) - Shaft Workpiece: 150 kg- Main Spindle Speed Range (Stepless): 35 - 5,000 rpm- Main Spindle Drive Power (30 min. rating / 100% continuous operation): 22 kW / 15 kW- Main Spindle Max. Torque: 349 Nm- Main Spindle Nose: A2-6"- Main Spindle Bore: Diameter 76 mm- Main Spindle Chuck Diameter: 210 mm- Main Spindle Indexing (C-Axis): 0.0001°- Second Spindle Drive Power (30 min. rating / 100% continuous operation): 18.5 kW / 15 kW- Second Spindle Speed Range: 35 - 5,000 rpm- Second Spindle Max. Torque: 326 Nm- Second Spindle Indexing (C-Axis): 0.0001°- Second Spindle Chuck Diameter: 210 mm- Tool Turret Design: Single spindle turret for stationary or driven tools- Driven Tools (IPM Motor) Drive Power (20% ED): 15 kW- Driven Tools Max. Torque: 120 Nm- Driven Tools Speed Range: 15 - 12,000 rpm- Tool Taper: MAZAK KM 63 quick-change system (for stationary tools)- Tool Magazine Type: Drum type- Tool Magazine Capacity: 80 slots (equipped for stationary and driven tools)- Tool Weight: max. 10 kg- Tool Diameter: max. 90 mm- Tool Diameter (with free adjacent slots): max. 125 mm- Tool Length: max. 300 mm- Tool Change Time (Tool-to-Tool step 1): approx. 1.3 s- Travel Y-Axis: +/- 80 mm- Travel W-Axis: 1050 mm- B-Axis Swivel Range: -30° to +195°- Rapid Traverse Speed X-Axis: 38 m/min- Rapid Traverse Speed Y-Axis: 26 m/min- Rapid Traverse Speed Z-Axis: 38 m/min- Rapid Traverse Speed W-Axis: 30 m/min- Rapid Traverse Speed C-Axis: 400 rpm- Feed Range X-Axis: 0 - 8,000 mm/min- Feed Range Z-Axis: 0 - 8,000 mm/min- Feed Range Y-Axis: 0 - 8,000 mm/min- Coolant Tank Capacity: 220 L- Pump Delivery Rate: approx. 20 l/min- Pump Pressure: approx. 5 bar- Pump Power: 635 W- Connected Load: 61.4 kVA- Operating Voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz- Pneumatic Pressure: 5 bar, 500 l/min- Total Operating Hours: 3,520 hours (Recorded on 2026/05/04)- Automatic Process Time: 1,581 hours- Automatic Cutting Time: 1,267 hours- Pure Cutting Time: 905 hours- Operating Time: 615 hours- Standard Accessories / Additional Equipment:- B-Axis (0.0001° positioning axis)- C-Axis (0.0001°)- Y-Axis- Spindle orientation on second spindle- Synchronization of main and second spindle- Hydraulic 3-jaw chuck diameter 210 mm, Type KITAGAWA B-208, including 1 set of soft jaws (Main Spindle)- Hydraulic 3-jaw chuck diameter 210 mm, Type KITAGAWA B-208, including 1 set of soft jaws (2nd Spindle)- Dual foot switch for opening/closing the chucks for main and 2nd spindle- Feedback of chuck status (open/closed) for main and 2nd spindle- Air blow-out device on chuck (Second Spindle)- Tool Setter (Tool Eye)- Front door interlock- Complete coolant system- Coolant and chip guard via fully enclosed work area- Work area lighting- Chip Conveyor System (Mayfran ConSep unit visible) Technical Specification Bjdozr U Auepfx Aiwoww Counter Spindle Yes

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, TOP CONDITION - OVERHAULED IN 2026! Year of construction: 2007 Table format: 3000 x 1500 x 250 mm Power: 2500W Control: Fanuc incl. cooler incl. pipe axis incl. 5 axis 3D torch incl. programming software incl. training incl. commissioning incl. ball roller table FE: up to 20mm VA: up to 12mm oxide-free designed for high pressure cutting up to 20 bar No Foundation is necessary! Optional automatic loading and unloading by Mazak CELL510 Bwsdo Afix Ispfx Aiwsw could be offered with warranty / commissioning / training always regularly serviced

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2000, functionality: fully functional, 2x MAZAK horizontal machining centers + FMS with 12 stations and 2 loading/unloading bays Model: FH 5800 Year: 2000 Maximum workpiece height: 710 mm Maximum table load: 500 KG X-axis travel: 710 Y-axis travel: 610 Z-axis travel: 660 Spindle connection: BT Maximum spindle speed: 12,000 Spindle power: 22 KW Table size: 500 x 500 Table indexing: 1 degree Tool magazine capacity: 120 tools per station High-pressure system through the spindle: 50 Bar, with a separate tank and paper filter Maximum workpiece diameter: 720 mm Tool presetting with contact probe for length and tool presence Chip conveyor: belt type Bjdpfoz Apgcsx Aiwsww

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 168121, Equipment: documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Max. turning Ø 130 mm X-Axis 300 mm Z-Axis Bsdpewhrniefx Aiwjww 240 mm Spindle bore 32 mm Speedrange 7000 rpm

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, turning diameter: 660 mm, spindle speed (max.): 5,000 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 35 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 580 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 160 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,045 mm, total height: 2,600 mm, total length: 3,820 mm, total width: 2,060 mm, overall weight: 10,400 kg, Equipment: documentation/manual, CNC Turning Milling centre with Second Spindle CNC Control Mazatrol PC Fusion CNC 640 MT PRO Turning diameter 550/660 mm Turning length 1016 mm Spindle bore diameter 65 mm Spindle speed 35-5000 R/min X-axis movement 580 mm Y-axis movement 160 mm Z-axis movement 1045 mm B-axis travel 225 ° mm C-axis indexing 360° Spindle nose A2-6 Tool Taper Capto C6 Number of tools in magazine 40 If you have any questions concerning the machine, please do not hesitate to contact us by phone or e-mail. Bwjdjzv Sfbspfx Aiwew

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2011, CNC Lathe with y-axis MAZAK - QTN 250 MY MACH-ID 9483 Make: MAZAK Bsdpoyyxzmjfx Aiweww Type: QTN 250 MY Control: Mazatrol Matrix Nexus Year: 2011 Please Note: The information on this page has been obtained to the best of our ability and belief, and from the manufacturers where possible. It is given in good faith, but its accuracy can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, it will not form a representation or constitute contractual terms. We advise you to check any vital details!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1991, Mazak Super Quick Turn 15M – CNC turning machine with C-axis and powered tools Year of manufacture: 08/1991 Bedpfx As Ad R Hdeiwjww

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, turning diameter: 435 mm, spindle motor power: 11,000 W, spindle speed (min.): 35 rpm, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 160 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 360 mm, type of input current: three-phase, total height: 1,900 mm, total length: 2,500 mm, total width: 1,500 mm, quill stroke: 275 mm, quill diameter: 55 mm, overall weight: 3,600 kg, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, Control system: Mazatrol T-32-3 12-tool turret, tailstock included. Bwodpfxszxy Ntj Aiwow

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, turning diameter: 435 mm, spindle motor power: 11,000 W, spindle speed (min.): 35 rpm, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 160 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 360 mm, type of input current: three-phase, total height: 1,900 mm, total length: 2,500 mm, total width: 1,500 mm, quill stroke: 275 mm, quill diameter: 55 mm, overall weight: 3,600 kg, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, Control system: Fusion 640 t 12-position tool turret, tailstock included Bwedpfx Aszxyupeiwjw Chip conveyor included

Year of construction: 2016, condition: used, Number of machnines 10 0 Cycle time . /min production capacity . Control . Everything must go due to business closure: High-quality machining centers (Deckel Maho, DMG, Mazak, Spinner) & accessories, cabinets, vices, material, grinding machines, EDM machine, measuring machine, on July 16, 2026 Dear Sir or Madam, dear business partners and interested parties, Due to the complete liquidation of the mechanical engineering company Schröter Maschinenbau GmbH, we are organizing an exclusive, one-day sale for the entire company, machine, and workshop equipment. Take this opportunity to acquire professional production facilities and extensive accessories directly from the location. Prospectus & Sale Overview: • Date: Thursday, July 16, 2026 Bwsdpfx Aiszk Rc Ijwjw • Time: 9:00 AM to 2:00 PM • Address: Lenneperstr. 188, 42855 Remscheid • Type of Sale: Direct sale against cash payment / or upon pickup and loading. You will receive an invoice. Ex location. Excerpt from the Sales Portfolio: • Multiple CNC Machining Centers: High-precision milling and drilling centers in ready-to-use condition. • Extensive Accessories: Tool holders, clamping devices, vices, measuring technology, and precision tools. • Workshop Equipment: Heavy-duty shelving, workbenches, workshop trolleys, as well as various hand and power tools. Get an Impression: To give you a precise picture of the machines, their condition, and the available accessories in advance, we have compiled a digital overview with photos and technical details for you. Simply click on the following link: ?usp=drive_link Important Notes: The sale is strictly on an "as is, where is" basis and excludes any warranty. The buyer is solely responsible for the dismantling, disassembly, and transport of the purchased items. Please plan your visit well in advance! We will close the gates at 2:00 PM. Should it run a bit later, please feel free to contact us by phone! We look forward to your attendance.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, x-travel 1660 mm Bodpfxeztfuwj Aiwsww y-travel 510 mm z-travel 510 mm control Mazatrol 640M

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, x-travel 1120 mm y-travel 510 mm z-travel 510 mm Bedpfeztfu Djx Aiwoww control Mazatrol 640 M

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2000, travel distance X-axis: 1,120 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 510 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, spindle speed (max.): 10,000 rpm, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis Mazak VTC-200B was manufactured in 2000. It features an X-axis stroke of 1120 mm, Y-axis stroke of 510 mm, and Z-axis stroke of 510 mm. The machine has a spindle speed of 10,000 rpm and uses a SK40 tool shank. If you are looking to get high-quality machining capabilities, consider the Mazak VTC-200B vertical machining centre we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Notes/condition: • Screen defective; NC module requires repair • New X-axis installed 3 years ago • All relays replaced 3 years ago • 2025: New spindle motor installed (worth €6,900 excl. VAT) • 2022: New power supply (worth €3,900) Technical Specification Taper Size SK 40 Bodpfxsz R A Tkj Aiwsww

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2021, spindle speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 450 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 200 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 960 mm, number of axes: 5, This 5-axis Mazak INTEGREX J-200 S was manufactured in 2021. It features a maximum machining diameter of 500 mm, X-axis travel of 450 mm, Y-axis travel of 200 mm, and Z-axis travel of 960 mm. The machine is equipped with a 36-tool magazine and a maximum spindle speed of 4,000 rpm. If you are looking to get high-quality mill-turn capabilities, consider the Mazak INTEGREX J-200 S machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Control: Smooth G • Distance between spindles: 1000 + 440 mm • Max machining diameter: 500 mm Bsdpfxjyxc N Ej Aiweww • Spindle attachment: A2-6 • Max bar capacity: 65 mm • Spindle bore: 76 mm • Tool magazine: 36 Capto Additional equipment • Chip conveyor: Mayfran belt type

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, spindle speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 310 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 605 mm, CNC Lathe Manufacturer: MAZAK Bedpfxjyb S Nrj Aiweww Model: Multiplex 6300 Year of manufacture: 2007 Control: MAZATROL 640T Technical specifications: - Swing diameter: 430 mm - Distance between spindles: 1450 mm - X-axis: 310 mm - Z-axis: 605 mm - Spindle speed: 4,000 rpm Equipment & accessories: - Gantry loader In our assessment, the machine is in good used condition and can be inspected under power by appointment. Accessories, tools, and workholding devices shown are included in the scope of delivery only if noted in the additional information. Subject to technical changes, errors, and prior sale.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2006, operating hours: 37,000 h, functionality: fully functional, number of slots in tool magazine: 60, Equipment: documentation/manual, 5-axis machining center MAZAK VARIAXIS I 500 with pallet changer Year: 2006 Numerical control: Mazatrol Matrix Controlled axes: 5 continuous axes X-axis travel: 510 mm Y-axis travel: 510 mm Z-axis travel: 460 mm A-axis: -120° / +30° C-axis: 360° Bodpfx Aiszz R Acewjww Table size: 500 x 400 mm x 2 Maximum load on the table: 300 kg Distance from spindle nose to horizontal table: 190 - 650 mm Distance from spindle nose to vertical table: 140 - 600 mm Maximum spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Spindle power: 22 kW Tool magazine capacity (automatic tool changer): 60 Chip conveyor

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2005, Make: YAMAZAKI MAZAK U.K. LTD Type of machine: VTC-200C Year of manufacture: 2005 Control system: Mazatrol 640 M Machine's weight: 8.260 kg Tool holder: SK 40 x-travel: 1.660 mm y-travel: 510 mm Bjdozru Rfepfx Aiwoww z-travel: 510 mm Speed range: 12.000 U/min Table dimensions: 2.000 × 510 mm Number of tools in the magazine: 24 Plätze

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, Mazak VC Nexus 510C Mazatrol 640M Nexus Bwjdozw Amropfx Aiwsw Year of manufacture: 2005 Table: 1300 x 550 mm X: 1050 mm Y: 510 mm Z: 510 mm 12,000 RPM/18.5 kW spindle: ISO-40 ATC: 30 positions tool measure, CTS 15 bar Performance CNC optional package

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, MAZAK INTEGREX i-250H S Max. machining diameter: 670 mm Max. machining length: 1,585 mm Max. milling speed: 12,000 rpm Max. spindle speed: 5,000 rpm Max. bar diameter: 65 mm Machine is equipped with: - CNC control Mazatrol SmoothAi - Tool magazine for 74 tools (CAPTO C6) - KITAGAWA three-jaw chuck for main spindle, diameter 210 mm - KITAGAWA three-jaw chuck for 2nd spindle, diameter 210 mm - Tool Eye - C-axis - Y-axis - B-axis - Counter spindle with full C-axis - Interface for bar loader magazine - 5-axis machining, basic package - Tailstock function for counter spindle !!! - Preparation for multiple and flash tool tool holders - Preparation for MAZAK Monitoring System B - High-pressure pump 70 bar Bsdpfx Aio Ah Dx Ajwsww - MAYFRAN chip conveyor

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2020, turning diameter 380 mm turning length 511 mm control Mazatrol SmoothG turning diameter over slide 276 mm max. swing diameter over bed 675 mm Standard machining diameter 276 mm bar material dia. 65 mm x-axis 234 mm rapid traverse X-axis 30 m/min z-axis 625 mm rapid traverse Z-axis 33 m/min turning speeds 35 - 5000 U/min spindle nose A2-6 spindle bore 76 mm Motor output (40%ED) 26 KW 22 KW Max. Torque 465 Nm turning speeds 6000 U/min Main drive power 11 KW Max. Torque 90 Nm Milling spindle speeds ( driven tools) 35-6000 1/min torque on milling spindle max: 47 Nm power capacity - milling spindle 5,5 (40% ED) kW Milling spindle power 3,7 kW Numbers of tools 12 (angetrieben) Tool cross section (outside) 25 qmm Boring bar- Ø 40 mm Drill- Ø 20 mm Mill- Ø 20 mm Tap- Ø M20x2,5 Switching time one turret station ca. 0,20 sec coolant tank 180 l connected load 46,2 kW weight of the machine ca. 5,9 t dimensions of the machine ca. 2,7 x 1,9 x 1,9 m incl. the following accessories: - Signal light (3-colour LED), rectangular - High-performance coolant system (1.1 kW) Flow rate max. 17.6 l/min, pressure (at pump) 5 bar. - Additional coolant nozzle main spindle - Preparation for oil mist extraction electrical/mechanical flange 98mm - Preparation for bar feed - Robot interface (Advance/Profibus) - Chip conveyor with low ejection height - Overload monitoring system - Drilling cycle with torque-dependent chip breaking - Preliminary use of a hollow clamping cylinder on counter spindle - Hollow clamping device incl. draw tube + cylinder - Clamping chuck Hainbuch Spanntop Nova Axfix mini size 52 - Chuck Hainbuch Spanntop Nova Axfix special mini size 52 - 2 x collets - Changing device for collet chuck STANDARD ACCESSORIES Bsdpfstugggex Aiwsww Automatic on/off and warm-up function Air blowing device on the chuck on the counter spindle Use of linear systems with guide carriage USB connection (1 connection) Set of manuals in electronic form on CD C-axis main spindle Input accuracy 0.0001° Spindle positioning counter spindle without C-axis Input accuracy 0.001° Tool turret with 12 stations VDI, Operator door with locking switch Double foot switch for both main and counter spindle Hydraulic pressure interlock Fully enclosed work area Work area lighting Safety precautions in accordance with global standards High-performance coolant system (520W) Flow rate max. 11.5 l/min. Complete coolant system Automatic opening/closing of the chuck jaws Automatic tool eye Absolute positioning system Preparation for chip conveyor (lateral) Synchronisation of main and counter spindle Synchronised tapping with milling spindle Relocation Detector Mazatrol SmoothG control 19" LCD colour screen (touch screen) User macro (600 variables) EIA/ISO input function Optional stop (optional stop) Tool path check in the background Thread cutting function (G33) Polar coordinate input (EIA) Drawing data direct input function Interface for LAN SD memory card I/F - Second-hand machine without warranty - All dimensions, weights and performance specifications are non-binding