Used Front Blade Cutting Saw for sale (36,215)

Year of construction: 2006, condition: ready for operation (used), Panel type: Tubular panels for 3-layer parquet, panel length: 2230mm, panel width: 782mm, panel thickness: 9mm-22mm, panel thickness tolerance: 0.5mm/panel, feed rate: 15m-50m/min, output: 12 cycles/min, working height: 1015mm, max. saw blade diameter: 250mm. Extraction included. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. Csdpfxst Amc Ij Ab Dehb

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2024, Technical specifications: - Motor power 2.2 kW S1 - Max. Saw blade diameter: 350 mm Chodpfxjfhbuyj Ab Dob - Saw blade holder: 30 mm - Cutting time per stroke: 1.5 sec. - Speed ​​on the saw shaft: 3800 rpm - Air consumption per cycle: 5 L - Working table height: 900 mm - Extraction nozzle: 2x100 mm - Operating pressure: 7-8 bar - Net weight: approx. 200 kg - Required air flow 1000 m³ / h - Voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz 3-phase - Cutting capacity in mm: 45 x 230 60 x 210 90 x 180 100 x 125 Standard basic equipment: - Saw blade feed pneumatic drive - Automatic engine brake - Set of operating keys - Emergency stop push button - Speed ​​control for saw blade feed - Fixed vertical protection device - Upper safety pressure device (pneumatic protective hood) - Suction speed at least 28m / sec. - Colors: basic stand light gray RAL 7035, doors telegrey RAL 7046, protective shield and protective hood zinc yellow RAL 1018

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER: 7949 Technical data: - Track width: 380 mm - Shaft width: 420 mm - Max saw blade diameter: 400 mm - Saw blade bore diameter: 80 mm - Max cutting height: 120 mm - Table width with clearance: 1060 mm - Table length: 2050 mm – Top section: - Pawl/anti-kickback row - Metal pressure roller - Kickback fingers - 2 metal feed rollers - Hold-down clamp - Saw shaft - 3 metal pressure feed rollers – Bottom section: - Guide - Kickback fingers - Track - Stepless feed speed adjustment - Feed motor: 1.5 kW - Main motor: 30 kW - Centralized track lubrication - Extraction outlet diameter: 250 mm - Roller tables: 2 pcs 1st table length: 3500/800 mm 2nd table length: 2550/800 mm - Roller width: 700 mm - Table height: 950 mm - Overall dimensions (LxWxH): 2950 x 2000 x 2000 mm - Weight: approx. 3000 kg Advantages: Cjdpfx Abszkuaws Dohb - Made in Germany - 2 roller tables - Used multirip saw - Very good condition Net price: 32,900 PLN Net price: 7,833 EUR Net price calculated at the rate of 4.2 PLN/EUR (In case of significant currency fluctuations, the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7901 Technical specifications: - track width: 300mm - working width of roller: 300mm - max saw blade diameter: 350mm - saw blade bore diameter: 70mm - max cutting height: 120mm - table width with extension: 750mm - table length: 1530mm - from above: Chsdpfx Abszul Akj Djb - kickback prevention barriers (safety barrier against material reverse) - metal sliding roller - kickback prevention barriers - metal sliding roller - shaft with saw blades - 2 smooth metal sliding rollers - from below: - guide rail - kickback prevention barriers - track - central track lubrication - stepless feed speed adjustment - feed motor: 1.5kW - main motor: 22kW - brake - suction nozzle diameter: 200mm - overall dimensions (L/W/H): 2300x1370x1570mm - weight approx.: 1700kg ADVANTAGES – Italian manufacturing – very good condition – technical DTR documentation – used multi-blade saw Net price: 32,900 PLN Net price: 7,830 EUR (calculated at 4.2 PLN/EUR) (Prices may change with significant exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7065 TECHNICAL DATA - Max. saw blade diameter: 300 mm - Spindle diameter: 30 mm - Blade guards: 2 pieces - Pneumatic cutting (up/down blade movement) - Saw units adjustable at 45° - Manual spacing adjustment of the saw units - Min. cutting length at 90°: 220 mm - Max. cutting length at 90°: 2820 mm - Cutting width: 110 mm - Cutting height at 90 degrees: 90 mm - Pneumatic clamps: 2 pieces - Foot switch - Material support - Main motor: 2×1.6 kW - Dimensions (L/W/H): 3620x1100x1250 mm - Weight approx. 500 kg – Unpainted – Tilting saw units – Used saw, in very good condition Net price: 13,900 PLN Net price: 3,300 EUR depending on the exchange rate 4.2 EUR Cedpfxszulu To Ab Dohb (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7678 TECHNICAL DATA Cjdpfx Aezulkzjb Dohb - Guide bar length: 1670 mm - Cutting length: 1500 mm - Automatic lubrication of the cutting system - Damping and tensioning system in the head - Manual feed of the guide bar - Electric motor: 7.5 kW - Transport dimensions (L/W/H): 1650x900x2350 mm - Total weight: 240 kg ADVANTAGES – Austrian manufacturing – Suitable for cross-cutting packs or round timber – Unpainted – Mobile, on wheels – Used saw, very good condition Net price: 25,900 PLN Net price: 6,160 EUR depending on an exchange rate of 4.2 EUR (Prices may change with greater fluctuations)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Max. cutting height: 87 mm Max. cutting length approx.: 200 mm Saw blade diameter max.: 250 mm Saw blade speeds via gearbox approx.: 90 - 4000 rpm Drive motor: 380 V, 1.2 kW Space requirement: 1050 x 750 x 1100 mm Cjdpfx Abeznh Hfj Djhb Weight approx.: 210 kg

Year of construction: 2002, condition: excellent (used), SAW KUAG CUT 110 for PP , PE or PVC PIPE With central pipe fixation Cutting and Chamfering without sawdust Cutting with a cutting roller/Circular knife or cutting steel and Carbide insert Chedpou D Udwjfx Ab Dob Min. Pipe diameter 20 mm, Max Pipe diameter 110 mm Year of construction: 2002 Condition: very good Hablamos español Nous parlons français We speak English

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2005, Size untrimmed: max 320 x 490 mm; min 103 x 140 mm Size trimmed: max 307 mm; min 100 mm Cover weight: 100 - 350 g/m² Speed: 1.000 - 6.000 Takte/min Power requirement: 10 kW Weight: 3.800 kg Chodpfx Aetuwnqob Djb Equipment • 2 set of knives

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 7940 TECHNICAL DATA - Max. saw blade diameter: 500mm - Spindle diameter: 30mm - Blade guard included - Hydraulic blade feed - Cutting height: 140mm - Main motor: 4.4kW - Table size (L/W): 570x870mm - Table height from base: 750mm - Roller tables: 2 pcs - Infeed roller table: 1170mm – Outfeed roller table: 1210mm - Sliding roller width: 600mm - Overall dimensions (without roller tables) L/W/H: 1040x820x900mm - Weight: approx. 570kg Cedpfx Aeztzc Deb Dshb ADVANTAGES – Made in Germany – 2 roller tables – Pneumatic saw blade stroke – Used saw in perfect condition Net price: 13,900 PLN Net price: 3,300 EUR (based on exchange rate of 4.2 EUR) (Prices may change with significant fluctuations)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, functionality: fully functional, cutting height (max.): 100 mm, cutting width (max.): 2,500 mm, saw blade diameter: 400 mm, height adjustment type: mechanical, Equipment: saw blade guard, Double-blade panel saw, Eima Type 122 Cutting width, min/max: 210-2500 mm Cutting depth: 2500 mm Maximum blade diameter: 400 mm Cutting height: ~100 mm Motor power: 2 x 4.4 kW Electronic cutting width adjustment Chjdpfx Aezwkrvsb Djb

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2001, machine/vehicle number: 2354, functionality: fully functional, fuel type: electric, Due to the upgrade of our machinery park, we are offering a precision cutting saw for thin-walled aluminum profiles, which are used to manufacture aluminum rims for bicycle wheels. The saw is used for cutting profiles to the diameter of 26, 27.5, 28, and 29-inch rims. Chjdpfx Abjzwgpwo Dob It is in perfect working condition and has been regularly serviced by our in-house technical team at defined intervals. We have four such machines available.

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008502, Max. panel width: 3800 mm Max. panel length: 3800 mm Main saw blade projection: 115 mm No of Grippers: 11 Chsdpfx Aboy Edp He Deb

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2000, Vollmer gang saw squaring machine Codpfx Aozl Nwtob Dehb

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, warranty duration: 11 months, TVM Ø 400 - The Versatile and Customizable Saw for Your Carpentry Workshop The TVM 400 is the all-purpose saw that is essential for your workshop. With a solid and high-performance structure, it is designed to provide an excellent solution for cutting small-section woods, quickly eliminating knots and imperfections. Thanks to the option of customizing it with accessories such as roller conveyors and stops, the TVM 400 ensures maximum versatility and productivity (discover more details in the ACCESSORIES section). Key Features: Efficient and Cost-Effective: Ideal for small and medium-sized carpentry workshops, offering excellent value for money. Ease of Use: Perfect for use without the need for highly skilled personnel, saving time and resources. Reliability: Always ready for use, supporting all operational needs and reducing machine downtime. Cost Optimization: With the TVM 400, you get a durable machine that doesn’t require frequent maintenance interventions. Advantages: Operator safety ensured by a design aimed at reducing risks. Optimized ergonomics to improve productivity during processing stages. Wear compensation of materials without the need for frequent replacements. Simplified maintenance to reduce costs and increase efficiency. Ready for CURSAL accessories, offering full customization according to production needs. Chjdpfx Abjv Iqaxo Deb Rationalized cost/quality ratio, making the machine a smart investment. Applications: Production of semi-finished wooden furniture components. Manufacturing of window frames and similar applications. Small-batch production of various types, for specific needs. TVM Ø 500 - The Advanced Solution for High-Volume Production The TVM 500 is one of the most in-demand saws on the market for its ability to handle high-volume production with quality and precision. The optimal cutting section allows for the processing of 90% of squared boards and is perfect for industries that require high performance, such as packaging, construction, and the production of sofa frames and laminated panels. This machine offers maximum flexibility and precision in operations, thanks to advanced features such as: Electropneumatic stops, ideal for cutting stacked boards with repetitive measurements. Numerically controlled stops, for precise measurement management, even in complex processes. Discharge of semi-finished products via transfer systems, discharge tables, or roller conveyors, ensuring smooth and fast material handling. Main Advantages: High productivity for large-volume applications. Versatility in sizes and configurations, adaptable to multiple industries. Operational flexibility supported by advanced accessories. The TVM Ø 500 represents a strategic choice for those seeking a saw capable of meeting the most demanding challenges in the industry, while maintaining high standards of quality and efficiency.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, warranty duration: 12 months, TRSI Monoblock Integrated Pusher – The Top of the Range in Europe If you are looking for an innovative, fast, and reliable automatic optimizing crosscut saw, the TRSI is the ideal choice. Fully customizable to meet your specific needs, it is designed for fixed-length or optimized cutting, making it suitable for a wide range of industrial applications. Ideal for Various Industries Packaging – Precise cutting of single boards or bundles, also perfect for trimming plugs. Windows and Doors – Advanced optimization to select quality and defects, minimizing waste. Furniture – Millimetric precision for cutting finished semi-finished products with maximum quality. Flooring and Parquet – High-precision cutting for wooden flooring applications. Cedpsv Iqcmjfx Ab Djhb Cutting-Edge Technology The TRSI is equipped with an advanced programming software that simplifies operations and optimizes production processes: Fixed-Length Cutting: Predefined sequences for repetitive and precise machining. Optimized Cutting: OL Version: Length-based optimization to minimize waste. E Version: Full optimization with defect elimination to maximize yield. Customizable Optimization Priorities: Choose between commercial value, waste reduction, quantity, length, or a mixed strategy. Immediate Integration with company management systems without additional interfaces. Online Remote Assistance for continuous technical support. Intuitive HD Touchscreen with USB data import capability. Industrial CNC Computer ensuring uninterrupted production. Ultra-Precise and Fast Movement High-speed pusher system on steel linear guides with ball recirculation and double carriage, ensuring smooth and precise movements. High-performance brushless motors for superior speed and reliability. Reinforced structure for flawless movement, eliminating vibrations and slippage. Protected stroke with visible pneumatic lifting, allowing maximum control in every cutting phase. Powerful and Reliable Cutting Unit Robust aligner with integrated silent blower for a more comfortable working environment. Pneumatic pressure system on linear guides with ball recirculation for perfect holding. Multiple rubberized wheels with oil-bath clutch, ensuring maximum grip and preventing slippage. Accessories to Maximize Productivity Custom loaders to eliminate downtime and boost efficiency. Manual and automatic printers for clear and precise marking of semi-finished products. Optimized unloading systems tailored to specific processing needs. Trust Cursal for Uncompromising Production Efficiency With the TRSI, your company can achieve unprecedented levels of efficiency and precision. Discover our accessories, loaders, and unloaders to customize your system and optimize every stage of the cutting process. Contact us today for a customized consultation and take your production to the next level.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, machine/vehicle number: TRV 2000 Ø700R, warranty duration: 12 months, High-Speed Optimization in Sawmills: TRV 2000 Makes It Possible! Discover TRV 2000, the perfect optimizer for both planed and unplaned boards, designed to deliver high precision, large cutting capacity, and incredible speed. A perfect combination of performance that will revolutionize your sawmill's workflow! Advanced Technology for Outstanding Results The TRV 2000 is equipped with the tried-and-tested CURSAL software, the technological core powering other optimizer series as well. This software is the ideal solution to speed up the production process, optimizing logs by recovering the lateral part, which traditional machines cannot efficiently utilize. It synchronizes perfectly with the multi-blade system to complete the cycle efficiently. With a feed speed of 150 m/min (auto-limited), thanks to the Brushless motor, TRV 2000 eliminates the risk of accumulations, maintaining a continuous flow that integrates seamlessly with the fastest log saws. Uncompromising Precision Chsdpfx Abov Ip U Ie Djb TRV 2000’s precision is so high that re-sawing after passing through the multi-blade system is unnecessary. Thanks to its innovative technology, it is ideal for optimizing medium-sized, precious woods, making it the perfect choice for those seeking flawless results. Superb Design and Functionality The machine body is equipped with a reliable feed system, enabling movement from right to left through 8 toothed rollers. Pneumatic pressure wheels are specifically designed for unplaned boards, and the in-line optimization capability within the monoblock of the cutting machine allows it to work on curved and twisted boards. Explore Incredible Performance Watch the video on the side and see how TRV 2000 can optimize your production with extraordinary performance. Ideal Applications: Semi-finished wood products for furniture Packaging industry Recovery of boards from the sides of the log Windows, construction, and flooring Laminated, planks, structures TRV 2000: The Ultimate Solution for Modern Sawmills.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, warranty duration: 12 months, TRV 2200: The Perfect Optimizer for Companies Aiming to Stay Competitive The TRV 2200 is the most produced optimizer with the best quality/price ratio in its category, designed to radically transform the production cycles of companies. Here’s why it’s the ideal choice for those seeking superior performance, reliability, and innovation: Unbeatable Speed: With a speed limited to 300 ml/min, the TRV 2200 provides a rapid and smooth workflow, maintaining consistent efficiency. Maximum Precision: Ideal for cutting finished profiles, it guarantees a level of precision that meets even the most demanding requirements. Modular Design: The modular structure allows for customization that perfectly adapts to the needs of every company, optimizing space and production flows. Multi-accessorized: Equipped with numerous accessories for every need, offering unparalleled versatility. Excellent for Every Sector: Whether it's furniture, construction, or woodworking, TRV 2200 is a guaranteed success. Global Efficiency and Industry-Leading Performance Cut, optimize, and revolutionize your production processes: TRV 2200 is already the preferred choice for companies worldwide, which purchase it in series to enhance their competitiveness. This is thanks to minimal maintenance due to the elimination of dynamic components and passive transmissions, and a robust and reliable structure that ensures long-lasting results. Advanced Software Features: Over 100 customized cutting plans: widths, quality, and multiple options to optimize the process. Cedpfxev Iqdqo Ab Dehb Optimization choices between various modes: Commercial value, Waste, Quantity, Length, and Mixed Optimization. Optimization simulation to predict results before production. Accurate control of processed quantities to continuously monitor efficiency. Internal optimization within the machine body, simplifying the process and recovering valuable space. High-Quality Cutting Unit: Tested conveyor drive system without engaging parts, combined with rubber anti-slip pressure wheels for universal use on various materials. High precision cutting, even with wet and curved boards, thanks to the use of durable materials that ensure constant speed and quality. Sectors Where TRV 2200 Excels: Semi-finished furniture components Parquet Windows and doors Laminated boards, slats, and structures Doors, frames, skirting boards, and construction Don’t miss the opportunity to discover how TRV 2200 can transform your production cycle. Watch the video to see its exceptional performance in action!

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, warranty duration: 12 months, Angled Cutting for Single Boards and Packs of Boards: Efficiency and Precision Without Compromise The TRGSI, just like the TRSI, is a monoblock system designed to ensure outstanding installation speed and effective vibration reduction. A true innovation powerhouse for achieving flawless results in record time! Programmed Cutting for Single Boards and Packs Codpfxev Iqd Re Ab Dohb Fixed Measurements and Customized Sequences: Thanks to the ability to manage various cutting schemes, it’s easy to set up fixed or sequential cuts, optimizing every operation. Industrial CNC Technology: An advanced system that allows for the quick storage of different cutting plans. Up to 25 different measurements can be managed simultaneously, with angled heads and independent options for every specific need. Customizable Cutting Programs: Work parameters (such as quantity and waste) are easy to set and can be customized according to individual preferences. Each cutting plan can be saved for quick access. Easy Program Loading: Cutting programs can be uploaded via USB in just a few steps, with files in .txt format for practical and fast management. Advanced Optimization: Two cutting versions to maximize efficiency: OL Version optimizes length, while the E Version offers total optimization, minimizing waste. Operating Dynamics Fast and Precise Movement: The steel guide with ball recirculation and dual sliding carriage, powered by brushless motors, ensures unmatched speed and accuracy. Durability and Perfect Sliding: The reinforced structure ensures optimal sliding, increasing the system's durability and reliability. Pneumatic Pusher: Equipped with fully protected and highly visible stroke, the pneumatic pusher system ensures maximum control and precision. Perfect Angling and Precision: The synchronization between the lateral arm before the blade and the pneumatic presses guarantees a perfect cut, both in quality and angle. Advanced Accessories for Loading and Unloading With dedicated accessories, the system can be configured for manual or fully automatic loading and unloading operations, ensuring an uninterrupted workflow.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, warranty duration: 12 months, Customizable Sawing Machine: The Ideal Solution for Small and Medium Sections Total Optimization, High Precision, and Maximum Speed in One Tool TRV 1200 is the perfect saw for tackling the daily challenges of processing single boards, whether raw or painted. With its advanced technology, this ultra-fast and efficient cutting system allows you to optimize each operation without stress for the operators. Whether for small or medium sections, the TRV 1200 is designed to meet all your needs, with a continuous work cycle that ensures flawless performance. Intelligent Operation and Full Automation Csdpfx Aov Ip Uzob Dshb With the innovative touch screen, you can easily upload cutting lists directly from the device or remotely, from your office. Once you select the desired optimization, the system autonomously handles all subsequent stages, including: Material introduction (*see Cursal accessories) Automatic advancement and positioning Immediate data transmission to the CNC and optimization Piece evacuation Quality, width, and length selection (*see Cursal accessories) Maximum Speed and Precision Without Compromise With TRV 1200, speed is exceptional: 195 m/min, self-limited by the Brushless servo motor. The synergy of a high-performance optimizer, an indestructible machine structure, and precise table control ensures flawless results. The CNC-driven motorized belts and pneumatic pressure wheels guarantee perfect material positioning. Total Versatility for Every Type of Processing The TRV 1200 perfectly adapts to various applications, from recovery work to defect cleaning, or even more complex tasks that require advanced software processing. It is the ideal partner for optimizing every phase of the process, ensuring maximum results with minimal waste. Advanced and Easy-to-Use Programming Software Over 100 preset cutting plans: customizable widths, quality, and cutting specifications Different optimization options: for commercial value, for scrap, for quantity, for length, and mixed optimization Optimization simulation to ensure the best material management Continuous monitoring of worked quantities Internal optimization within the machine body to simplify the process and save valuable space Advanced Numerical Control for Efficient Management The heart of the TRV 1200 is the powerful CNC, an industrial computer that ensures continuous production without stoppages. With the HD touch screen, you can easily import data via USB and access simple yet powerful software, quick to learn and easy to use. Moreover, you can rely on online remote assistance for real-time troubleshooting. Discover how TRV 1200 can transform your production: speed, precision, and optimization at your fingertips.

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008438, Max. panel width: 4500 mm Max. panel length: 4500 mm Main saw blade projection: 50 mm No of Grippers: 8 Chedpfeyngy Sex Ab Deb

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008503, Max. panel width: 4300 mm Max. panel length: 4300 mm Main saw blade projection: 80 mm Cedjy Hcd Ejpfx Ab Djhb No of Grippers: 8

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number: 7545 TECHNICAL DATA Track width: 250mm Shaft width: 220mm Max blade diameter: 300mm Blade bore diameter: 60mm Cutting height: 100mm Table width: 650mm Table length: 1460mm – Top: 2 rows of pawls Smooth feed roller Blade shaft Smooth feed roller – Bottom: Guide rail Pawls Track 2 feed speed settings + stepless adjustment Central lubrication Feed motor: 1.2kW Main motor: 21kW Extraction outlet diameter: 180mm Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 1700x1450x1500mm Weight: approx. 1800kg – Made in Italy – DTR technical documentation – Robust machine – Used multi-blade saw, in very good condition Net price: 25,900 PLN Codpfxeztad Te Ab Dehb Net price: 6,160 EUR depending on exchange rate 4.2 EUR (Prices may vary with significant fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 7878 TECHNICAL DATA - track width: 220 mm - shaft width: 200 mm - max saw blade diameter: 350 mm - saw blade bore diameter: 70 mm - max cutting height: 120 mm - table width with clearance: 1100 mm - table length: 1640 mm - from above: - row of pawls/kickers - 1 metal pressure feed roller - pawls - metal pressure feed roller - shaft with saws - 2 metal pressure feed rollers - from below: - guide - pawls/kickers - track - stepless feed speed adjustment with inverter - feed motor: 1.1 kW - main motor: 29 kW - central lubrication of the track - extraction port diameter: 180 mm Cjdsztadaopfx Ab Dohb - overall dimensions (LxWxH): 2000x1600x1500 mm - weight: 1480 kg ADVANTAGES – Italian manufacture – used multi-blade saw – very good condition Net price: 27,900 PLN Net price: 6,643 EUR based on 4.20 EUR exchange rate (Prices may change depending on exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7946 Technical Data: - Track width: 300 mm - Working width of shaft: 300 mm - Max. blade diameter: 350 mm - Blade bore diameter: 70 mm - Max. cutting height: 120 mm - Table width with extension: 1030 mm - Table length: 1840 mm – Top: - Kickback protectors (anti-kickback barrier): 2 rows - Metal feed roller, pressure type - Kickback protectors - Metal feed roller, pressure type - Shaft with saw blades - 2 smooth metal feed rollers – Bottom: - Guide rail - Kickback protectors - Track - Laser - Central lubrication of track - Stepless feed speed adjustment - Feed motor: 1.1 kW - Main motor: 18.5 kW - Extraction outlet diameter: 200 mm Chsdpfx Abszr U Hto Dsb - Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 1900x1800x1600 mm - Weight: 1770 kg Advantages: – Italian made – With laser – Unpainted – In very good condition – Used multi-blade saw Net price: 55,900 PLN Net price: 13,300 EUR Net price calculated at 4.2 PLN/EUR (In case of significant exchange rate fluctuations, the price may change)