Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7197 TECHNICAL DATA - max planing width 500mm - max planing height 200mm from above: - pawls - pulling shaft, toothed - clamps 2 rows - infeed pulling shaft, toothed - clamp - 510mm planing shaft, 4-knife, 7.5kW motor - clamps - pulling shaft, smooth, outfeed - clamp at the outlet from below: - adjustable infeed table + sliding roller - 510mm planing shaft, 4-knife, 5.5kW motor - 2 sliding shafts, smooth - guide strip - side clamp from the back: - side spindles 1) vertical right 140mm 4kW 2) vertical left 140mm 4kW - spindle diameter 40mm - spindles adjustable up/down, right/left - smooth feed speed regulation - electric table top lifting - exhaust port diameters 2x150mm, 2x160mmmm - dimensions length/width/height 2250x1700x1700mm - weight 2100kg ADVANTAGES - ideal for floor processing - electric table top lifting - Czech production Folq T Ioqrqnao Dkepg - used planer, very good condition Net price: PLN 33,900 Net price: EUR 7,970 depending on the price of EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7164 TECHNICAL DATA - max. width of the processed element 220mm - max. height of the processed element 130mm 4 spindles: 1) horizontal lower 220mm approx. 5.5kW 2) vertical right 130mm 3) vertical left 130mm; (2 and 3 spindles) 7.5kW 4) horizontal top 220mm 7.5kW - 4th spindle is electrically adjustable up/down - all spindles adjustable up/down, right/left - spindle diameter 40mm - 4 infeed rollers, pulling, toothed from above - 1 outfeed roller, pulling, rubber from above - outfeed roller, pulling, rubber from below - feed on Cardan shafts - smooth feed speed adjustment - feed motor 1.5kW - lifting motor 0.75kW - electric planing thickness adjustment - length of the infeed table 1960mm Folqop Dupgo T I Dkepg - central lubrication - diameter of the extraction nozzle 3x120mm, 140mm - closed in the cabin - dimensions length/width/height 3430x1500x1430mm - weight about 1500kg - for 4 heads - German production - unpainted - used planer, very good condition Net price: PLN 35,900 Net price: EUR 8,440 depending on the price of EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue No. 6824 TECHNICAL DATA - max. width of the processed element 220mm - max. height of the processed element 125mm 4 spindles: 1) horizontal lower 220mm 7.5kW 2) vertical right 125mm 3) vertical left 125mm; (2 and 3 spindles) 11kW 4) horizontal top 220mm 11kW - all spindles adjustable up/down, right/left - spindle diameter 40mm - 4 infeed rollers, pulling, toothed, metal from above - 1 double outfeed roller, pulling, rubber from above - outfeed roller, pulling, rubber from below - feed on Cardan rollers - smooth feed speed regulation 6-22m/min - feed motor 3kW - lifting motor 0.55kW - electric planing thickness adjustment - length of the infeed table 2470mm - central lubrication - diameter of the exhaust nozzle 3x120mm, 140mm - closed in the cabin - dimensions l/w/h 3940x1450x1470mm - weight 1666kg - unpainted - used planer, very good condition Fjlq T Ijiwf Hbj Dkopg Net price: PLN 38,900 Net price: EUR 9,160 Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of PLN 4.25/EUR (in case of greater exchange rate fluctuations the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7616 TECHNICAL DATA - shaft width 510mm - 4-knife shaft - top length 2640mm - shaft cover - cast iron tops - both tops adjustable - original cast iron guide adjustable at an angle - 4kW engine - diameter of the exhaust port 160mm - dimensions length/width/height 2640x1000x980mm - weight 970kg Folewbdn Ujq T I Dkopg ADVANTAGES - German production - unpainted - long tops - used planer - very good condition Net price: PLN 9900 Net price: EUR 2320 depending on the price of EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 6651 TECHNICAL DATA - max. width of the processed element 220mm - max. height of the processed element 120mm - 4 spindles: 1) horizontal lower 220mm 4kW 2) vertical right 120mm 4kW 3) vertical left 120mm 4kW 4) horizontal upper 220mm 5.5kW - all spindles adjustable up/down, right/left - spindle diameter 40mm - 4 input rollers, pulling, toothed, including 2 double - 1 output roller, pulling, smooth, rubber, from above - rubber output roller, pulling from below - pneumatically pressed rollers - feed on Cardan shafts - feed motor 1.1kW - lifting motor 0.37kW - electric adjustment of planing thickness - length of the feed plate 1980mm - side pressure - smooth regulation of feed speed 8-16m/min - central lubrication Fjlq T I Deh Up Ipekjpg - diameter of the exhaust port 5x140mm - closed in the cabin - dimensions length/width/height 3400x1500x1700mm - weight approx. 1670kg Net price: PLN 39900 Net price: EUR 9380 Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of PLN 4.25/EUR (in case of greater exchange rate fluctuations the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7244 TECHNICAL DATA - max. width of the processed element 800mm - max. thickness of the processed element 160mm from above: - smooth sliding roller - pawls - pulling shaft, toothed, divided (segmented, sequential) allows simultaneous planing of several elements - 2 rows of pressure - pulling shaft, toothed, divided (segmented, sequential) - pressure - planing shaft 810mm, 4 knives, 18.5kW - pressure - pulling shaft smooth, metal from below: - adjustable preliminary table with sliding roller - sliding roller - planing shaft 810mm, 4 knives, approx. 10kW - 2 pulling rollers, smooth, metal, adjustable - metal roller, sliding - electric lifting of the table top - smooth regulation of the feed speed 7-40m/min - engine approx. 2.2kW - diameter of the exhaust port 200mm, 180mm - dimensions length/width/height 1950x2100x1700mm - weight approx. 2500kg - Czech production - very good condition, - used planer Net price: PLN 34,900 Net price: EUR 8,190 depending on the price of EUR 4.25 Fjlsrfb Nvsq T I Dkopg (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalog number 6309 TECHNICAL DATA PLAIER: - shaft width 510mm - 3-knife shaft - adjustable guide at an angle - length of the tops 1910mm - both tops adjustable Fpelqjg Tl Rwj T I Dkog THICKNESSING MACHINE: - max. thickness of the processed element on the thicknesser 200mm - cover for the thicknesser shaft from above: - pawls - pulling input shaft, toothed - planing shaft - pulling output shaft, smooth - smooth regulation of the feed speed 7-14m/min - main motor approx. 4kW - shaft revolutions 3000/6000 - dimensions length/width/height 1910x870x970mm - weight 780kg – production Italian – very good condition, used machine Net price: PLN 14,500 Net price: EUR 3,400 Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of PLN 4.25/EUR (in case of larger exchange rate fluctuations the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 6747 TECHNICAL DATA - max planing width 170mm - max planing height 130mm 7 spindles: Fpjlq Tsik E Igo I Dkeg 1) horizontal bottom 170mm 4kW 2) vertical right 130mm 5.5kW 3) vertical left 130mm 5.5kW 4) vertical right 130mm 5.5kW 5) horizontal top 170mm 4kW - 5 electrically adjustable spindle up/down 6) horizontal bottom 170mm 5.5kW 7) universal 170mm adjustable at 180° 7.5kW - diameter of all spindles 35mm - all spindles adjustable up/down and right/left - 6 pulling rollers, toothed, from above, including 2 double - with top 4 rubber, pulling outfeed rollers - pneumatically pressed rollers - 1 pressure on the side - 2 guide strips in the table top - electric adjustment of planing thickness 0.37kW - length of the infeed table top 2480mm - smooth regulation of feed speed - feed motor 2.2kW - diameters of exhaust ports 1x135mm, 5x120mm - dimensions length/width/height 5550x1900x1660mm - weight about 3500kg ADVANTAGES – German production – for 7 heads – universal spindle – used planer, very good condition Net price: PLN 27900 Net price: EUR 6500 Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of PLN 4.25/EUR (with larger exchange rate fluctuations price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7474 Technical data: - max. width of the processed element 230mm - max. height of the processed element 160mm - number of spindles 5 1) horizontal lower 230mm 7.5kW 2) vertical right 160mm 5.5kW 3) vertical left 160mm 5.5kW 4) horizontal upper 230mm, electrically adjustable up/down 7.5kW 5) horizontal lower 230mm 7.5kW - all spindles adjustable up/down, right left - spindle diameter 40mm - spindle speed 6000 rpm * from above: - 6 input rollers, pulling, toothed, including 2 double - 2 output rollers, pulling, rubber, single * from below: - toothed metal torsion input roller - smooth metal pulling output roller - pressure on the side input - pneumatically adjustable rollers - length of the input table 2020mm - central lubrication - electric adjustment of the planing thickness from the control panel - smooth regulation of the feed speed 6-30m/min - feed on Cardan rollers - 4.5kW feed motor - diameters of the extraction nozzle 5x150mm - dimensions length/width/height 3850x1850x1960mm - weight about 3800kg Fpslq T Ieuwntlj Dkog ADVANTAGES - for 5 heads - for wet and dry wood - German production - used planer, very good condition Net price: PLN 78,900 Net price: EUR 18,550 depending on the price 4.25 EUR (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7518 Technical data: - shaft width 810mm - number of knives 4pcs - max. thickness of the processed element 250mm * from above: - pawls - toothed input shaft, pulling - clamps - planing shaft - clamps - smooth output shaft, pulling * from below: - adjustable rollers in the lower table top 2pcs - 7.5kW motor - electric lifting of the table top - 0.5kW lifting motor - 4 types of feed speeds - brake - diameter of the extraction nozzle 160mm Fpelqevfp Sbs T I Dksg - dimensions length/width/height 1350x1450x1700mm - weight about 1100kg ADVANTAGES - Polish production - electric lifting of the table top - used thicknesser, very good condition good Net price: PLN 25,900 Net price: EUR 6,090 depending on the price of EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7172 TECHNICAL DATA - shaft width 640mm - max. thickness of the processed element 230mm - 4-knife shaft from above: - pawls Folop T Sx Toq T I Dkjpg - toothed input shaft, pulling - pressure - planing shaft - pressure - smooth output shaft, pulling, metal - from below 2 sliding rollers adjustable in the top - 5.5kW motor - electric lifting of the top approx. 0.25kW - 2 types of feed speed 0.75kW - diameter of the extraction nozzle 160mm - dimensions length/width/height 1320x1270x1380mm - weight 903kg ADVANTAGES - German production - used thicknesser, very good condition Net price: 21900 PLN Net price: 5140 EUR Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of 4.25 PLN/EUR (in case of larger exchange rate fluctuations the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7130 TECHNICAL DATA - max. width of the processed element 800mm - max. thickness of the processed element 200mm from above: - pawls - pulling shaft, toothed - 3 rows of pressure - planing shaft 810mm, for 4 knives (2 pieces are installed) approx. 7.5kW - pressure - smooth pulling shaft, metal from below: - adjustable preliminary table with a sliding roller - planing shaft 810mm, for 4 knives (2 pieces are installed) 7.5kW - smooth sliding shaft, metal - electric lifting of the table - diameter of the extraction nozzle 120mm - dimensions length/width/height 1900x1450x1350mm - weight about 2500kg – Czech production – very good condition – used planer Fslqopmrkaj T I Dkepg Net price: PLN 33,500 Net price: EUR 7,870 depending on the price of EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7609 Technical data: - shaft width 310mm - number of knives 3pcs - max. thickness of the processed element 250mm - from above: - pawls - toothed, torsional, pulling input shaft - planing shaft - smooth, pulling output shaft - 3kW motor - diameter of the exhaust port 100mm - dimensions length/width/height 950x600x1250mm - weight 300kg ADVANTAGES - Polish production - DTR documentation - used thicknesser, very good condition Net price: PLN 7900 Net price: EUR 1860 Fpoljv Tcxkoq T I Dksg Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of PLN 4.25/EUR

Condition: excellent (used), Catalog number 6683 TECHNICAL DATA - shaft width 640mm - number of knives 4pcs - max. thickness of the processed element 250mm from above: - pawls - toothed input shaft, pulling - clamps - planing shaft - clamps - smooth output shaft, pulling from below: - adjustable rollers in the lower table 2pcs - 7.5kW motor - electric lifting of the table - 1.5kW lifting motor - 3 types of feed speeds Fpjlq T Isickzqs Dksg - feed motor approx. 1.25kW - dimensions L/W/H 1250x1150x1200mm - weight 1083kg – Polish production – used thicknesser, very good condition Net price: PLN 21,900 Net price: 5140 EUR Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of 4.25 PLN/EUR (in case of larger exchange rate fluctuations the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7620 TECHNICAL DATA - shaft width 410mm - top length 2220mm - cast iron tops - both tops adjustable - original cast iron guide - engine approx. 3kW - dimensions length/width/height 2220x800x1140mm Fpjlq T I Dewbz Hueksg - weight 504kg ADVANTAGES - German production - used planer - very good condition Net price: PLN 6900 Net price: EUR 1630 depending on the price EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7220 TECHNICAL DATA - min – max width of the workpiece 20 – 230mm - min – max height of the workpiece 8 – 160mm 7 spindles: 1) horizontal bottom 230mm 5.5kW 2) vertical right 160mm 5.5kW 3) vertical left 160mm 5.5kW 4) vertical right 160mm 5.5kW Fpjlsq Nm Htsq T I Dkjg 5) vertical left 160mm 5.5kW 6) horizontal top 230mm 7.5kW 7) horizontal bottom 230mm 7.5kW - all spindles adjustable up/down, right/left - spindle diameter 40mm - spindle speed 6000rpm from above: - 10 rollers inserting, pulling, toothed, metal, including 2 double - 3 side clamps from the bottom: - side clamp on the insert - inserting roller, toothed, pulling, torsion in the lower table - 2 side clamps - grooved table - pulling roller, metal, grooved - pulling roller, metal, smooth - pneumatically adjustable rollers - length of the inserting table 2410 mm - central lubrication of the table - electric adjustment of the planing thickness - 1.1 kW body lifting motor - smooth regulation of the feed speed on the inverter 6-30 m/min - 5.5 kW feed motor - feed on Cardan shafts - closed in the cabin - diameter of the extraction nozzle 7x160 mm - dimensions l/w/h 5100x2190x1800mm - weight 5400kg ADVANTAGES - 7 heads - ideal for wet and dry wood - DTR documentation - used planer, very good condition Net price: PLN 138,900 Net price: EUR 3270 Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of PLN 4.25/EUR (in case of greater exchange rate fluctuations, the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7343 TECHNICAL DATA - max. width of the processed element 180mm - max. height of the processed element 120mm 4 spindles: 1) horizontal lower 180mm 4kW 2) vertical right 120mm 4kW 3) vertical left 120mm 4kW 4) horizontal upper 180mm 5.5kW - spindle diameter 40mm - all heads adjustable up/down, right/left - pressure on the infeed - 6 infeed, pulling, toothed rollers from above, including 1 double Folq T I Dstx Tmmskepg - double outfeed, pulling, rubber roller from above - input, pulling, toothed, wide, metal roller from below - output, pulling, metal, smooth roller from below - feed motor 2.2kW - feed on Cardan shafts - smooth regulation of feed speed - electric setting of planing thickness - lifting motor 0.75kW - length of the insertion table 1580mm - diameter of the extraction nozzle 4x120mm - dimensions length/width/height 3040x1500x1700mm - weight about 2800kg ADVANTAGES - ideal for wet and dry wood - unpainted - for 4 heads - DTR + CE documentation - used planer, very good condition Net price: PLN 46,900 Net price: EUR 11,030 depending on the price of EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7556 Technical data: - min / max width of the processed element 20 / 240mm Fpjlq T Iovyzn Rj Dkjg - min / max height of the processed element 8 / 160mm - number of spindles 4 1) horizontal lower 240mm 5.5kW 2) vertical right 160mm 5.5kW 3) vertical left 160mm 5.5kW 4) horizontal upper 240mm 7.5kW - all heads adjustable up / down, right left - spindle diameter 40mm - from above: - 6 input rollers, pulling, toothed, including 2 double - 2 output rollers, pulling, smooth rubber - from below: - side pressure before and after the roller in the lower table - input roller, toothed, pulling, torsional in lower table before the first spindle - 2 pneumatic side clamps - pulling outfeed roller, metal, smooth - all rollers pressed pneumatically - length of the infeed table 2180mm - top adjustable top up/down - central lubrication - electric setting of planing thickness - lifting motor 0.75kW - smooth regulation of feed speed on the inverter 6-30m/min - feed motor 3kW - feed on Cardan shafts - closed in the cabin + - diameters of the exhaust nozzle 4x150mm - dimensions length/width/height 3750x1750x1800mm - weight 3300kg ADVANTAGES - for 4 heads - ideal for wet and dry wood - used machine, perfect condition Net price: PLN 75,900 Price net: 17840 EUR depending on the price 4.25 EUR (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 6674 Fpjlsiba Evoq T I Dkeg TECHNICAL DATA - max planing width 150mm - max planing height 130mm 7 spindles: 1) horizontal bottom 150mm 3kW 2) vertical right 130mm 3kW 3) vertical left 130mm 4kW 4) horizontal top 150mm 4kW 5) horizontal bottom 150mm 3kW 6) vertical right 130mm 4kW - diameter of all spindles 35mm - all spindles adjustable up/down and right/left - 4 pulling, toothed rollers from above - 4 rubber, pulling outfeed rollers from above - 2 pressures from above - electric adjustment of planing thickness 0.25kW - length of the infeed table 1970mm - central table lubrication - smooth feed speed adjustment - 1.5kW feed motor - diameters of exhaust ports 6x120mm - dimensions length/width/height 4000x1300x1600mm - weight about 3000kg - German production - 6 heads - used planer, very good condition Net price: PLN 36900 Net price: EUR 8680 Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of PLN 4.25/EUR (in case of greater exchange rate fluctuations the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 6786 TECHNICAL DATA - shaft width 500mm - number of knives 3pcs - max. thickness of the processed element 240mm from above: - pawls - toothed, pulling, torsional input shaft - clamps - planing shaft - smooth, pulling output shaft from below: - adjustable shaft in the lower table - 4kW motor - electric table top lifting - 3 types of feed speed - diameter of the extraction nozzle 140mm - dimensions length/width/height 960x1120x1200mm - weight 714kg ADVANTAGES - electric table top lifting - used thicknesser, very good condition Fjlq T I Djip Duwjkopg Net price: PLN 15900 Net price: EUR 3750 Net price calculated at the rate of 4.25 PLN/EUR (in case of larger exchange rate fluctuations the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7571 Technical data: - shaft width 510mm - top length 3040mm Fjlq T I Dev H Dugekepg - noise reduction comb - shaft cover - cast iron tops - both tops adjustable - original cast iron guide adjustable at an angle - 3kW engine - diameter of the exhaust port 130mm - dimensions length/width/height 3040x850x1000mm - weight 1032kg ADVANTAGES - German production - possibility of installing profile knives - long tops - used planer - very good condition Net price: PLN 8900 Net price: EUR 2100 depending on the price EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7452 TECHNICAL DATA PLAIER: - shaft width 410mm - 4-knife shaft Fpolq T I Dovrctlekjg - adjustable guide at an angle - length of the tops 1980mm - both tops adjustable THICKNESSING MACHINE: - max. thickness of the processed element on the thicknesser 200mm - cover for the thicknesser shaft *from above: - pawls - input shaft, pulling, toothed - pressure - planing shaft - pressure - output shaft, pulling, smooth - adjustable rollers in the lower top - 4 types of feed speeds - diameter of the extraction nozzle 100mm - main motor 3kw - feed motor 1.5kW - dimensions length/width/height 2050x820x1100mm - weight 841kg ADVANTAGES - Polish production - very good condition, used machine Net price: PLN 13,900 Net price: EUR 3,260 depending on the price of EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 6575 TECHNICAL DATA - max. width of the processed element 230mm - max. height of the processed element 170mm - 7 spindles: 1) horizontal lower 230mm, 11kW 2) vertical right 170mm 3) vertical left 170mm (2nd and 3rd spindle), 11kW 4) horizontal right 170mm, 5.5kW 5) horizontal upper 230mm, 11kW 6) horizontal lower 230mm, 7.5kW 7) universal 230mm, adjustable at an angle of 360°, 7.5kW - all spindles adjustable up/down, right/left - spindle 3 and 5 electrically adjustable - ATS - spindle diameter 40mm - brakes electric - 4 top feeding, pulling, toothed rollers, including 1 double - top feeding, pulling, rubber, double roller - top feeding, pulling, rubber, double roller - bottom 2 metal, pulling, smooth rollers - bottom pulling, rubber, double roller - feed on Cardan rollers - pneumatically pressed rollers - smooth feed speed regulation 6-24m/min - 5.5kW feed motor - electric planing thickness adjustment - 0.55kW body lifting motor - central table lubrication - diameter of extraction nozzles 7x140mm - dimensions L/W/H 5800x2050x1850mm - weight approx. 4500kg ADVANTAGES - German production, WEINIG brand - on 7 heads - universal spindle Felq Tslrvhce I Dkjpg - with ATS - for wet and dry wood - used planer, very good condition Net price: PLN 169,900 Net price: EUR 39,980 Net price calculated according to the exchange rate of PLN 4.25/EUR (in case of larger exchange rate fluctuations the price may change)

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOGUE NUMBER 7479 Technical data: - shaft width 410mm - 4-knife shaft (TERSA) - noise reduction comb - shaft cover - length of tops 2610mm - longer feed-in top 1435mm - cast iron tops Fjlqjuwp Eco T I Dkspg - both tops adjustable - original cast iron guide adjustable at an angle - brake - diameter of the exhaust port 115mm - 4kW engine - dimensions length/width/height 2610x960x1110mm - weight 578kg ADVANTAGES - Italian production - 4-knife shaft - brake - noise reduction comb - longer feed-in top - unpainted - used planer, very good condition, original DTR documentation Net price: 21900 PLN Net price: 5160EUR depending on the price 4.25 EUR (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: used, CATALOGUE NUMBER 7581 TECHNICAL DATA PLANER: - shaft width 520mm - number of knives 4pcs - original guide adjustable at an angle - length of tops 2130mm - both tops adjustable - shaft cover - planer tops lifted simultaneously - pneumatically THICKNESSPLANER: - max. thickness of the processed element on the thicknesser 250mm *from above: - pawls - input shaft pulling, toothed, torsional - pressure - planing shaft - output shaft pulling, smooth - electric setting of planing thickness - thicknesser shaft cover (pneumatic extension) - diameter of the extraction nozzle 120mm - main engine 7.5kW - dimensions l/w/h 2130x1140x1300mm - weight 1061kg ADVANTAGES Fjlq Tsv I Udbo I Dkspg - Italian production - Tersa knives - planer boards lifted simultaneously - pneumatically - unpainted - perfect condition - used machine Net price: PLN 35,900 Net price: EUR 8,430 depending on the price of EUR 4.25 (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)