Used Retrofit for sale (1,318)
Sort results
- Lowest price Highest price
- Newest listings Oldest listings
- Shortest distance Farthest distance
- Newest year of manufacture Oldest year of manufacture
- Latest update Oldest update
- Manufacturer A to Z Manufacturer Z to A
- Relevance
- Lowest price
- Price
- Highest price
- Price
- Newest listings
- Release date
- Oldest listings
- Release date
- Shortest distance
- Distance
- Farthest distance
- Distance
- Newest year of manufacture
- Year of construction
- Oldest year of manufacture
- Year of construction
- Latest update
- Update
- Oldest update
- Update
- Manufacturer A to Z
- Manufacturer
- Manufacturer Z to A
- Manufacturer
- designation from A to Z
- Description
- designation from Z to A
- Description
- Model from A to Z
- Model
- Model from Z to A
- Model
- Lowest reference
- Ref.No.
- Highest reference
- Ref.No.
- Shortest runtime
- Runtime
- Longest duration
- Runtime
- Relevance
- Relevance
Listing
Cloppenburg
803 km
Pick-up van
RenaultMaster Doka DCi 170 Pritsche L3 lang TEMPOMAT
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 18 km, power: 125 kW (169.95 HP), first registration: 09/2025, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 2,425 kg, maximum load weight: 1,025 kg, overall weight: 3,500 kg, wheelbase: 4,215 mm, next inspection (TÜV): 09/2027, color: white, driver cabin: other, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 7, loading space volume: 3.2 m³, loading space length: 3,820 mm, loading space width: 2,120 mm, loading space height: 400 mm, construction height: 2,250 mm, working width: 2,175 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, airbag, central locking, cruise control, electronic stability program (ESP), immobilizer system, onboard computer, soot filter, traction control, Navigation via smartphone mounting system, central locking with remote control, electrically adjustable and heated exterior mirrors, front electric windows, onboard computer, cruise control, multifunction steering wheel, rear parking assist, spare wheel with matching tire, summer tires, heated windshield, light and rain sensor, LED daytime running lights, radio with Bluetooth hands-free system, touchscreen, USB interface, Apple CarPlay, Android Auto, long wheelbase, heat-insulated glazing, storage package, tachometer, driver's side airbag, anti-lock braking system (ABS), traction control system (ASR), comfort seats, center armrest, driver comfort seat - height adjustable with armrest and lumbar support, start/stop automatic, diesel particulate filter, fully documented service history, immobilizer, side marker lights, outside temperature display, power steering, vehicle with extended loading area, ladder rack, multifunctional double passenger seat, 4-seater bench in 2nd row, interior pollen filter, electrically heated windshield, rear wall window, overhead storage shelf, electronic brakeforce distribution, brake assist, height-adjustable steering column, model update (2), permissible gross weight 3.50 t, platform body, front mud flaps, gear shift indicator, electronic stability program (ESP), body type/platform: double cab standard flatbed, wheelbase 4,215 mm, drive type: front-wheel drive, 6-speed transmission
Financing example
* Cash price: €42,721.00
* Down payment: €8,544.00
* Term: 60 months
* Net loan amount: €34,177.00
Nodow Sduhjpfx Afhowb
* Effective annual interest rate: 5.99%
* Fixed borrowing rate p.a.: 5.83%
* Total loan amount: €39,484.00
* Monthly installment: €658.00
*Representative financing example by Santander Consumer Bank AG, Santander-Platz 1, 41061 Mönchengladbach for private customers, with the dealership acting as the credit broker. Subject to credit approval. Information is also in accordance with the 2/3 example under § 6a Abs. 3 PAngV.
Over 150 vans and buses in stock. Financing or leasing available through Santander Consumer Bank, Targo Bank, or Auto Europa Bank – we are happy to advise you. This offer is non-binding and no guarantee is given for equipment details. Listed specifications may need to be verified separately. Subject to change, errors, and prior sale. Delivery available at extra cost. Export plates can be arranged on site. Trade-in of your old vehicle is possible. Retrofit options available for:
- Tow bars including up to 3,500 kg
- Auxiliary heaters
- Screen for reversing camera and/or navigation via smartphone (Android Auto)
- Rear view system with camera
- Workshop fittings
- Cruise control
- Retrofitting a tail lift and many other individual solutions for your business needs available at extra cost.
Listing
Eilenburg
1,149 km
High top van
FORDTransit 350L3H3 Trend Kasten DoKa 6Sit Kam Mixto
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 32 km, power: 96 kW (130.52 HP), first registration: 01/2025, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 3,500 kg, color: black, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 6, total length: 5,981 mm, total width: 2,474 mm, total height: 2,786 mm, loading space width: 1,784 mm, loading space height: 2,125 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, electronic stability program (ESP), navigation system, soot filter, Internal number: 50558 ---- Errors and prior sale excepted! ---- LOCATION:
04425 Taucha, Gerichtsweg 4
Telephone number for inquiries:
Mr. Ralph Bergel: or ----
SPECIAL EQUIPMENT
• Airbag (passenger side)
• Navigation system – incl. automatic climate control – Ford audio system with 12-inch multifunction display and Ford SYNC4 – Bluetooth, hands-free function with voice control – FordPass Connect incl. Wi-Fi hotspot – Emergency call assistant – Ford Power-Up, Android Auto, Apple CarPlay
• Seat package: driver’s seat 4-way adjustable – double passenger seat with storage compartment under individually folding seat cushions – height-adjustable headrests – fold-out table integrated into double passenger seat – seat heating for driver and front passenger (outer seat) – inner armrest for driver – manually adjustable lumbar support (driver’s seat) – seat upholstery: fabric
• Technology package 13: heated windshield – wipers with rain sensor – front and rear park pilot system, with additional side sensors – active emergency braking assistant (radar-based) – lane keeping assist with driver drowsiness alert and high beam assist, plus lane keeping and lane change assist – headlamp assistant with day/night sensor – blind spot assistant – adaptive cruise control – rear-view camera – LED downlight – fog lights – electrically adjustable, folding and heated exterior mirrors
• Kunath conversion to crew cab: Schnierle Rail-In floor rail – installation of three Schnierle single seats – side window between B and C pillar – bulkhead made of screen printing panel with through-loading flap – retrofit roof lining
STANDARD EQUIPMENT
• 1 battery
• Driver's airbag
• Anti-lock braking system with electronic brake-force distribution incl. – ESP with traction control – hill start assist – crosswind assist – emergency brake assist – rollover protection – emergency brake support incl. emergency brake light
• Electric and heated exterior mirrors
• Battery runtime, program battery runtime to 10 min
• On-board computer with consumption and mileage data as well as outside temperature display and Ford ECO-Mode
• Double-wing rear door with 180° opening angle
• Front electric windows with quick-down/up function for driver
• Ford Easy Fuel – comfort fuel cap and misfuelling protection
• High-output alternator
• Lockable glove compartment
• Interior lighting with delay function and front reading lights
• Fuel tank 70 l
• Cargo area lighting
• Steering wheel: synthetic leather
• Steering column adjustable in height and reach
• MyKey key system – individually programmable second key
• Fog lights
• Emergency call assistant
• Particulate filter: diesel particulate filter
• Radio: Ford audio system with radio and DAB+ – radio – DAB/DAB+ – MyFord Dock – FordPass Connect – speakers, antenna – audio remote control on steering wheel – Bluetooth interface – USB port – hands-free function
• Wheels: hubcaps
Nwsdpfxsvv At Hs Afhjb
• Wheels: tire repair kit
• Wheels: steel rims 6.5 J x 16 with 235/65 R 16 tires
• Headlights/dipped beam: halogen headlights with daytime running lights
• Sliding door entry light automatically with door opening
• Sliding side door, right
• Rear mud flaps
• Side protection strips
• Power steering
• Seat belts – seat belt pretensioners and force limiters in front
• Start-stop system
• Rear bumper with integrated step
• Partition (plastic) at B pillar height
• Recirculation mode
Listing
Korschenbroich
808 km
Cylindrical grinding machine
GSN SchleiftechnickPS4
Call
Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 9,999 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 119 118, Schaudt – GSN Schleiftechnik
Model: PS4
Year of manufacture: approx. 1986, completely overhauled/retrofitted in 2020
Control: CNC, Siemens SINUMERIK 840D after retrofit
Nwjdpjxdcx Iofx Afheb
Application: External cylindrical grinding; plunge, oscillation, and face grinding possible

Get information now
+44 20 806 810 84
+44 20 806 810 84
List now
*per listing / month
Listing
Cloppenburg
803 km
Panel van
VWT7 Transporter Kasten Tdi KR Heckklappe PDC KLIMA
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 42 km, power: 81 kW (110.13 HP), first registration: 07/2025, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 2,800 kg, wheelbase: 3,100 mm, next inspection (TÜV): 01/2028, color: white, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 3, loading space volume: 5.6 m³, loading space length: 2,460 mm, loading space width: 1,610 mm, loading space height: 1,390 mm, construction height: 1,984 mm, working width: 2,032 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, airbag, central locking, cruise control, electronic stability program (ESP), immobilizer system, sliding door, soot filter, traction control, Navigation via mobile phone possible, second key with remote control, exterior mirrors electrically adjustable and heated, exterior mirrors electrically foldable, electric front windows with quickdown/up feature for driver and passenger side, multifunction display, hill start assist, emergency braking assist, cruise control, multifunction steering wheel, rear parking sensors, cargo partition with ladder flap, full-size spare wheel, all-season tyres, light and rain sensor, high beam assistant (automatic headlight dimming), daytime running lights, digital radio reception (DAB/DAB+) with Bluetooth hands-free system, touchscreen, USB interface, Apple CarPlay, Android Auto, tyre pressure monitoring system, heat-insulating glazing, tachometer, driver airbag, anti-lock braking system (ABS), electronic stability program (ESP), diesel particulate filter, right-side sliding door for cargo/passenger compartment, electronic immobilizer, seat package, outside temperature display, power steering, intelligent acceleration control, load compartment protection package, vinyl load floor with high side trim in cargo/passenger compartment, LED load compartment light - extra bright, tow bar preparation, truck registration, dual passenger bench seat, permitted gross vehicle weight 2.80 t, front mud flaps, rear mud flaps, partially painted bumpers, rubber flooring in driver's cab, A-pillar grab handle, lockable glove compartment, heating with recirculation function, central locking with remote control, power KeyFree start function, automatic door locking, tailgate, 70-litre fuel tank, electric parking brake, traction control, body/type: panel van, wheelbase 3100 mm, drive type: front-wheel drive, 6-speed gearbox. Over 150 vans and buses in stock. Financing or leasing possible through Santander Consumer Bank, Targo Bank, or Auto Europa Bank, we will be happy to advise you. This offer is non-binding; no guarantee for equipment details. Listed equipment should be checked separately if necessary. Subject to changes, errors and prior sale. Delivery available at extra cost. Export registration plates can be provided on site. Trade-in of your old vehicle possible. Retrofit options include: - towbars up to 3500 kg possible - auxiliary heaters - monitor for reversing camera and/or navigation via mobile phone (Android Auto) - rear-view system with rear camera - workshop equipment - cruise control - retrofitting of a tail lift (LBW) and other customised solutions for your business needs available for a surcharge.
Nedpfxsuq Hz Hs Afhewb
Listing
Sweden
1,006 km
MORANDO VFN13
MORANDOVFN13
Call
Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1977, spindle motor power: 80,000 W, overall weight: 25,000 kg, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, controller model: Sinumerik 840D PL, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis MORANDO VFN13 vertical turning machine was manufactured in 1977 and retrofitted in 2009 with a new Siemens 840D PL control. It features a 1600mm hydraulic chuck, dual Z-axis, and a revolver magazine. Capable of handling a maximum turning diameter of 1,500mm and a height of 800mm, it offers robust performance with a spindle motor power of 80 kW. If you are looking to get high-quality turning capabilities consider the MORANDO VFN13 machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information.
Machine Benefits
Technical Machine Benefits
• Maximum swing: 1500 mm
• Gear steps: 2 pcs
• Max spindle speed, low gear: 75 rpm // max spindle speed, high gear: 200 rpm
• Max torque, low gear s1: 15300 nm // max torque, high gear s1: 5100 nm
• Horizontal movement: 1000 mm
• Vertical movement: 875 mm
• Rapid traverse: 5000 mm/min
• Maximum turning diameter: 1500 mm
• Maximum turning height over chuck: 800 mm
• Free height under slide: 830 mm
Njdoyaqrpjpfx Afhewb
Extra Information
Table
Chuck diameter: 1600 mm
Max speed: 330 rpm
Max clamping force at 70 bar: 16000 kg
Clamping range, internal: 450 – 1550 mm
Clamping range, external: 650 – 1350 mm
Tools
Tool changer size: 440 x 440 mm
Minimum center distance between tool changers: 600 mm
Listing
Datteln
823 km
Pick-up van
FORDTransit DoKa Maxi Pritsche *Klima*Garantie*AHK*
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 175,000 km, power: 125 kW (169.95 HP), first registration: 09/2018, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 3,500 kg, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 7, total length: 6,200 mm, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, soot filter, Chat now via WhatsApp:
Quick & easy contact with our sales advisor.
Attention!!! Preferred sale to commercial customers.
Internal ID number: [3058]
----Optional add-ons:
* 12–64 months warranty (valid EU-wide)
* New inspection
* New MOT & emissions test
* Nationwide delivery
* Financing available, also with zero down payment
* Retrofitting of tow bar available upon request!
----Vehicle Highlights:
* 19% VAT deductible
* Euro 6 emission standard
* German vehicle
* Digital service record
* Single owner
* Ready for immediate use
* Special features: Maxi version, double cab, 7 seats, tow bar (2,800 kg towing capacity), cruise control, second battery, passenger airbag, Off-Road Package 2, Visibility Package 1, Seat Package 9/15 driver's seat (4-way adjustable) – double passenger seat including seat heating, fabric
Additional features: Overhead storage in cab, driver airbag, traction control (ASR), audio/radio remote control on steering wheel, AUX-IN socket, electrically adjustable and heated exterior mirrors, short arm exterior mirrors, integrated side indicators, onboard computer, headliner trim in passenger compartment, tachometer, electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD), electronic differential lock (EDS), assistance system: hill start assist, assistance system: crosswind assist, 165 A alternator, recirculation heating, Isofix child seat mountings, body/platform: wide flatbed, body/platform: standard double cab flatbed, silver radiator grille, height & reach adjustable steering column/wheel, headlight range adjustment, engine 2.0 L – 125 kW TDCi CAT, production plant: Otosan, wheelbase 3,954 mm, full wheel covers, Euro 6 low-emission, leather gear knob/selector lever, seats in cargo/passenger compartment: 1st row, 4-seat bench, 6.5x16 steel wheels, raised bulkhead aluminium flatbed, partially painted bumpers, Trend package, USB interface, tinted windows, pre-installation for mobile phone/handset with Bluetooth/USB interface, heat-insulating glazing for cargo/passenger area, medium tint, second key with folding remote
----Leasing or financing required?
We offer attractive deals—financing is possible even without a down payment! Feel free to contact us.
Contact:
Phone:
E-Mail:
Nedpfsx S Ucdjx Afhowb
Location:
Nutzfahrzeuge West GmbH
Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 2
45711 Datteln – Germany
Business hours:
Mon–Fri: 9:00 am – 6:00 pm
Sat: 9:00 am – 2:00 pm
----Notice:
All details provided online are non-binding and serve only as a general description of the vehicle. Errors, typos, and prior sale excepted.
The binding condition of the vehicle is determined solely by the purchase contract concluded on site or through written assurances.
Vehicles with a mileage over 50,000 km or older than 3 years are preferably sold to our commercial customers.
Listing
Datteln
823 km
High top van
VOLKSWAGENCrafter TDI Maxi Hoch+Lang*AHK*Klima*Garantie*
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 98,000 km, power: 100 kW (135.96 HP), first registration: 08/2017, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 3,500 kg, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 2, total length: 7,000 mm, loading space length: 4,300 mm, loading space width: 1,800 mm, loading space height: 1,980 mm, Equipment: air conditioning, central locking, parking heater, soot filter, Chat with us on WhatsApp now:
Contact our sales consultant quickly and easily.
Attention!!! Sale preferably to commercial customers only ?
Internal ID Number: [3049]
----Optional services available:
* 12–64 months warranty (valid EU-wide)
* New inspection
* New MOT & emissions test (TÜV & AU)
* Nationwide delivery
* Financing available with or without down payment
* Tow bar / reversing camera retrofitting upon request!
----Vehicle highlights:
* 19% VAT deductible
* German vehicle
* 2 owners
* Immediately ready for use
* Extra long wheelbase + high roof
* Air conditioning
* Tow bar (3,000 kg)
* Reversing camera
* Hands-free system
* Auxiliary heater (parking heater)
Special equipment:
Terminal connection, RSD 2000 audio system (front speakers), electrically adjustable & heated exterior mirrors, Driver assistance system: front & rear parking sensors, rear doors with extended opening angle, rear step integrated into the bumper, additional heating (hot water) with programmable parking heater function
Further equipment:
Storage trays/compartments (flat, above windscreen), driver's airbag, traction control system (ASR), grab handle on rear right D-pillar, Driver assistance system: brake assist (HBA), rear wing doors without glazing, body type: box/high roof van standard, body version: high roof, fuel tank: 75 ltr., full-height load compartment partition (no window), side marker lights, model update, engine 2.0 ltr. – 100 kW TDI, wheelbase 4325 mm, tyre repair kit, emissions standard Euro 5, sliding door on right loading/passenger compartment, seat upholstery: fabric, cab seats: driver's seat height adjustable, rear stabiliser, front reinforced stabiliser, steel wheels 6.5x16, GVWR 3.5 t, additional brake light
----Interested in leasing or financing?
We offer attractive terms – also with zero down payment! Feel free to contact us.
Contact:
Telephone:
E-mail:
Location:
Nutzfahrzeuge West GmbH
Rudolf-Diesel-Str. 2
45711 Datteln – Germany
Opening hours:
Mon–Fri: 9:00 am – 6:00 pm
Sat: 9:00 am – 2:00 pm
----Notice:
Nwodpfjx S Ub Tsx Afhsb
All details provided online are non-binding and serve solely as a general description of the vehicle. Errors, typing mistakes, as well as prior sale reserved.
The binding condition of the vehicle is determined exclusively by the purchase contract on-site or by written confirmation.
Vehicles with a mileage over 50,000 km or older than 3 years are preferably sold to commercial customers.
Listing
Malsch
1,078 km
Gear Shaving Machine
HURTHZSA 320
Call
Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2014, max. wheel diameter 20 - 320 mm
gear width 150 mm
max. module 8
min. module 1
surface area 1200 x 190 mm
tool diameter 175 - 260 mm
turning speeds 45 - 465 U/min
Control Siemens
total power requirement 13 kW
weight of the machine ca. 5,2 t
Machine in excellent condition, with many accessories.
Retrofitted in 2014, Siemens control system.
Nwodpfxjv Nracj Afhob
Listing
Germany
1,034 km
CNC portal plasma cutting machine
MicrostepMG 4501.20 BkP
Call
Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, CNC Gantry Plasma Cutting Machine
Manufacturer: Microstep
Model: MG 4501.20 BkP
Year of manufacture: 2019
CNC control
Working area: 2,000 x 4,500 mm
1 x 2D plasma torch with Hypertherm XPR300 power source incl. Optimix gas console
1 x drilling spindle 26 kW up to 40 mm diameter, incl. 8-position tool changer
1 x preparation for retrofitting a rotator (for bevel cuts)
1 x nesting software at the CNC control
20126
Availability: May 2026
Njdpfxjyay H Ao Afhjwb
Listing
Niederlangen
753 km
Pipe-Bending Machine
GELBER BIEGERERB 16 2000
Call
Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2019, tube diameter 28 mm
wall strength 2 mm
bending radius min. 90 mm
control 3D TubeSoft Slim
total power requirement 3,5 kW
Description:
Round tube steel (S235): 60.0 x 6.0 mm
Round tube stainless steel (S 355): 60.0 x 4.0 mm
Nwsdpsxcuhlefx Afheb
Square tube steel: 50 x 50 x 4.0 mm
Rectangular tube steel: 60 x 40 x 2.0 mm
max. usable length: 3048 mm
Bending speed: 10°/sec
including tools (see photos)
Mandrel is no longer available, can be retrofitted
Listing
Niederlangen
753 km
Pipe-Bending Machine
TUBOMATTUB-C G3001
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, tube diameter 48,3 mm
wall strength 3,25 mm
bending radius min. max. 180 mm
Bending speed 20 °/sec
Nwedpfx Aexcuicofheb
total power requirement 2,4 kW
weight of the machine ca. 700 t
dimensions of the machine ca. 3880 x 800 x 1250 m
Description:
Round tube steel (S235): 60.0 x 6.0 mm
Round tube stainless steel (S 355): 60.0 x 4.0 mm
Square tube steel: 50 x 50 x 4.0 mm
Rectangular tube steel: 60 x 40 x 2.0 mm
max. usable length: 3048 mm
Bending speed: 10°/sec
including tools (see photos)
Mandrel is no longer available, can be retrofitted
Listing
Niederlangen
753 km
Pipe-Bending Machine
GELBER BIEGERERB 16 2000
Call
Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2019, tube diameter 28 mm
wall strength 2 mm
bending radius min. 90 mm
control 3D TubeSoft Slim
total power requirement 3,5 kW
Description:
Round tube steel (S235): 60.0 x 6.0 mm
Round tube stainless steel (S 355): 60.0 x 4.0 mm
Square tube steel: 50 x 50 x 4.0 mm
Rectangular tube steel: 60 x 40 x 2.0 mm
max. usable length: 3048 mm
Bending speed: 10°/sec
including tools (see photos)
Nsdpfxsxcuhre Afhowb
Mandrel is no longer available, can be retrofitted
Listing
Niederlangen
753 km
Pipe-Bending Machine
TRANSFLUIDDB 2060
Call
Condition: used, Year of construction: 1997, tube diameter 60 mm
wall strength 6 mm
bending radius min. 180 mm
Nwodpfx Afst I D Uxohsb
total power requirement 5,5 kW
weight of the machine ca. 1300 t
dimensions of the machine ca. 3500 x 1250 x 1300 m
Description:
Round tube steel (S235): 60.0 x 6.0 mm
Round tube stainless steel (S 355): 60.0 x 4.0 mm
Square tube steel: 50 x 50 x 4.0 mm
Rectangular tube steel: 60 x 40 x 2.0 mm
max. usable length: 3048 mm
Bending speed: 10°/sec
including tools (see photos)
Mandrel is no longer available, can be retrofitted
Listing
Niederlangen
753 km
Pipe-Bending Machine
TUBOMATTUB-C G3001
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, tube diameter 48,3 mm
wall strength 3,25 mm
bending radius min. max. 180 mm
Bending speed 20 °/sec
total power requirement 2,4 kW
weight of the machine ca. 700 t
dimensions of the machine ca. 3880 x 800 x 1250 m
Description:
Round tube steel (S235): 60.0 x 6.0 mm
Round tube stainless steel (S 355): 60.0 x 4.0 mm
Square tube steel: 50 x 50 x 4.0 mm
Rectangular tube steel: 60 x 40 x 2.0 mm
max. usable length: 3048 mm
Bending speed: 10°/sec
Nodpfexcuiijx Afhewb
including tools (see photos)
Mandrel is no longer available, can be retrofitted
Listing
Stadum
798 km
Walking floor semitrailer
STAS91m³ Schubboden/10 mm Boden/ALUFELGEN/Auch Miete
Call
Condition: new, maximum load weight: 28,240 kg, overall weight: 36,000 kg, axle configuration: 3 axles, loading space length: 13,500 mm, loading space width: 2,480 mm, loading space height: 2,820 mm, loading space volume: 91 m³, Equipment: ABS, Stock no. 5559
New vehicle in stock – available immediately! Purchase, rent, or rent with purchase option by arrangement!
Side tarpaulin retrofit available at an additional cost!
Stas 91 m² moving floor / 10 mm flat floor / TÜV load certificate
----
* Manufacturer: Stas
* Model: BIOSTAR – moving floor
* First registration: - (New vehicle)
* Colour: Chassis galvanized, body RAL 7016 silver grey, tarpaulin SIO 7340
* Volume: approx. 91 m³ (13.50 m long x 2.475 m wide x 2.64 m to 2.82 m high)
* Gross weight: 36,000 kg
* Unladen weight (as per registration): 7,760 kg
* Payload: 28,240 kg
* Axles: 3x SAF axles / 1st axle lift / traction assist / disc brakes
* Tyres: 385/65 R22.5 new on Speedline Diamond alloy wheels
* Wheelbase: 7.85 m
* Suspension: ECAS air suspension with raise and lower function
* ABS / EBS
* Cargo Floor CF 500 SL-C floor with remote control and control panel at rear left
Nedpsv Emk Ujfx Afhewb
* 21 floor planks, 10 mm flat
* 12 pairs of recessed lashing rings in floor
* Welded aluminium end caps
* Residual emptying wall with brushes and stainless steel handles
* Service door in front wall
* Swing doors (50/50) with pneumatic locking
* 2x locking rods
* Swingable rear door cross member
* Hydraulic connections at the front with 3 m hoses and
* Additional connection beneath body without hoses
* Control platform with steps at front left
* Fifth wheel height: 1,150 mm
* Single wheel fenders
* Full-load support legs
* One-piece, foldable aluminium rear light guard
* Roll tarpaulin (900g/m²) with tension belts
* Foldable steel hoops and longitudinal tension belts
* 1x toolbox at rear left
* 1x aluminium ladder, 3.80 m long
* Load pressure gauge
* Smartboard
* TPMS tire pressure monitoring
* Aluminium rear impact guard
* 1x extendable ladder at rear right
* 2x LED work lights in front of the axles
* 2x LED reversing lights at rear
* 1x LED work light on interior front wall
* 2 x 3-function lamps on upper rear door cross member
New vehicle in stock – available immediately! Purchase, rent, or rent with purchase option by arrangement!
Notice regarding possible inaccuracies in the listing:
Although this listing has been carefully prepared, errors or inaccuracies in the information may occur. No liability is accepted for errors, changes, or prior sale. All information is non-binding. Please contact us to verify details or clarify any questions.
Listing
Idstein
972 km
Horizontal machining center
AverexHS-540i GTS 2 APC
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, AVEREX HS-540i GTS 2-APC, New Machine
Horizontal Machining Center with the option to adapt an
optional pallet rotary magazine (6-APC or 8-APC)
Standard equipment
- AVEREX MPro1 (FANUC 0i-MF Plus)
- 15" color LCD display, MANUAL GUIDE i, QWERTY* keyboard
- iHMI – Intelligent Human-Machine Interface
- Program memory with 2 MB and up to 1,000 programs
- 4-axis simultaneous operation (X, Y, Z, B)
- AICC II Control with 200-block Look Ahead function
- HRV3+ servo drives (digital servo current control)
- JERK Control (jerk regulation)
- Fine Surface Technology (High-Speed High Quality)
- Extended workpiece coordinate system G54.1 P1 - P300
- Workpiece coordinate system G52 - G59
- Memory card (PCMCIA Flash Card) and USB slot
- Network interface RJ45, Embedded Ethernet
- Enhanced embedded Ethernet
- Week timer: Auto. Power On/Off for the machine
- High-speed skip function
Nodpowxdpgjfx Afhewb
- Tool Offset Memory C
- 400 pairs of tool corrections
- 1,000 storable programs
- Programmable data input (G10)
- Programmable spindle load monitoring M37/M38
- Tool life management
- Extended macro variables (#100–#199, #500–#999)
- Program restart
- Helical interpolation
- Cylindrical surface interpolation (G07)
- Fixed drilling cycles
- Synchronous tapping (G84/G74)
- Rigid tapping with bell-shaped acceleration/deceleration
- Programmable mirroring, scaling
- Polar coordinate programming (G15/G16)
- Chamfering or rounding corners (,C / ,R)
- Optional skip blocks, up to 9
- User-defined macro programming
Axis Travel
- Travels X/Y/Z: 800/800/860 mm
Speeds
- Rapid traverse X/Y/Z: 74/74/74 m/min
- Feed rate during milling: 0–40,000 mm/min
- Rapid traverse B: 66.6 min-1
- 1G+ acceleration
Pallet Changer
- Rotary changer
- Number of pallets 2-APC: 2 (machine / setup station)
- Pallet size: 500 x 500 mm
- Hole grid: 5 x 5 M16 x 25 mm deep, 100 mm pitch
- Loading capacity: 550 kg per pallet
- Workpiece size 2-APC: Ø800 x H1,000 mm
- Workpiece size 6-APC/8-APC: Ø800 x H900 mm
- Mechanical locking of pallet clamping
- Pallet clamping force: 9.8 kN x 4 cones (39.2 kN)
- Pallet height from floor: 1,100 mm
- Standard preparation for retrofit of 4-way pallet storage (HS-540i GTS 2-APC ==> 6-APC, 2 + 4 pallets)
High-Speed Tool Changer
- Tool holder: BBT-40 (optional SK-40 DIN69871 or HSK-A63)
- Number of magazine positions: 80
- Max. tool diameter: Ø95 mm
- Max. tool diameter with adjacent spaces free: Ø185 mm
- Max. tool length: 400 mm
- Max. tool weight: 8 kg
- Type: Fixed place / random
- Speed: 16 s for 80 tools
- Tool change time: 0.9 s / 2.1 s (heavy tool)
- Chip-to-chip time: 3.0 s / 3.5 s (heavy tool)
Spindle
Rotary Axis
- Manufacturer: PARKSON™
- Axis: full 4th axis
- Max. rotation: 66.6 rpm
- Indexing: 0.001°
- Clamping torque: 5,000 Nm
- Holding torque: 1,973 Nm
Linear Guides
- Manufacturer: THK™
- Width: 45 mm
- Guide shoes X/Y/Z: 190 x 120 / 120 x 70 / 154 x 86 mm
Ball Screws
Coolant, chip, and compressed air management
Listing
Ahaus
779 km
Welding Smoke Suction
FILTOOSIG 230 / BGIA
Call
Condition: new, volume capacity 1600 m3/h
feed volume 99,9 %
length 3.000 Absaugschlauch mm
motor 230 Volt
motor 1,1 KW
weight 80,0 kg
range L-W-H 580 x 580 x 900 mm
Description:
The filtoo filter device newly developed by TEKA is
a mobile filter system that many
Tasks in the field of filtration of
Smoking, dusts and gases can be used.
Also suitable for high-alloy steels (stainless steel).
Nodoxaal Rspfx Afhowb
(the device was based on DIN EN ISO 15012-1 (2005)
tested and is IFA (formerly BGIA) certified (IFA No. 201020469/1140)
for welding smoke class "W3" (degree of separation:> 99.9%))
Where can the SIG 230 filtoo be used?
- at welding workplaces
- in the workshop area
- for soldering applications
- with restorers
- in locksmiths
Furnishing:
- BGIA - certified suction and filter system
IFA 1005030 for suction
to hochleg. Steels & non-ferrous metals
- Operating instructions in German
optional equipment for a surcharge (recommended)
- Retrofit kit STAVO (dust pre-separation)
- for FILTOO with spark protection and collecting tray
Note :
- The device is only used to extract dry dust / smoke
- Read the operating instructions before using for the first time
Listing
Achim
850 km
Pick-up van
MERCEDES-BENZSprinter 316 CDI DoKa 2.7m Pritsche/ AC/ 7 Sitze
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 128,089 km, power: 120 kW (163.15 HP), first registration: 09/2018, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 3,500 kg, next inspection (TÜV): 12/2026, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 7, loading space length: 2,700 mm, loading space width: 2,030 mm, loading space height: 400 mm, Year of construction: 2018, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, electronic stability program (ESP), soot filter, Equipment:
* Body/Configuration: Flatbed with double cab
* Air conditioning
* Comfort driver's seat with lumbar support
* Double passenger seat
* 4-person bench in the double cab area
* Flatbed with aluminum drop sides
* Ladder rack behind the cab
* Storage compartments left and right
* Rear wall with window
Technology:
* MB audio system radio with USB
* Bluetooth hands-free system
* Electrically adjustable and heated exterior mirrors
* Outside temperature display
Safety/Environment:
* Mercedes-Benz emergency call system
* Driver and passenger airbags
* Traction control system (ASR)
* Suspension: Stabilization Level II
* Driver assistance system: Crosswind Assist
* Low emissions according to Euro 6 standard
Other:
* First delivery in Germany
* 1 previous owner
* Truck registration
* Engine: 2.1 L – 120 kW CDI CAT
* Wheelbase: 3665 mm
* Gross vehicle weight: 3.5 t
* COC document available
Retrofitting of a tow bar up to 3,500 kg is possible at extra cost.
Since 1972, your reliable partner for vehicles and commercial vehicles in 28832 Achim at Bremer Kreuz. NutzfahrzeugZentrum Behnke always stocks approx. 200 vehicles from the fields of vans, commercial vehicles, and construction machines!
We continuously offer attractive financing options with special rates. If interested, we will be happy to prepare an individual offer for you!
Nsdpfsyb U Rlox Afhswb
We welcome the trade-in of your commercial vehicle or construction machinery.
If a new TÜV inspection is required, we will gladly provide you with a quote from our partner workshops. Our offers generally do NOT include a new TÜV inspection.
Delivery of your "new" commercial vehicle is possible through our external partners at extra cost.
The information provided in advertisements, on the Internet, price tags, and images are non-binding descriptions and do not constitute guaranteed features. The seller assumes no liability/warranty for typing and data transmission errors. Listed equipment must be checked separately if necessary. Errors and prior sale reserved.
Listing
Achim
850 km
Pick-up van
MERCEDES-BENZSprinter 316 CDI DoKa 2.7m Pritsche/ AC/ 7 Sitze
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 167,329 km, power: 120 kW (163.15 HP), first registration: 09/2018, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 3,500 kg, next inspection (TÜV): 10/2026, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 7, loading space length: 2,700 mm, loading space width: 2,030 mm, loading space height: 400 mm, Year of construction: 2018, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, electronic stability program (ESP), soot filter, Equipment:
* Body/Configuration: Flatbed with double cab
* Air conditioning
* Comfort driver's seat with lumbar support
* Double passenger seat
* 4-person bench in the double cab area
* Flatbed with aluminum drop sides
* Ladder rack behind the cab
* Storage compartments left and right
* Rear wall with window
Technology:
* MB audio system radio with USB
* Bluetooth hands-free system
* Electrically adjustable and heated exterior mirrors
* Outside temperature display
Safety/Environment:
* Mercedes-Benz emergency call system
* Driver and passenger airbags
* Traction control system (ASR)
Nwedpfx Ajyb U Rrefheb
* Suspension: Stabilization Level II
* Driver assistance system: Crosswind Assist
* Low emissions according to Euro 6 standard
Other:
* First delivery in Germany
* 1 previous owner
* Truck registration
* Engine: 2.1 L – 120 kW CDI CAT
* Wheelbase: 3665 mm
* Gross vehicle weight: 3.5 t
* COC document available
Retrofitting of a tow bar up to 3,500 kg is possible at extra cost.
Since 1972, your reliable partner for vehicles and commercial vehicles in 28832 Achim at Bremer Kreuz. NutzfahrzeugZentrum Behnke always stocks approx. 200 vehicles from the fields of vans, commercial vehicles, and construction machines!
We continuously offer attractive financing options with special rates. If interested, we will be happy to prepare an individual offer for you!
We welcome the trade-in of your commercial vehicle or construction machinery.
If a new TÜV inspection is required, we will gladly provide you with a quote from our partner workshops. Our offers generally do NOT include a new TÜV inspection.
Delivery of your "new" commercial vehicle is possible through our external partners at extra cost.
The information provided in advertisements, on the Internet, price tags, and images are non-binding descriptions and do not constitute guaranteed features. The seller assumes no liability/warranty for typing and data transmission errors. Listed equipment must be checked separately if necessary. Errors and prior sale reserved.
Listing
Monheim am Rhein
835 km
Jig Boring Machine - Vertical
SIP640
Call
Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1986, functionality: fully functional, Technical details
spindle diameter 135 mm
x-travel 1000 mm
y-travel 700 mm
z-travel 300 mm
cross rail adjustment - vertical 780 mm
distance between table/spindle 1000 mm
table surface area 1100 x 842 mm
distance between columns 1100 mm
table load 1500 kg
tool taper SK 45
spindle turning speed range 2400 U/min
spindle drive 5,9 kW
feed range 1 - 6000 mm/min
weight of the machine ca. 10,6 t
Additional information
Retrofit / overhauling in May 2005 (with geometric measurement):
- New Heidenhain iTNC-530 control
- New electronics
- New Siemens servomotors
- Heidenhain glass scales
- Revision of drilling spindle unit
(total costs 118,436.00 EUR)
Equipment:
Infrared measuring probe m&h 38.10-MINI
Electron. Handwheel
Various tool holders
Nwodpfx Afjx Sv Nrjheb
Transport dimensions:
- Machine (LxWxH) 3500 x 2600 x 2750 mm
- Control cabinet (LxWxH) 2300 x 600 x 2300 mm
- Hydraulic (LxWxH) 800 x 600 x 1000 mm
Listing
Eilenburg
1,149 km
Panel van
FORDCustom 300 L1H1 Trend LED Kamera NEUES MODELL
Call
Condition: used, mileage: 63 km, power: 100 kW (135.96 HP), first registration: 04/2024, fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 3,025 kg, color: white, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 3, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, central locking, electronic stability program (ESP), soot filter, Internal Number: 56467
----
Errors and prior sale excepted!
SPECIAL EQUIPMENT
- Airbag (passenger side)
- Towbar preparation kit – Electrical preparation set for towbar – wiring harness, 13-pin socket and trailer module for retrofitting a towbar
- Exterior mirrors, electrically adjustable, heated and folding – with integrated indicators
- Rear window, fixed and heated – interior mirror – partition wall with window
- Rear window wiper including washer nozzle and automatic activation when reverse gear is engaged
- Cargo area lighting (LED) – extra bright
- Package: Cargo Area Protection Package – High sidewall paneling – cargo compartment lighting (LED), extra bright
- Seats: Seat Package 11A – Driver's seat, 4-way manually adjustable – Double passenger seat with load-through flap, fixed – lumbar support for driver – Plus Style fabric upholstery, seat center section in Black Onyx, remainder in Ebony
- Socket: 12-volt outlet in the cargo area (D-pillar)
- Partition wall (metal) with window
ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT
- 2-stage unlocking for passenger compartment
- 6-speed gearbox
- ABS electronically controlled with EBD
- Driver’s airbag
- Electrically adjustable exterior mirrors
- Exterior mirror housings made of black plastic
- Battery: H7 AGM single battery
- On-board computer
- Roof, flat
- Roof console
- Twin rear doors/180° (without window)
- Rev counter
- Third brake light
- Electronic safety and stability system
- Front electric window lifters
- Electronic handbrake
- FordPass Connect
- Heated windscreen
- Floor mats: rubber mats in front
- Grab handles, driver and passenger side
- Lockable glove compartment with lid
- Front interior lighting
- Automatic climate control, front
- Headrests (3)
- Fuel tank 55 l
- Paint: solid color
- Cargo area lighting (LED)
- Steering wheel: plastic steering wheel
- Small center console
- Emergency call assistant
- Package: Technology Package 2 (Trend) – Ford audio system with 13'' multifunction display and Ford SYNC 4 – Pre-Collision Assist, camera based – Driver fatigue alert – Traffic sign recognition system – Wrong-way driving warning – Lane keeping system incl. lane keeping assist – Park pilot system front and rear – Cruise control – Intelligent speed limiter with speed limit display – Rear view camera
- Particulate filter: diesel particulate filter
- Radio: Ford audio system with 13'' multi-function display
- Radio accessories: 4 speakers
- Wheel trims
- Tire repair kit
- Tire pressure monitoring system
- Wheels: steel 6.5 J x 16 with 215/65 R16 R
- Windscreen wipers with rain sensor
- Headlights with LED low beam
- Sliding door: sliding door on the right
- Rear mud flaps
- Front mud flaps
- Power steering
- Seatbelts
- Start-stop system
- Ford Power start function
- Bumpers front and rear partially painted in body color
- Partition wall (metal) without window
- Door handles made of black-grey plastic
- Door hinges, 90 degrees
- Recirculation heater
- 6 lashing eyes
- Immobilizer
- Heat-insulating, lightly tinted glazing
- Central locking with remote control
...and much more.
Nwsdsqmcg Hspfx Afhjb
----
First owner. German specification. Errors and prior sale excepted. 2 years manufacturer’s warranty from initial registration (can be extended upon request). We are happy to take your vehicle in part exchange. Financing/leasing possible with no down payment! Still have questions? We are happy to advise you!
Because, despite ongoing checks, deviations of the vehicle from the above description cannot be ruled out, we w
Trust Seal
Dealers certified through Machineseeker

Listing
Wiefelstede
785 km
Inverter interface
SMA485PB-NR
Call
Condition: excellent (used), Power converter, current transformer, controller, inverter, solar power converter
-Manufacturer: SMA, Interface Retrofit Kit for Sunny Boy 2.1kV Inverter, Original Packaging
-Type: 485PB-NR
-Item No.: 3400100184
-Number: 47x interface available
-Price: per piece
Njdjip Rb Uepfx Afhewb
-Cardboard dimensions: 290/200/H50 mm
-Weight: 0.5 kg/pc.
Listing
Wiefelstede
785 km
Interface inverter
SMADM-485CB-10 B
Call
Condition: used, Power converters, power converters, controllers, inverters, inverters, solar power converters, 485i modules
-Manufacturer: SMA, interface retrofit kit 485i modules for SMA inverters ovp
-Type: DM-485CB-10 B
-Number: 4x module available
-Price per piece
-Dimensions cardboard: 280/170/H85 mm
-Weight: 0.6 kg/pc.
Njdpfx Afsip Rcvohjwb
Listing
Duxford
436 km
Biotek Instruments Vacuum pump 2
Biotek InstrumentsVacuum pump 2
Call
Condition: used, This listing is for a Biotek Instruments Vacuum pump 2 x 2
The unit is in full working condition and is ready for immediate release.
Nsdpfx Afoxwc I Nohewb
BioTek Instruments GAST Vacuum Pump 7103034
Overview
The BioTek Instruments GAST Vacuum Pump 7103034 is a high-performance, oil-less rocking piston compressor and vacuum pump designed for use with a variety of microplate washers, including the EL 406, 405 TS, 405 LS, and ELx405.
Key Features
Standard Vacuum Pump: Ideal for a wide range of applications.
Oil-less Rocking Piston Compressor: Ensures outstanding performance and durability.
Flexibility and Durability: Suitable for various laboratory settings.
Easy to Retrofit: Simple installation and integration with existing systems.
Low Exhaust Temperatures: Reduces the risk of overheating and extends the pump's lifespan.
Longer Life Span: Built to last, minimizing the need for frequent replacements.
Voltage: Operates at 115-230V.
Max Vacuum: 26 in -hg.
Sound Level: Less than 65 db(A).
Product Information
Compressor Type: Standard Vacuum Pump
Port Size: 1/4 in NPT
End Connections: NPT
Phase: Single
Maximum RPM: 1725 RPM; 1425 RPM
Minimum Working Temperature: 5°C
Maximum Working Temperature: 40°C
Standards: CE; UL
For Use With: 405 ls, 405 touch, el406, elx405 microplate washers
Voltage: 115 - 230V
Sound Level: Less than 65 db(A)
Max Vacuum: 26 in -hg
Specifications
Weight
Metric: 11.34 kg
Imperial: 25 lb
Dimensions
Metric: 35.56 cm x 25.4 cm x 33.02 cm
Imperial: 14 in x 10 in x 13 in
Harmonized Code: 84141000
Harmonized Code Details: Vacuum pumps; liquid ring vacuum pumps and other rotary positive displacement pumps
Availability
eBay: This vacuum pump is listed on eBay with free shipping for many products. Sellers typically respond within 24 hours to assist with any inquiries or specific configurations.
Listing
Rosbach
991 km
Panel van
FiatDucato
Call
Condition: new, mileage: 1 km, power: 132 kW (179.47 HP), fuel type: diesel, overall weight: 3,500 kg, wheelbase: 4,035 mm, fuel: diesel, color: white, driver cabin: other, gearing type: mechanical, emission class: euro6, number of seats: 7, total length: 5,998 mm, loading space volume: 10 m³, loading space length: 2,375 mm, loading space width: 1,870 mm, loading space height: 1,932 mm, Equipment: air conditioning, cruise control, navigation system, trailer coupling, 35% = €20,479 price advantage
List price ex works incl. VAT: €58,429
All our FIAT vans can be retrofitted with a tow bar at an additional cost!
THE LARGEST FIAT VAN EXHIBITION IN HESSE
We deliver your FIAT free of charge to your doorstep—nationwide!
Nationwide registration with custom number plate €169
Over 100 vans in stock and immediately available for you!
German vehicle, not a reimport = 100% security
Extended new car warranty up to 96 months or 200,000 km available at extra cost!
Buy online at a low price:
-35% discount = €20,479 price advantage
List price ex works incl. transport costs: €60,119
- Loading space (mm): L 2,375 / W 1,870 / H 1,932
- Payload: 1,092 kg
- Maximum trailer load (braked): 3,000 kg
Equipment highlights:
SNOEKS CREW VAN Kombi Pack: Techno, Premium, Visibility Plus:
- 10-inch Audio-NAV system with touchscreen
- DAB, Apple CarPlay, Android Auto
- Automatic climate control
- Double USB charging port on dashboard
- Rain and light sensor
- Fog lights with static cornering function
- Full LED headlights
- Reversing camera
- Techno dashboard
- Steering wheel and gear lever in faux leather
- Storage under driver’s seat
- Seat base cladding
Worksite Maxi Pack:
- Traction+
- All-season tyres with snowflake symbol
- Dual-leaf spring on rear axle
- Full-size spare wheel (replaces standard tyre repair kit)
- Spare wheel carrier
- Plastic wheel arch cover
- Glazed sliding door on driver’s side
- Glazed sliding door on passenger side
- Rear wing doors with 260-degree opening
- Fixed tow bar
- Overhead storage compartment
- Second remote key
- Black seat upholstery with double stitching
Driver assistance systems:
- Traffic sign recognition,
- Rear parking sensors,
- Rear-view camera,
- Rear parking warning,
- Drowsiness detection / attention assist,
- Speed limiter,
- Cruise control,
- Hill start assist,
- Light sensor,
- Rain sensor,
- Lane keep assist.
Lighting: Full LED headlights, fog lights with static cornering feature.
Media & Infotainment: Navigation / online navigation, audio system with MP3 capability, DAB tuner, Android Auto / preparation.
Safety & Technology: Trailer stability control.
Comfort & Climate: Dual sliding doors.
Tyres & Wheels: Tyre pressure monitoring system.
Exterior & Design: Tow bar (trailer coupling).
Environmental & Charging: Environmental sticker class 4.
Transmission: Manual gearbox.
Nwodpfjxgi N Sex Afhsb
TOP financing & leasing conditions available, also with zero down payment
We calculate your desired monthly payment directly by phone—term and final payment according to your wishes
Immediate credit decision! Trade-in including settlement of outstanding loans
Reservation not possible due to promotional pricing
DEKRA workshop check award (4x in a row)
Call us now or visit us today, 20 km north of Frankfurt/Main, directly on the A5
We look forward to seeing you and would be pleased to convince you in person over a relaxed cup of coffee.
We make it easier for you to find: "retrofit"
You will receive new offers immediately and free of charge via e-mail
You can easily terminate the search request at any time
Used Retrofit (1,318)
Search Machineseeker now with more than 200,000 used machines:Browse through the most popular machine descriptions:
This may be of interest to you

Get information now
+44 20 806 810 84
+44 20 806 810 84
List now
*per listing / month


























































































































































































































































































































